ASTM D6213-97(2003)

Standard Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geogrids to Liquids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended to provide a list of standard procedures for test programs investigating the chemical resistance of a geogrid to a liquid. This practice should be used in the absence of other specifications required for the particular situation being addressed.
This practice is intended to provide a basis of standardization for those wishing to compare or investigate the chemical resistance of a geogrid. It should be recognized that chemical resistance is a user judgment evaluation and that this practice does not offer procedures for interpreting the results obtained from test procedures contained in this practice. As a practice, this does not produce a test result.
This practice is for the chemical resistance assessment of geogrids and is written in parallel to similar practices for geomembranes, geotextiles, geonets, and geopipes. Each practice is to be considered individually for the geosynthetic under investigation and collectively for all geosynthetics exposed to the potentially harsh chemical environment under consideration.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for testing of geogrids for chemical resistance to liquids.  
1.2 This practice describes methods for measuring changes in physical and mechanical properties caused by immersion in test solution that may be representative of anticipated end-use conditions.
1.3 This practice describes procedures for required and recommended testing of geogrids.  
1.4 Evaluation or interpretation of test data is beyond the scope of this practice.  
1.5 This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with D 5322, or D 5496, or both. The scope of this practice is limited to testing and reporting procedures for unexposed and exposed geogrid coupons.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-1997
• ICS: 83.140.99 - Other rubber and plastics products
• ICS: 91.100.99 - Other construction materials
• Technical Committee: D35 - Geosynthetics
• Drafting Committee: D35.02 - Endurance Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D6213-97 - Standard Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geogrids to Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Replaced By: ASTM D6213-97(2009) - Standard Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geogrids to Liquids
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D6389-17 - Standard Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geotextiles to Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6213–97 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Practice for
Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geogrids to
Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6213; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)
D 5322 Practice for Immersion Procedures for Evaluating
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for testing of geo-
the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics to liquids
grids for chemical resistance to liquids.
D 5496 Practice for In-Situ Immersion Procedures for
1.2 This practice describes methods for measuring changes
Evaluating the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics to
in physical and mechanical properties caused by immersion in
Liquids
test solutions that may be representative of anticipated end-use
conditions.
3. Terminology
1.3 This practice describes procedures for required and
3.1 Definitions:
recommended testing of geogrids.
3.1.1 chemical resistance, n—for geosynthetics, the extent
1.4 Evaluation or interpretation of test data is beyond the
to which a material or product retains its original physical and
scope of this practice.
chemical characteristics as a function of immersion in, or
1.5 This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with
contact with, a foreign substance. (D 5747, D-35)
D 5322, or D 5496, or both. The scope of this practice is
3.1.2 coating, n—aliquid,liquefiableormasticcomposition
limited to testing and reporting procedures for unexposed and
that is converted to a solid protected, decorative, or functional
exposed geogrid coupons.
adherent film after application as a thin layer. (D 16, D-1)
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.3 coupon, n—a portion of a material or laboratory
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sample, from which multiple specimens can be taken for
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
testing. (D 5747, D-35)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.4 composite, n—a material made up of distinct parts
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
which contribute, either proportionately, or synergistically, to
tionary statements are given in Section 7.
the properties of the combination. (E 375, D-20)
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.5 geogrid, n—a reinforcing geosynthetic comprised of
integrally connected elements with in-plane apertures between
2.1 ASTM Standards:
elements. (D 4439, D-35)
D 76 Specifications for Tensile Testing Machines for Tex-
3.1.6 geosynthetic, n—a planar product manufactured from
tiles
polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geo-
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
technical engineering related material as an integral part of a
D 1238 Test Method for Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by
man made project, structure, or system. (D 4439, D-35)
Extrusion Plastomer
3.1.7 inherent viscosity—the quotient of the natural loga-
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
rithm of relative viscosity by the concentration, that is in h /c.
