ASTM D2152-95

Standard Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by Acetone Immersion

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the adequacy of fusion of extruded rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) pipe and molded fittings as indicated by reaction to immersion in anhydrous acetone.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except where instruments are calibrated in SI units.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Annex A1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1994
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.25 - Vinyl Based Pipe

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D2152-95(2003) - Standard Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by Acetone Immersion
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-1995
• Referred By: ASTM D2949-22 - Standard Specification for 3.25-in. Outside Diameter Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM F758-14(2023) - Standard Specification for Smooth-Wall Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Underdrain Systems for Highway, Airport, and Similar Drainage
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM F1504-21e1 - Standard Specification for Folded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe for Existing Sewer and Conduit Rehabilitation
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM F1732-12(2018) - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer and Drain Pipe Containing Recycled PVC Material
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM F1803-15(2019) - Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Closed Profile Gravity Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter 
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM D2680-20 - Standard Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Composite Sewer Piping
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM F949-20 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Corrugated Sewer Pipe With a Smooth Interior and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM F794-21 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Profile Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM F3128-23 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Schedule 40 Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe with a Cellular Core
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM F1697-18 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Profile Strip for Machine Spiral-Wound Liner Pipe Rehabilitation of Existing Sewers and Conduit
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM F2984-13(2019) - Standard Specification for Segmental Panel System for the Grout-in-Place-Liner (GIPL) Rehabilitation Method of Existing Man-Entry Size Sewers, Culverts, and Conduits
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM D2729-21 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM F1871-20 - Standard Specification for Folded/Formed Poly (Vinyl Chloride) Pipe Type A for Existing Sewer and Conduit Rehabilitation
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM D3034-23 - Standard Specification for Type PSM Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 2152 – 95
Standard Test Method for
Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
Pipe and Molded Fittings by Acetone Immersion
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2152; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.3 This test method is useful in evaluating the adequacy of
PVC fusion obtained in process or materials trials.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ad-
3.4 This test method determines adequacy of fusion on a
equacy of fusion of extruded rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)
single, relatively small specimen. This test method requires the
pipe and molded fittings as indicated by reaction to immersion
use of a hazardous reagent which must be properly handled and
in anhydrous acetone.
disposed. Therefore, this test method may not be cost-effective
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
to employ as a routine quality control test.
as the standard except where instruments are calibrated in SI
units.
4. Apparatus
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Container—Either individual, sealable containers for
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
each specimen or one large, airtight container capable of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
holding several specimens without touching one another.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2 Hydrometer and Cylinder—Precision hydrometer,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards
graduated in thousandths, with a minimum range of 0.780 to
statements are given in Annex A1.
0.790 g/mL and a cylinder large enough to immerse the
2. Referenced Documents hydrometer.
4.3 Thermometer—ASTM 12C total immersion thermom-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
eter, range from −20°C to 102°C accurate to 0.2°C, or
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
equivalent.
Insulating Materials for Testing
5. Reagent
3. Significance and Use
5.1 Acetone—American Chemical Society Reagent Grade,
3.1 This test method is applicable only for distinguishing
having a maximum density of 0.7857 g/mL at 25°C.
between inadequately fused and adequately fused PVC. The
difference between thermally degraded and adequately fused
NOTE 1—See Annex A1 for the safety and health precautions to be used
PVC cannot be detected by this test method. Acetone immer- with acetone.
sion is not a substitute for burst, impact, or other physical or
5.2 Prior to conducting the test, check the density of the
chemical tests on PVC pipe or fittings and it, therefore, shall
acetone with a precision hydrometer to determine its dryness.
not be used as the only test specification for purchasing of PVC
If the density of the acetone is greater than 0.7890 g/mL at
pipe and fittings. This test only detects inadequate fusion and
23°C, (corresponding to approximately 1 % water by mass (see
does not determine the over-all quality of the PVC pipe or
Fig. X1.1)), use fresh acetone or dry the wet acetone with a
fittings.
drying agent. Recheck the density of the fresh or dried acetone
3.2 This test method is useful in determining whether
before using.
inadequate fusion contributed to failure of PVC pipe or fittings
NOTE 2—Wet acetone can be dried by thoroughly agitating it with at
in other physical or chemical tests, or in service.
least 15 g of anhydrous calcium sulfate (CaSO ) for each gram of water
present.
1 NOTE 3—The presence of water in the acetone reduces its sensitivity to
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-17 on Plastic
differences in the degree of fusion of rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). It
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.25 on Vinyl
is important to dry the acetone properly and conduct the test in a sealed
Based Pipe.
Current edition approved March 15, 1995. Published May 1995. Originally container, because acetone rapidly absorbs moisture from the atmosphere.
published as D 2152 – 63 T. Last previous edition D 2152 – 80 (1986)e .
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 2152 – 95
NOTE 4—Round-robin testing between four laboratories showed that
effect water has on the acetone. For referee purposes condi-
test results are not significantly altered with up to 2 % water by weight in
tioning shall be in accordance with Procedure A of Practice
the acetone.
D 618.
6. Sampling 9. Procedure
9.1 Conduct the tests in a Standard Laboratory Atmosphere
6.1 Specimens shall be taken from individual pipe sections,
of 23 6 2°C unless otherwise specified.
fittings, or remnant portions of pipe or fittings. Specimens shall
9.2 Place sufficient dried acetone into the container to
be taken from locations which are to be evaluated for adequacy
ensure complete immersion of the specimen.
of fusion, or immediately adjacent to them.
9.3 Place the test specimen in the acetone, seal the con-
6.2 The number of individual specimens to be tested and
tainer, and do not agitate. Allow specimen to stand immersed
their locations shall be chosen to be representative of the pipe
for 20 mi
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