ASTM C364/C364M-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Edgewise Compressive Strength of Sandwich Constructions
Standard Test Method for Edgewise Compressive Strength of Sandwich Constructions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The edgewise compressive strength of short sandwich construction specimens provides a basis for judging the load-carrying capacity of the construction in terms of developed facing stress.
5.2 This test method provides a standard method of obtaining sandwich edgewise compressive strengths for panel design properties, material specifications, research and development applications, and quality assurance.
5.3 The reporting section requires items that tend to influence edgewise compressive strength to be reported; these include materials, fabrication method, facesheet lay-up orientation (if composite), core orientation, results of any nondestructive inspections, specimen preparation, test equipment details, specimen dimensions and associated measurement accuracy, environmental conditions, speed of testing, failure mode, and failure location.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the compressive properties of structural sandwich construction in a direction parallel to the sandwich facing plane. Permissible core material forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb).
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C364/C364M − 16
Standard Test Method for
Edgewise Compressive Strength of Sandwich
1
Constructions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C364/C364M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Composite Materials
D5687/D5687M Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite
1.1 This test method covers the compressive properties of
Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Prepara-
structural sandwich construction in a direction parallel to the
tion
sandwichfacingplane.Permissiblecorematerialformsinclude
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
surfaces (such as honeycomb).
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Lot or Process
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
ASTM Test Methods
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
must be used independently of the other. Combining values
E1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial
standard.
Force Application
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
to high-modulus fibers and their composites, as well as terms
relating to sandwich constructions. Terminology D883 defines
2. Referenced Documents
E6 defines terms
terms relating to plastics. Terminology
2.1 ASTM Standards:
relating to mechanical testing. Terminolgoy E456 and Practice
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
E177 define terms relating to statistics. In the event of a
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
conflict between terms, Terminology D3878 shall have prece-
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
dence over the other terminologies.
D2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced
3.2 Symbols: b = width of specimen
Resins
D2734 TestMethodsforVoidContentofReinforcedPlastics CV = coefficient of variation statistic of a sample population
D3039/D3039M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Poly- for a given property (in percent)
mer Matrix Composite Materials
L = length of specimen
D3171 Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite
P = force on specimen
Materials
S = standard deviation statistic of a sample population for
n-1
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
a given property
D5229/D5229M Test Method for MoistureAbsorption Prop-
t = core thickness
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix c
t = nominal facesheet thickness
fs
x = test result for an individual specimen from the sample
i
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
population for a given property
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.09 on
x¯5 mean or average (estimate of mean) of a sample
Sandwich Construction.
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published April 2016. Originally
population for a given property
approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as C364/
C364M – 07(2012). DOI: 10.1520/C0364_C0364M-16. σ = facesheet compressive stress
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C364/C364M − 16
4. Summary of Test Method specimen preparation, or poor alignment of the loading fixture.
If there is any doubt as to the alignment inherent in a given test
4.1 Thistestmethodconsistsofsubjectingasandwichpanel
machine, then the alignment should be checked as discussed in
to monotonically increasing compressive force parallel to the
Test Method D3039/D3039M.
plane of its faces. The force is transmitted to the panel through
either clampe
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C364/C364M − 07 (Reapproved 2012) C364/C364M − 16
Standard Test Method for
Edgewise Compressive Strength of Sandwich
1
Constructions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C364/C364M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the compressive properties of structural sandwich construction in a direction parallel to the
sandwich facing plane. Permissible core material forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood and
foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb).
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
C274 Terminology of Structural Sandwich Constructions (Withdrawn 2016)
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced Resins
D2734 Test Methods for Void Content of Reinforced Plastics
D3039/D3039M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
D3171 Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite Materials
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix Composite
Materials
D5687/D5687M Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Preparation
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or
Process
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Specimen Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial Force
Application
2
E1309 Guide for Identification of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite Materials in Databases (Withdrawn 2015)
2
E1434 Guide for Recording Mechanical Test Data of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials in Databases (Withdrawn 2015)
E1471 Guide for Identification of Fibers, Fillers, and Core Materials in Computerized Material Property Databases (Withdrawn
2
2015)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.09 on Sandwich
Construction.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2012April 1, 2016. Published December 2012April 2016. Originally approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 20072012 as
C364/C364M– 07. – 07(2012). DOI: 10.1520/C0364_C0364M-07R12.10.1520/C0364_C0364M-16.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C364/C364M − 16
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating to high-modulus fibers and their composites.
Terminologycomposites, as C274 defineswell as terms relating to structural sandwich constructions. Terminology D883 defines
terms relating to plastics. Terminology E6 defines terms relating to mechanical testing. Terminolgoy E456 and Practice E177 define
terms relating to statistics. In the event of a conflict between terms, Terminology D3878 shall have precedence over the other
terminologies.
3.2 Symbols: b = width of specimen
CV = coefficient of variation statistic of a sample population for a given property (in percent)
L = length of specimen
P = force on specimen
S = standard deviation statistic of a sample population for a given property
n-1
t
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C364/C364M − 16
Standard Test Method for
Edgewise Compressive Strength of Sandwich
1
Constructions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C364/C364M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Composite Materials
D5687/D5687M Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite
1.1 This test method covers the compressive properties of
Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Prepara-
structural sandwich construction in a direction parallel to the
tion
sandwich facing plane. Permissible core material forms include
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With
surfaces (such as honeycomb).
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Lot or Process
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
ASTM Test Methods
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
must be used independently of the other. Combining values
E1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial
standard.
Force Application
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
to high-modulus fibers and their composites, as well as terms
relating to sandwich constructions. Terminology D883 defines
2. Referenced Documents
terms relating to plastics. Terminology E6 defines terms
2.1 ASTM Standards:
relating to mechanical testing. Terminolgoy E456 and Practice
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
E177 define terms relating to statistics. In the event of a
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
conflict between terms, Terminology D3878 shall have prece-
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
dence over the other terminologies.
D2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced
3.2 Symbols: b = width of specimen
Resins
CV = coefficient of variation statistic of a sample population
D2734 Test Methods for Void Content of Reinforced Plastics
D3039/D3039M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Poly- for a given property (in percent)
mer Matrix Composite Materials
L = length of specimen
D3171 Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite
P = force on specimen
Materials
S = standard deviation statistic of a sample population for
n-1
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
a given property
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Prop-
t = core thickness
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix c
t = nominal facesheet thickness
fs
x = test result for an individual specimen from the sample
i
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
population for a given property
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.09 on
x¯5 mean or average (estimate of mean) of a sample
Sandwich Construction.
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published April 2016. Originally
population for a given property
approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as C364/
C364M – 07(2012). DOI: 10.1520/C0364_C0364M-16. σ = facesheet compressive stress
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C364/C364M − 16
4. Summary of Test Method specimen preparation, or poor alignment of the loading fixture.
If there is any doubt as to the alignment inherent in a given test
4.1 This test method consists of subjecting a sandwich panel
machine, then the alignment should be checked as discussed in
to monotonically increasing compressive force parallel to the
Test Method D3039/D3039M.
plane of its faces. The force is transmitted to the panel through
either clamped or bonded end supports. Stress and strength are 6.3 Geometry—Specific geometric factors that affect edge-
reported in
...
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