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ASTM D6624-06

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determining a Flow-Proportioned Average Property Value (FPAPV) for a Collected Batch of Process Stream Material Using Stream Analyzer Data

Standard Practice for Determining a Flow-Proportioned Average Property Value (FPAPV) for a Collected Batch of Process Stream Material Using Stream Analyzer Data

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Contractual or local regulation, or both, permitting, the FPAPV calculated according to this practice can be used to represent the average property of the quantity of material collected.
Due to the averaging and appropriate weighting of analysis results, the FPAPV estimate of the property for the collected material is expected to be more representative and more precise than an estimate based on a small number of analyses on a few samples.
Note 1—Theoretically speaking, the true property distribution for an infinite number of batches with essentially identical FPAPV’is expected to be Gaussian, centered at the FPAPV value, with a standard deviation that is no less than the long term site precision standard deviation of the analyzer system.
If the measured property value can be used to predict another property value through the use of an appropriate correlation equation, the FPAPV can also be used as a suitable prediction of that property.
The most recently updated FPAPV can be used to represent the property of the material currently accumulated in the tank or vessel for process control or material disposition decisions, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a technique for calculating a flow-proportioned average property value (FPAPV) for a batch of in-line blended product or process stream material that is collected over time and isolated in a storage tank or vessel, using a combination of on-line or at-line measurements of the property and flow rates.
1.2 The FPAPV methodology uses regularly collected on- line or at-line process analyzer measurements, flow, and assessment of other appropriate process measurements or values, to calculate a flow-proportioned average property value in accordance with flow quantity units of material produced.
1.3 When the collecting vessel contains a heel (retained material prior to receipt of the production batch), both the property value and quantity of the heel material can be predetermined and factored into the calculation of the FPAPV for the new batch.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2006
ICS
19.020 - Test conditions and procedures in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.25 - Performance Assessment and Validation of Process Stream Analyzer Systems
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6624-01 - Standard Practice for Determining a Flow-Proportioned Average Property Value (FPAPV) for a Collected Batch of Process Stream Material Using Stream Analyzer Data
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D6624-12 - Standard Practice for Determining a Flow-Proportioned Average Property Value (FPAPV) for a Collected Batch of Process Stream Material Using Stream Analyzer Data
Effective Date
01-Jun-2012
Referred By
ASTM D2885-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuels by On-Line Direct Comparison Technique
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM D7235-21a - Standard Guide for Establishing a Linear Correlation Relationship Between Analyzer and Primary Test Method Results Using Relevant ASTM Standard Practices
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM D7825-18 - Standard Practice for Generating a Process Stream Property Value through Application of a Process Stream Analyzer
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM D7453-22 - Standard Practice for Sampling of Petroleum Products for Analysis by Process Stream Analyzers and for Process Stream Analyzer System Validation
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM D8340-22 - Standard Practice for Performance-Based Qualification of Spectroscopic Analyzer Systems
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM D8094-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Water Content of Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) Using an Online Electronic Moisture Analyzer
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006

