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ASTM D5995-98(2004)

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Environmental Site Characterization in Cold Regions

Standard Guide for Environmental Site Characterization in Cold Regions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide, when used in conjunction with Guide D 5730, provides direction to the selection of the various ASTM standards that are available for the investigation of soil, rock, the vadose zone, ground-water, and other media where the investigations have an environmental purpose and are conducted in cold regions of the world. It is intended to improve consistency of practice and to encourage rational planning of a site characterization program by providing information to assist in the design of an environmental reconnaissance or investigation plans. This guide is intended to provide information that will help minimize the effect of site characterization operations on areas of frozen ground or permafrost and increase the safety of environmental operations in cold regions.  
This guide presents information and references for site characterization for environmental purposes in cold regions of the world.
SCOPE
1.1 Use this guide in conjunction with Guide D 5730.
1.2 This guide describes special problems to be considered when planning field investigations in cold regions. The primary focus of this guide is presenting the special problems and concerns of site characterization in the cold regions of the world.
1.3 Laboratory testing of soil, rock, and ground-water samples is specified by other ASTM standards that are not specifically discussed in this guide. Laboratory methods for measurement of physical properties relevant to environmental investigations are included in Guide D 5730.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 This guide emphasizes the care that must be taken by all field personnel during operations in tundra and permafrost areas of the world.
1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word "Standard" in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Mar-1998
ICS
19.040 - Environmental testing
Technical Committee
D18 - Soil and Rock
Drafting Committee
D18.01 - Surface and Subsurface Investigation
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5995-98 - Standard Guide for Environmental Site Characterization in Cold Regions
Effective Date
10-Mar-1998
Replaced By
ASTM D5995-98(2010) - Standard Guide for Environmental Site Characterization in Cold Regions
Effective Date
01-May-2010

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ASTM D5995-98(2004) - Standard Guide for Environmental Site Characterization in Cold RegionsASTM D5995-98(2004) - Standard Guide for Environmental Site Characterization in Cold Regions
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ASTM D5995-98(2004) - Standard Guide for Environmental Site Characterization in Cold Regions
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5995–98 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Guide for
1
Environmental Site Characterization in Cold Regions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5995; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Understanding environmental processes that occur in soil and rock systems in cold regions of the
world depends on adequate characterization of not only the physical, chemical, and biological
properties of soil and rock but also the climatic factors under which they exist. Processes of interest
may include, but are not limited to, surface and subsurface hydrology, contaminant mobilization,
distribution, fate and transport, chemical and biological degradation of wastes, geomorphological, and
ecological processes in general.
1. Scope 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 Use this guide in conjunction with Guide D5730.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.2 This guide describes special problems to be considered
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
whenplanningfieldinvestigationsincoldregions.Theprimary
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
focus of this guide is presenting the special problems and
concerns of site characterization in the cold regions of the
2. Referenced Documents
world.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 Laboratory testing of soil, rock, and ground-water
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
samples is specified by other ASTM standards that are not
Fluids
specifically discussed in this guide. Laboratory methods for
D4083 Practice for Description of Frozen Soils (Visual-
measurement of physical properties relevant to environmental
Manual Procedure)
investigations are included in Guide D5730.
D5254 Practice for Minimum Set of Data Elements to
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Identify a Ground-Water Site
standard.
D5408 Guide for Set of Data Elements to Describe a
1.5 This guide emphasizes the care that must be taken by all
Ground-Water Site; Part One—Additional Identification
field personnel during operations in tundra and permafrost
Descriptors
areas of the world.
D5409 Guide for Set of Data Elements to Describe a
1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of information
Ground-Water Site; Part Two—Physical Descriptors
or a series of options and does not recommend a specific
D5410 Guide for Set of Data Elements to Describe a
course of action. This document cannot replace education or
Ground-Water Site;Part Three—Usage Descriptors
experienceandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwithprofessional
D5730 Guide for Site Characterization for Environmental
judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all
Purposes With Emphasis on Soil, Rock, the Vadose Zone
circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-
and Ground Water
sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of
D5781 Guide for Use of Dual-Wall Reverse-Circulation
a given professional service must be judged, nor should this
Drilling for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Instal-
document be applied without consideration of a project’s many
lation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this
D5783 Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-
document means only that the document has been approved
Based Drilling Fluid for Geoenvironmental Exploration
through the ASTM consensus process.
and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitor-
ing Devices
1
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoilandRock
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.01 on Surface and Subsurface
Characterization.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 10, 1998. Published August 1998. Originally
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
published as D5995 – 96. Last previous edition D5995 – 96. DOI: 10.1520/D5995-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
98R04.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5995–98 (2004)
D6001 Guide for Direct-Push Ground Water Sampling for Thedifficultyofworkingunderarcticconditionstendstocause
Environmental Site Characterization frustration and increases the chance of injury. Freezing of
exposed flesh and hypothermia can
...

