ASTM D2911-94
(Specification)Standard Specification for Dimensions and Tolerances for Plastic Bottles
Standard Specification for Dimensions and Tolerances for Plastic Bottles
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the thread configuration and dimensions for finishes for plastic bottles with screw-type closures, having a maximum capacity of 18.9 L (5 gal) and a maximum bottle dimension of 305 mm (12 in.). Included are tolerances for bottle capacity and body dimensions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8 of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1-There is no similiar or equivalent ISO standard.
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Designation: D 2911 – 94
Standard Specification for
Dimensions and Tolerances for Plastic Bottles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2911; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope to 18.9 L (5 gal) in size shall be in accordance with Table 1.
4.2 Recommended Variations in Body Dimensions—The
1.1 This specification covers the thread configuration and
recommended variations in the body dimensions of plastic
dimensions for finishes for plastic bottles with screw-type
bottles covered by this specification shall be in accordance with
closures, having a maximum capacity of 18.9 L (5 gal) and a
Table 2.
maximum bottle dimension of 305 mm (12 in.). Included are
4.3 Finish Dimensions and Design—The bottle finish di-
tolerances for bottle capacity and body dimensions.
mensions and design for the nine finishes covered by this
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
specification shall be in accordance with Figs. 1-8 and Tables
standard.
3-10.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
test methods portion, Section 8 of this specification. This
5. Sampling
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
5.1 A batch or lot shall be considered as a unit of manufac-
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
ture.
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
5.2 Unless otherwise agreed upon between manufacturer
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
and purchaser, the material shall be sampled in accordance
tions prior to use.
with the procedure described in Section 9 of Practice D 1898.
NOTE 1—There is no similiar or equivalent ISO standard.
Adequate statistical sampling prior to packaging shall be
considered an acceptable alternative.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards: 6. Conditioning
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
6.1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens at 23 6
Insulating Materials for Testing
2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F) and 50 6 5% relative humidity for not less
D 1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
than 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of
Practice D 618 for those tests where conditioning is required.
3. Terminology
In cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be6 1°C
3.1 Definitions:
(61.8°F) and 62 % relative humidity.
3.1.1 bottle finish—the configuration of the neck or opening
6.2 Test Conditions—Conduct tests in the standard labora-
of the bottle which serves to engage specific parts of the
tory atmosphere of 23 6 2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F) and 50 6 5%
closure in order to securely attach it to the bottle.
relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test meth-
3.1.2 bottle height—the maximum dimension of a bottle in
ods or in this specification. In cases of disagreement, the
a plane perpendicular to the bottle base when the bottle is
tolerances shall be 61°C (61.8°F) and 62 % relative humid-
setting in its normal upright position.
ity.
3.1.3 bottle thickness—the smaller dimension in a plane
parallel to the bottle base. 7. Apparatus
3.1.4 bottle width—the larger dimension in a plane parallel
7.1 For Determining Bottle Capacity:
to the bottle base.
7.1.1 Balance, having an accuracy of 60.1 % or better at
rated capacity (full scale).
4. Dimensions and Recommended Variations
7.1.2 Pipet, Graduated Cylinder, and Beaker, as required.
4.1 Recommended Variations in Overflow Capacity—In
7.1.3 Conditioned water at 23 6 2.0°C (73.46 3.6°F)
overflow capacity recommended variations of plastic bottles up
containing a wetting agent sufficient to flatten the meniscus and
eliminate air bubbles.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of Committee D-20 on Plastics and
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D 20.20 on Plastic Products. NOTE 2—Any liquid detergent may be used as the wetting agent.
Current edition approved June 15, 1994. Published August 1994. Originally
7.1.4 Stop Watch.
published as D 2911 – 70. Last previous edition D 2911 – 93a.
