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ASTM D4158-01

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Uniform Abrasion)

Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Uniform Abrasion)

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the determination of the resistance to abrasion of a wide range of textile materials using the uniform abrasion testing instrument. Fabrics of all types including carpets, garments and nonwovens may be tested under this method.
Note 1-- Other procedures for measuring the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics are given in: Test Methods D3884, D3885, D3886, D4157, D4966, and AATCC Test Method 93.
1.1.1 Provisions are provided for testing specimens in dry and wet conditions. Four options for evaluation are included:
Option 1--Fabric RuptureOption 2--Mass LossOption 3-Thickness LossOption 4--Breaking Strength Loss
1.1.2 Provision is provided for testing specimens in the wet state.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.3 This guide does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Feb-2001
ICS
59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.60 - Fabric Physical Test Methods B
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4158-92 - Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Uniform Abrasion)
Effective Date
10-Feb-2001
Replaced By
ASTM D4158-08 - Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Uniform Abrasion)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2008
Referred By
ASTM F1551-09(2017) - Standard Test Methods for Comprehensive Characterization of Synthetic Turf Playing Surfaces and Materials
Effective Date
10-Feb-2001
Referred By
ASTM D4157-13(2022) - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)
Effective Date
10-Feb-2001
Referred By
ASTM D4850-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test Methods
Effective Date
10-Feb-2001
Referred By
ASTM D4966-22 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)
Effective Date
10-Feb-2001
Referred By
ASTM D3884-22 - Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Rotary Platform Abrader Method)
Effective Date
10-Feb-2001
Referred By
ASTM D3885-07A(2019)e1 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Flexing and Abrasion Method)
Effective Date
10-Feb-2001

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ASTM D4158-01 - Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Uniform Abrasion)ASTM D4158-01 - Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Uniform Abrasion)
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ASTM D4158-01 - Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Uniform Abrasion)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4158–01
Standard Guide for
1
Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Uniform Abrasion)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D 3884 Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
Fabrics (Rotary Platform, Double Head Method)
1.1 This guide covers the determination of the resistance to
D 3885 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
abrasion of a wide range of textile materials using the uniform
Fabrics (Flexing and Abrasion Method)
abrasion testing instrument. Fabrics of all types including
D 3886 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
carpets, garments and nonwovens may be tested under this
Fabrics (Inflated Diaphragm Apparatus)
method.
D 4157 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
NOTE 1—Other procedures for measuring the abrasion resistance of
Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)
textile fabrics are given in: Test Methods D 3884, D 3885, D 3886,
D 4966 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile
D 4157, D 4966, and AATCC Test Method 93.
3
Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)
1.1.1 Provisions are provided for testing specimens in dry
D 5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of
and wet conditions. Four options for evaluation are included:
Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)
Option 1—Fabric Rupture
2.2 Other Documents:
Option 2—Mass Loss
AATCC Test Method 93, Abrasion Resistance of Fabrics:
Option 3—Thickness Loss
4
Option 4—Breaking Strength Loss Accelerator Method
1.1.2 Provision is provided for testing specimens in the wet
3. Terminology
state.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1.1 abrasion, n—the wearing away of any part of a
are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text,
material by rubbing against another surface.
the inch-pound units are shown in parentheses. The values
3.1.2 abrasion cycle, n—one complete movement of an
stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore,
abradant across the surfaces of a material being abraded.
each system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The complete movement for an abra-
ingvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnonconformance
sion cycle is dependent on the action of the abrasion machine
with the specification.
and the test method used. It may consist of one back and forth
1.3 This guide does not purport to address all of the safety
nondirectional movement, or one circular movement, or a
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
combination of both. For the uniform abrasion method, one
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
cycle is one circular movement or rotation as noted on its
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
counter.
limitations prior to use.
3.1.3 rotation, n—one count on the counter which is
roughly equivalent to one cycle.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 For definitions of other terms used in these methods,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
refer to Terminology D 123.
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing
4. Summary of Test
4.1 A specimen is mounted in a holder and abraded uni-
formly in all directions in the plane and about every point of
1
This method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 onTextiles and
the surface of the specimen. The settings of the instrument,
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods,
Specific. method of mounting specimens, conditions of test (conditioned
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 2001. Published May 2001. Originally
published as D 4158 – 82. Last previous edition D 4158 – 92.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Discontinued- See 2000 Annual Book of ASTM Standards , Vol 07.02.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O.
the ASTM website. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4158–01
or wet), and criteria to be used in evaluating abrasive wear in material from which the disparate test results were obtained,
the test, depend upon the nature of
...

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Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)

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5.1 The measurement of the resistance to abrasion of textile and other materials is very complex. The resistance to abrasion is affected by many factors, such as the inherent mechanical properties of the fibers; the dimensions of the fibers; the structure of the yarns; the construction of the fabrics; and the type, kind, and amount of finishing material added to the fibers, yarns, or fabric.  
5.2 The resistance to abrasion is also greatly affected by the conditions of the tests, such as the nature of abradant; variable action of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded, the tension of the specimen, the pressure between the specimen and abradant, and the dimensional changes in the specimen.  
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5.4 The resistance of textile materials to abrasion as measured on a testing machine in the laboratory is generally only one of several factors contributing to wear performance or durability as experienced in the actual use of the material. While “abrasion resistance” (often stated in terms of the number of cycles on a specified machine, using a specified technique to produce a spe...
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of woven textile fabrics using the oscillatory cylinder tester. This test method may not be usable for some fabric constructions.
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ASTM D4966-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)

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5.1 Acceptance Testing—this test method is not considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabric. The between-laboratory precision of this test method is poor and, because of the nature of abrasion testing itself, technicians frequently fail to obtain results in agreement on the same type of testing instrument, both within and between laboratories. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely, especially outside the United States.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics using the Martindale abrasion tester. The method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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Standard Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Martindale Tester

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Acceptance Testing—This method of testing fabrics resistance to pilling is not recommended for acceptance testing. If it is used for acceptance testing, it should be used with caution because interlaboratory data are not available. In some cases the purchaser or supplier may have to test a commercial shipment of one or more specific materials by the best available method even though the method has not been recommended for acceptance testing. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely outside the United States.  
5.2 If there is a disagreement arising from differences in values reported by the purchaser and the supplier when using this test method, the statistical bias, if any, between the laboratory of the purchaser and the laboratory of the supplier should be determined with comparison being based on testing specimens randomly drawn from one sample of material of the type being evaluated. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. A minimum of two parties should take a group of test specimens, which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens then should be assigned randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average test results from the two laboratories should be compared using an acceptable statistical protocol and probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is started. Appropriate statistical disciplines for comparing data must be used when the purchaser and supplier cannot agree. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future results with consideration for the known bias.  
5.3 The pilling of textile fabrics is a very complex property because it is affected by many factors that include type of fiber or blends, fiber dimensions, yarn and fabric construction, and fabric f...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance to the formation of pills and other related surface changes on textile fabrics using the Martindale tester.
Note 1: For other methods, if testing the pilling resistance of textiles, refer to Test Methods D3511/D3511M, D3512/D3512M, and D3514.  
1.2 This test method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
1.3 The fabric may be laundered or dry cleaned before testing as agreed upon among interested parties.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off