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4.2 The standards discussed here focus on reducing the hazards associated with the use of oxygen. In general, they are not directly applicable to process reactors in which the deliberate reaction of materials with oxygen is sought, as in burners, bleachers, or bubblers. Other ASTM Committees and products (such as the CHETAH program5) and other outside groups are more pertinent for these.  
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Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The use of this apparatus is intended to induce property changes consistent with the end use conditions, including the effects of the UV portion of sunlight, moisture, and heat. Typically, these exposures would include moisture in the form of condensing humidity. Exposures are not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena, such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure. Alternatively, the exposure may simulate the effects of sunlight through window glass. (Warning—Refer to Practice G151 for full cautionary guidance applicable to all laboratory weathering devices.)  
5.2 This practice provides general procedures for operating fluorescent UV lamp weathering devices that allow for a wide range of exposure conditions. Therefore, no reference shall be made to results from the use of this practice unless accompanied by a report detailing the specific operating conditions in conformance with Section 10.  
5.2.1 It is recommended that a similar material of known performance (a control) be exposed simultaneously with the test specimen to provide a standard for comparative purposes. Generally, two controls are recommended: one known to have poor durability and one known to have good durability. It is recommended that at least three replicates of each material evaluated be exposed in each test to allow for statistical evaluation of results.  
5.2.2 Comparison of results obtained from specimens exposed in the same model of apparatus should not be made unless reproducibility has been established among devices for the material to be tested.  
5.2.3 Comparison of results obtained from specimens exposed in different models of apparatus should not be made unless correlation has been established among devices for the material to be tested (see Guide D6631 for guidance).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is limited to the basic principles for operating a fluorescent UV lamp and water apparatus; on its own, it does not deliver a specific result.  
1.2 It is intended to be used in conjunction with a practice or method that defines specific exposure conditions for an application along with a means to evaluate changes in material properties. This practice is intended to reproduce the weathering effects that occur when materials are exposed to sunlight (either direct or through window glass) and moisture as rain or dew in actual usage. This practice is limited to the procedures for obtaining, measuring, and controlling conditions of exposure.
Note 1: Practice G151 describes general procedures to be used when exposing nonmetallic materials in accelerated test devices that use laboratory light sources.
Note 2: A number of exposure procedures are listed in an appendix; however, this practice does not specify the exposure conditions best suited for the material to be tested.  
1.3 Test specimens are exposed to fluorescent UV light under controlled environmental conditions. Different types of fluorescent UV lamp sources are described.
Note 3: In this standard, the terms UV light and UV radiation are used interchangeably.  
1.4 Specimen preparation and evaluation of the results are covered in ASTM methods or specifications for specific materials. General guidance is given in Practice G151 and ISO 4892-1.
Note 4: General information about methods for determining the change in properties after exposure and reporting these results is described in ISO 4582 and Practice D5870.  
1.5 This practice is not intended for corrosion testing of bare metals.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard is technically similar to ISO 4892-3 and ISO 16474-3.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and...

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  • Standard
    12 pages
    English language
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