7.2 For Determining Finish and Body Dimensions:
Explanatory notes to Table 3 were added in this edition.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 2911
TABLE 1 Bottle Overflow Capacity Tolerances for Plastic Bottles
Fluid Ounces Millilitres
Bottle Overflow Capacity Tolerance (6) Bottle Overflow Capacity Tolerance (6)
less than 0.75 0.05 less than 22 1.5
0.75 and less than 1.2 0.07 22 and less than 35 2.0
1.2 and less than 1.6 0.08 35 and less than 47 2.5
1.6 and less than 2.1 0.10 47 and less than 62 3.0
2.1 and less than 2.8 0.12 62 and less than 83 3.5
2.8 and less than 3.9 0.14 83 and less than 115 4
3.9 and less than 5.4 0.17 115 and less than 159 5
5.4 and less than 7.4 0.20 159 and less than 218 6
7.4 and less than 9.8 0.24 218 and less than 289 7
9.8 and less than 13 0.30 289 and less than 384 9
13 and less than 18 0.37 384 and less than 531 11
18 and less than 26 0.44 531 and less than 767 13
26 and less than 37 0.51 767 and less than 1092 15
37 and less than 51 0.68 1092 and less than 1505 20
51 and less than 72 0.81 1505 and less than 2125 24
72 and less than 98 1.01 2125 and less than 2892 30
98 and less than 119 1.30 2892 and less than 3512 38
119 and less than 139 1.50 3512 and less than 4103 44
139 and less than 160 1.80 4103 and less than 4723 53
160 and less than 180 2.00 4723 and less than 5313 59
180 and less than 210 2.20 5313 and less than 6199 65
210 to 5 gallons 1 % of capacity 6199 to 18.89 litres 1 % of capacity
TABLE 2 Body Dimensional Tolerance
Range of Specific Dimensions Height Dimensions Width and Depth Dimensions
in. mm in. mm in. mm
0 up to but not including 1 0 to 25.40 0.030 0.76 0.030 0.76
1 up to but not including 2 25.40 to 50.80 0.030 0.76 0.050 1.27
2 up to but not including 4 50.80 to 101.60 0.050 1.27 0.060 1.52
4 up to but not including 6 101.60 to 152.40 0.050 1.27 0.080 2.03
6 up to but not including 8 152.40 to 203.20 0.060 1.52 0.090 2.29
8 up to but not including 10 203.20 to 254.00 0.060 1.52 0.110 2.79
10 up to but not including 12 254.00 to 304.80 0.080 2.03 0.120 3.05
12 up to but not including 15 304.80 to 381.00 0.090 2.29 0.150 3.81
15 up to but not including 18 381.00 to 457.20 0.110 2.79 0.150 3.81
7.2.1 Micrometers, Vernier Height Gages, or Vernier Cali- 8.1.5 Calculate the bottle volume as follows:
pers with an accuracy of 60.025 mm (60.001 in.).
B ~mL! 5 ~B 2 B !/0.997
v f e
7.2.2 Internal Micrometers or Telescoping Gages with an
where:
accuracy of 60.025 mm (60.001 in.).
B 5 volume of bottle, mL,
7.2.3 Commercial Scale, good quality calibrated in 1-mm or
v
B 5 weight of filled bottle, g,
⁄32-in. increments. f
B 5 weight of empty bottle, g, and
e
0.997 5 weight of water (g/mL) at 23 6 2.0°C (73.4 6
8. Test Methods
3.6°F).
8.1 Bottle Capacity:
B fluid oz 5 B 2 B /29.50
~ ! ~ !
8.1.1 Weigh the empty bottle and record the weight in v f e
grams.
where: 29.50 5 weight of water (g/fluid oz) at 23 6 2.0°C
8.1.2 Fill the bottle to overflow capacity with conditioned
(73.4 6 3.6°F).
water containing the wetting agent, adjusting the meniscus by
8.1.6 Determine the volume in millilitres (fluid ounces) for
use of a pipet, if necessary, until the meniscus is tangent to the
each test specimen.
top of the finish surface. No more than 2 min shall be allowed
8.1.7 Report the arithmetic average volume of the speci-
for filling the bottle and no additional water shall be added after
mens tested as the bottle capacity of the batch or lot from
the bottle is filled to overflow and free of air bubbles.
which the samples were chosen.
8.1.3 If the time exceeds 2 min, discard the sample and start
8.2 Body Dimensions:
over.
8.2.1 Using a suitable micrometer, a vernier height gage, or
a scale, measure the height of the bottle.
NOTE 3—The capacity of the container is somewhat time-dependent in
that the force of the water in the container will cause the container sides
NOTE 4—If the top of the finish is parallel to the base of the container
to bulge with time and additional water will be needed to adjust to
and the height must be measured from the top of the finish, and a
overflow capacity.
commercial scale is used, one method is to place the bottle on a flat
8.1.4 Weigh the filled bottle and record the weight in grams. surface and a straightedge across the top of the bottle finish. Then measure
D 2911
“L” Style “M” Style
All-Purpose Thread Modified Buttress Thread
(Plastic or Metal Closures) (Plastic Closures)
Threads/in. ab c Threads/in. ab c
5 in. 0.120 0.060 0.051 5 in. 0.120 0.060 0.049
mm 3.05 1.52 1.30 mm 3.05 1.52 1.24
6 in. 0.094 0.047 0.040 6 in. 0.094 0.047 0.039
mm 2.39 1.19 1.02 mm 2.39 1.19 0.99
8 in. 0.084 0.042 0.036 8 in. 0.084 0.042 0.035
mm 2.13 1.07 0.91 mm 2.13 1.07 0.89
Example Thread Nomenclature
“L” Style: L28SP400
“M” Style: M28SP400
NOTE 1—T and E dimensions are the average of two measurements across the major and minor axis. The limits of ovality will be determined by the
container supplier and container customer, as necessary.
NOTE 2—Dimension H is measured from the top of the finish to the point where diameter T, extended parallel to the centerline, intersects the bead
or shoulder.
NOTE 3—Contour of bead, undercut or shoulder is optional.
NOTE 4—Unless otherwise specified, I min applies to the full length of the opening.
NOTE 5—Concentricity of I min with respect to diameters T and E is not included. I min is specified for filler tube only.
NOTE 6—A minimum of 1 full turn of thread shall be maintained.
NOTE 7—Corresponding dimensions and finish details are shown in Table 3.