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ASTM D6624-06 - Standard Practice for Determining a Flow-Proportioned Average Property Value (FPAPV) for a Collected Batch of Process Stream Material Using Stream Analyzer DataASTM D6624-06 - Standard Practice for Determining a Flow-Proportioned Average Property Value (FPAPV) for a Collected Batch of Process Stream Material Using Stream Analyzer Data
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ASTM D6624-06 - Standard Practice for Determining a Flow-Proportioned Average Property Value (FPAPV) for a Collected Batch of Process Stream Material Using Stream Analyzer Data
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6624 − 06
StandardPractice for
Determining a Flow-Proportioned Average Property Value
(FPAPV) for a Collected Batch of Process Stream Material
1
Using Stream Analyzer Data
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6624; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The determination of an average property value that is representative of a batch of petroleum
product collected and isolated in a tank or vessel has always been a challenge. Historically, the
industrypracticehasbeentofollowtheappropriateproceduresprescribedinPracticesD4057,D5842,
or D4177 to extract one sample (or a limited few, taken from top, middle, and bottom) from the tank
or vessel after the content is mixed by any of several means to ensure the material is homogeneous
prior to sample extraction. The extracted sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis. Depending
on the property and its criticality, the average property value can also be obtained by independently
analyzing each of the top, middle, and bottom samples and the results averaged, or, the three tank
samples are mixed and testing for the property is performed on the mixture.
With the introduction of in-line blending and process stream analysis in the 1960s, the potential for
real-time delivery to a pipeline, barge, ship, or tank car compartment was envisioned.
To determine the average property value that is representative of a batch of product from a blend
or process stream, two approaches have been developed and implemented. One depends on the use of
a composite sampler, a vessel into which a sample of the flowing process or blended product stream
is introduced at a flow-rate proportional to the flow-rate of the product stream (Practice D4177).This
sample, collected over the period of time required to generate the batch quantity of product, is then
analyzed using a primary test method in the laboratory. Multiple laboratory analyses on one or more
aliquotsofcompositesamplecanbeaveragedtoprovideamorepreciseestimateofthepropertyvalue
than a single analysis.
A second technique utilizes the results produced by on-line, at-line, or in-line analytical
measurement systems that continually test material from the process or in-line blended stream for the
desired property as it flows to a collection tank, pipeline, or shipping compartment. To determine the
average property value of all the material collected (or shipped) at any time during the production
process, a unique real time flow-proportioned averaging technique evolved. By appropriate selection
ofaproductiontimeperiodorcycle,theaveragepropertyvalueforthecollected(orshipped)material
at any time in the production or shipment cycle is obtained by recursively calculating a flow-
proportionaverageusingallavailablepropertyvaluesfromtheanalyticalmeasurementsystemandthe
measured incremental quantity of product flow associated with each cycle. The determination of this
flow-proportioned average property value is the subject of this practice.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6624 − 06
1. Scope 3.1.2.1 Discussion—The term property as used in this prac-
tice can be the physical, chemical, or performance property
1.1 This practice covers a technique for calculating a
measurementsasprovidedbyon-line,at-lineanalyzersystems,
flow-proportionedaveragepropertyvalue(FPAPV)forabatch
or, can be the deviation of such measurements from a desired
of in-line blended product or process stream material that is
value.
collected over time and isolated in a storage tank or vessel,
3.1.2.2 Discussion—The FPAPV can include a value con-
using a combination of on-line or at-line measurements of the
tributed by material (commonly referred to as a tank heel)
property and flow rates.
present in the collection tank or vessel before the start of
1.2 The FPAPV methodology uses regularly collected on-
delivery of the current process stream material.
line or at-line process analyzer measurements, flow, and
3.1.3 fit-for-use, n—product, system, or service that is suit-
assessment of other appropriate process measurements or
able for its intended use.
values,tocalculateaflow-proportionedaveragepropertyvalue
in accordance with flow quantity units of material produced. 3.1.4 linearly mixable, adj—property is deemed to be lin-
early mixable in a mass or volume measurement unit if the
1.3 When the collecting vessel contains a heel (retained
property of the mixed material can be calculated from the
mate
...