rel
Plastics
(D 1695, D-1)
D 4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
3.1.8 integral, adj—in geosynthetics, forming a necessary
D 4595 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Geotextiles
part of the whole; a constituent. (D 4439, D-35)
by the Wide-Width Strip Method
3.1.9 relative viscosity—the ratio of the viscosity of a
D 4603 Test Method for Determining the InherentViscosity
solution to that of the pure solvent. (D 1695, D-1)
3.1.10 melt index, n—the flow rate of PE material when
measured in accordance with Test Method D 1238.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosyn-
3.1.11 polyester, n—a polymer in which the repeated struc-
thetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endurance
Properties. tural unit in the chain is of the ester type. (D 883, D-20)
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1997. Published June 1998.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
4 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.13. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6213–97 (2003)
3.1.12 polyolefin, n—a polymer prepared by the polymer- to the chemicals. Particular care should be taken when opening
ization of an olefin(s) as the sole monomer(s). (D 883, D-20) storage vessels at elevated temperatures due to the increased
3.1.13 sample, n—a portion of a lot of material that is taken volatility of organics and the increased activity of acids and
for incubation, testing, or for record purposes. (D 123, D-13) bases. Care must also be taken to prevent the spilling of
3.1.14 specimen, n—a specific portion of a material or hazardous materials and provisions must be made to clean up
laboratory sample upon which a test is performed or which is any accidental spills that do occur.
taken for that purpose. (D 4439, D-35) 7.2 Before carrying out any test, safety precautions and
disposal procedures for hazardous waste, chemicals or immer-
4. Summary of Practice
sion liquids, and any contaminated geogrid materials should be
4.1 This practice defines test methods and procedures for
identified and implemented to provide full protection to all
evaluating the resistance of geogrids to liquid exposure by personnel and to comply with applicable disposal regulations.
monitoring physical and chemical properties of geogrid cou-
8. Sample Preparation
pons after immersion in a test liquid. The physical condition of
the geogrid is monitored as a function of cumulative exposure
8.1 Sample product as received.
time by means of visual observations, and mechanical and
chemical property tests.
9. Sampling
9.1 Geogrid:
5. Significance and Use
9.1.1 Determine the number and dimensions of the test
5.1 This practice is intended to provide a list of standard
specimens according to the requirements of property tests,
procedures for test programs investigating the chemical resis-
listed in Section 14, to be performed, the duration of the
tance of a geogrid to a liquid. This practice should be used in
immersion, and the number of test intervals.
the absence of other specifications required for the particular
9.1.2 Sample—Sample in accordance with the respective
situation being addressed.
test methods selected for the geogrid.
5.2 This practice is intended to provide a basis of standard-
9.1.3 Coupons—Cut coupons from geogrid sample repre-
ization for those wishing to compare or investigate the chemi-
sentative of the geogrids being evaluated so as to provide a
cal resistance of a geogrid. It should be recognized that
sufficient number of specimens for each chosen property test
chemical resistance is a user judgment evaluation and that this
and test interval. Discard any coupons that contain scratches or
practice does not offer procedures for interpreting the results
other imperfections that might affect the test results, and cut
obtained from test procedures contained in this practice. As a
replacement coupons.
practice, this does not produce a test result.
9.1.4 Mix the selected coupons in a random fashion and
5.3 This practice is for the chemical resistance assessment
re-select coupons for the immersion and baseline testing.
of geogrids and is written in parallel to similar practices for
9.1.5 Specimens—After exposure, test specimens are cut
geomembranes, geotextiles, geonets, and geopipes. Each prac-
from the coupons.
tice is to be considered individually for the geosynthetic under
9.1.6 Interrelationship between product, sample, coupon,
investigation and collectively for all geosynthetics exposed to
and specimen is illustrated in Fig. 1.
the potentially harsh chemical environment under consider-
9.2 Test Liquid—Follow procedures established in Practice
ation.
5322, Section 6.
6. Apparatus
10. Conditioning Before Immersion
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine—A constant-rate-of-extension
10.1 Geogrids—Condition samples at 21 6 2°C (70 6 4°F)
(CRE) or constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT) type with auto-
and a relative humidity between 50 and 70 % for not less than
graphic recorder conforming to the requirements of Specifica-
40 h prior to weighing or baseline testing and immersion, or all
tion D 76 shall be used.
of these.
6.2 Testing Clamps—These clamps shall be sufficiently
10.2 Test Liquid—Condition the test liquid (that is, immer-
wide to grip the entire rib specimen and with appropriate
sion liquid) in the exposure tank, with stirring, for a period of
clampin
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