NOTE 8—Consideration must be given to the sealing surface width for the sealing system being used.
NOTE 9—Many child resistant closures, etc.
FIG. 1 SP 400 Finish Thread Cross Sections
the perpendicular distance between the straightedge and the surface upon
8.2.2.2 For a cylindrical container, make one measurement
which the bottle is setting. Four measurements should be made, each 90°
on the parting line and another measurement 90° from the
apart and the maximum used as the bottle height.
parting line. Use the average of these two measurements as the
8.2.2 Using a suitable micrometer or vernier caliper, mea-
container width.
sure the width and thickness of the bottle.
NOTE 5—If, because of the shape of the container, there is some
8.2.2.1 In the case of a rectangular container, use the
question about where the measurements should be taken, the agreement
midpoints of the sides as the measuring points.
D 2911
“L” Style “M” Style
All-Purpose Thread Modified Buttress Thread
(Plastic or Metal Closures) (Plastic Closures)
Threads/in. ab c Threads/in. ab c
6 in. 0.094 0.047 0.040 6 in. 0.094 0.047 0.039
mm 2.39 1.19 1.02 mm 2.39 1.19 0.99
8 in. 0.084 0.042 0.036 8 in. 0.084 0.042 0.035
mm 2.13 1.07 0.91 mm 2.13 1.07 0.89
Example Thread Nomenclature:
“L” Style: L22SP410
“M” Style: M22SP410
NOTE 1—Construction of neck from B to D must be held within the shaded area shown.
NOTE 2—A minimum of 1 ⁄2 turns of thread shall be maintained.
NOTE 3—Unless otherwise specified, I min applies to the full length of the opening.
NOTE 4—Concentricity of I min with respect to diameters T and E is not included. I min is specified for filler tube only.
NOTE 5—T and E dimensions are the average of two measurements across the major and minor axis. The limits of ovality will be determined by the
container supplier and container customer, as necessary.
NOTE 6—Consideration must be given to the sealing surface width for the sealing system being used.
NOTE 7—When valve style closures are used with this finish, special consideration must be given to a specific controlled inside diameter. In addition,
dimensions indicated with asterisk (*) may be varied to ensure adequate material for finishing the inside diameter.
NOTE 8—Corresponding dimensions and details shown in Table 4.
FIG. 2 SP 410 Finish Thread Cross Sections
should be reached between the purchaser and the seller.
ments of this specification, retesting to determine conformity
may be performed as agreed upon between the purchaser and
8.3 Finish Dimensions—Using suitable micrometers, ver-
the seller.
nier calipers, or telescoping gages, measure the finish dimen-
sions of the bottle.
9. Retest and Rejection
9.1 If the results of any test do not conform to the require-
D 2911
“L” Style “M” Style
All-Purpose Thread Modified Buttress Thread
(Plastic or Metal Closures) (Plastic Closures)
Threads/in. ab c d f Threads/in. ab c d f
6 in. 0.094 0.047 0.040 0.020 0.020 6 in. 0.094 0.047 0.039 0.030 0.030
mm 2.39 1.19 1.02 0.51 0.51 mm 2.39 1.19 0.99 0.76 0.76
8 in. 0.084 0.042 0.036 0.020 0.020 8 in. 0.084 0.042 0.035 0.030 0.030
mm 2.13 1.07 0.91 0.51 0.51 mm 2.13 1.07 0.89 0.76 0.76
12 in. 0.045 0.030 0.011 0.015 0.005 12 in. 0.051 0.030 0.016 0.020 0.008
mm 1.14 0.76 0.28 0.38 0.13 mm 1.29 0.76 0.41 0.51 0.22
Example Thread Nomenclature:
“L” Style: L22SP415
“M” Style: M22SP415
NOTE 1—Construction of neck from B to D must be held within the shaded area shown.
NOTE 2—A minimum of 2 turns of thread shall be maintained.
NOTE 3—Unless otherwise specified, I min applies to the full length of the opening.
NOTE 4—Concentricity of I min with respect to diameters T and E is not included. I min is specified for filler tube only.
NOTE 5—T and E dimensions are the average of two measurements across the major and minor axis. The limits of ovality will be determined by the
container supplier and container customer, as necessary.
NOTE 6—Consideration must be given to the sealing surface width for the sealing system being used.
NOTE 7—When valve style closures are used with this finish, special consideration must be given to a specific controlled inside diameter. In addition,
dimensions indicated with asterisk (*) may be varied to ensure adequate material for finishing the inside diameter.
NOTE 8—Corresponding dimensions and finish details are shown in Table 5.
FIG. 3 SP 415 Finish Thread Cross Sections
D 2911
NOTE 1—Contour of bead, undercut, or shoulder is optional.
“L” Style “M” Style
All-Purpose Thread (Plastic or Metal Closures) Modified Buttress Thread (Plastic Closures)
Threads/in. ab Threads/in. ab c
12 in. 0.045 0.030 12 in. 0.051 0.030 0.016
mm 1.14 0.76 mm 1.29 0.76 0.41
12 in. 0.045 0.030 12
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