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4.1 Contractual or local regulation, or both, permitting, the FPAPV calculated according to this practice can be used to represent the average property of the quantity of material collected.  
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4.1 Representative samples of petroleum and petroleum products are required for the determination of chemical and physical properties used to establish standard volumes, prices, and compliance with commercial and regulatory specifications. The handling of samples from the time of collection until they are analyzed requires care and effort to maintain their compositional integrity. Samples of high RVP (unstabilized) hydrocarbons are required at many measurement points, for example offshore production, at the outlets of test separators or to allow calibration of a flowmeter. This practice also describes requirements associated with handling and mixing samples held within pressurized cylinders.  
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FIG. 1 Sequence of Steps  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide describes the principal types of sampling designs and provides formulas for estimating population means and standard errors of the estimates. Practice E105 provides principles for designing probability sampling plans in relation to the objectives of study, costs, and practical constraints. Practice E122 aids in specifying the required sample size. Practice E141 describes conditions to ensure validity of the results of sampling. Further description of the designs and formulas in this guide, and beyond it, can be found in textbooks (1-10).3  
4.2 Sampling, both discrete and bulk, is a clerical and physical operation. It generally involves training enumerators and technicians to use maps, directories and stop watches so as to locate designated sampling units. Once a sampling unit is located at its address, discrete sampling and area sampling enumeration proceeds to a measurement. For bulk sampling, material is extracted into a composite.  
4.3 A sampling plan consists of instructions telling how to list addresses and how to select the addresses to be measured or extracted. A frame is a listing of addresses each of which is indexed by a single integer or by an n-tuple (several integer) number. The sampled population consists of all addresses in the frame that can actually be selected and measured. It is sometimes different from a targeted population that the user would have preferred to be covered.  
4.4 A selection scheme designates which indexes constitute the sample. If certified random numbers completely control the selection scheme the sample is called a probability sample. Certified random numbers are those generated either from a table (for example, Ref (11)) that has been tested for equal digit frequencies and for serial independence, from a computer program that was checked to have a long cycle length, or from a random physical method such as tossing of a coin or a casino-quality spinner.  
4.5 The objective of sampling is often to estimate t...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide defines terms and introduces basic methods for probability sampling of discrete populations, areas, and bulk materials. It provides an overview of common probability sampling methods employed by users of ASTM standards.  
1.2 Sampling may be done for the purpose of estimation, of comparison between parts of a sampled population, or for acceptance of lots. Sampling is also used for the purpose of auditing information obtained from complete enumeration of the population.  
1.3 No system of units is specified in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E2282-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Defining the Test Result of a Test Method

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this guide is to provide guidelines for identifying the elements that comprise the test result of a test method and to illustrate how these elements combine into the test result. It covers the types of measurement scales used for expressing observations and test results. This guide provides information on the construction of test results from more elemental measurements.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 All test methods have an output in the form of a test result. This guide provides information on the construction of test results from more elemental measurements.  
4.2 A well-defined test result is necessary before any precision statements can be made about the test method.  
4.2.1 Form and Style for ASTM Standards,2 Section A21, requires that every test method shall contain a statement regarding its precision, preferably as a result of an interlaboratory test program. Reporting of such studies is described in Practice E177, which illustrates the development of test results from observations and test determinations.  
4.2.2 Precision statements for ASTM test methods are applicable to test results. They are not applicable to test determinations or observations, unless specifically and clearly indicated otherwise.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard provides guidelines for identifying the elements that comprise the test result of a test method and to illustrate how these elements combine into the test result.  
1.2 Types of measurement scales used for expressing observations and test results are discussed.  
1.3 No system of units is specified in this standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Guide
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ASTM
ASTM E1188-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Collection and Preservation of Information and Physical Items by a Technical Investigator

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This practice is intended for use by any technical investigator when investigating an incident that can be reasonably expected to be the subject of litigation. The intent is to obtain sufficient information and physical items to identify evidence associated with the incident and to preserve it for analysis.  
2.2 The quality of evidence may change with time, therefore, special effort should be taken to capture and preserve evidence in an expeditious manner. This practice sets forth guidelines for the collection and preservation of evidence for further analysis.  
2.3 Evidence that has been collected and preserved is identified with, and traceable to, the incident. This practice sets forth guidelines for such procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers guidelines for the collection and preservation of information and physical items by any technical investigator pertaining to an incident that can be reasonably expected to be the subject of litigation.  
1.2 This practice describes generally accepted professional principles and operations, although the facts and issues of each situation require consideration, and frequently involve matters not expressly dealt with herein. Deviations from this practice should be based on specific articulable circumstances.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    2 pages
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