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ASTM D2930-94

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Maleic Acid in Maleic Anhydride by Potentiometric Titration

Standard Test Method for Maleic Acid in Maleic Anhydride by Potentiometric Titration

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of free maleic acid in refined maleic anhydride by potentiometric titration.  
1.2 This test method is applicable for all concentrations of maleic acid; however, it is primarily used for concentrations below 0.5%.  
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: For purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off "to the nearest unit" in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-1993
ICS
71.080.50 - Anhydrides
Technical Committee
D16 - Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals
Drafting Committee
D16.02 - Oxygenated Aromatics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D2930-03 - Standard Test Method for Maleic Acid in Maleic Anhydride by Potentiometric Titration (Withdrawn 2012)
Effective Date
10-Jan-2003

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ASTM D2930-94 - Standard Test Method for Maleic Acid in Maleic Anhydride by Potentiometric TitrationASTM D2930-94 - Standard Test Method for Maleic Acid in Maleic Anhydride by Potentiometric Titration
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ASTM D2930-94 - Standard Test Method for Maleic Acid in Maleic Anhydride by Potentiometric Titration
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 2930 – 94
Standard Test Method for
Maleic Acid in Maleic Anhydride by Potentiometric Titration
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2930; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope with anhydrides. Only one carboxylic acid group is titrated.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of free maleic
4. Significance and Use
acid in refined maleic anhydride by potentiometric titration.
4.1 The maleic acid content is usually an indication of
1.2 This test method is applicable for all concentrations of
exposure to moisture in air. Maleic anhydride reacts with
maleic acid; however, it is primarily used for concentrations
moisture to form maleic acid.
below 0.5 %.
1.3 The following applies to all specified limits in this
5. Apparatus
standard: For purposes of determining conformance with this
5.1 Titrimeter or pH meter, equipped with glass and calomel
standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be
electrodes. The pair of electrodes shall be mounted to extend
rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit
well below the liquid level.
used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with
5.2 Microburet, 5 or 10-mL size, graduated 20 divisions/
the rounding-off method of Practice E 29.
mL.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.3 Stirrer, mechanical, that will furnish a rapid stirring
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
action, but not such vigorous stirring that air bubbles will be
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
drawn to the electrodes of the titrimeter or pH meter.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.4 Beaker, 250-mL, tall-form.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
5.5 Automatic Titrator can be used in place of the above
statements, see Section 7.
apparatus.
2. Referenced Documents
6. Reagents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
D 3438 Practice for Sampling and Handling Naphthalene,
3 all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
Maleic Anhydride, and Phthalic Anhydride
tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
4 where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
Determine Conformance with Specifications
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
2.2 Other Documents:
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR, paragraphs 1910.1000 and
accuracy of the determination.
1910.1200.
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming
3. Summary of Test Method
to Type IV of Specification D 1193.
3.1 This test method is based on a direct titration of maleic
6.3 Acetone, dried over Linde Type 5A molecular sieves.
acid using a tertiary amine as the base. The titration is carried
6.4 N-ethylpiperidine (0.05 N in acetone)—Dissolve 5.65 g
out in an anhydrous solvent system and followed potentio-
of N-ethylpiperidine in acetone and dilute to 1 L. Prepare fresh
metrically by means of a pH meter. Tertiary amines do not react
daily.
1 6
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
Subcommittee D16.02 on Oxygenated Aromatics. listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
Current edition approved April 15, 1994. Published June 1994. Originally Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
e1
published as D 2930 – 70. Last previous edition D 2930 – 80 (1989) . and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. MD.
3 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04. Manufactured by Union Carbide Corp., Linde Div., 270 Park Ave., New York,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. NY 10017.
5 8
Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing N-ethylpiperidine, Catalog No. EX828, available from Matheson Coleman &
Office, Washington, DC 20402. Bell, East Rutherford, NJ, has bee
...

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1.1 This specification covers SEBS (styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene)-modified asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roof systems.  
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4.1 The force required to separate a metallic coating from its plastic substrate is determined by the interaction of several factors: the generic type and quality of the plastic molding compound, the molding process, the process used to prepare the substrate for electroplating, and the thickness and mechanical properties of the metallic coating. By holding all others constant, the effect on the peel strength by a change in any one of the above listed factors may be noted. Routine use of the test in a production operation can detect changes in any of the above listed factors.  
4.2 The peel test values do not directly correlate to the adhesion of metallic coatings on the actual product.  
4.3 When the peel test is used to monitor the coating process, a large number of plaques should be molded at one time from a same batch of molding compound used in the production moldings to minimize the effects on the measurements of variations in the plastic and the molding process.
SCOPE
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5.1 The kinematic viscosity characterizes flow behavior. The method is used to determine the consistency of liquid asphalt as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply. The specifications are usually at temperatures of 60 and 135 °C.
Note 3: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and distillation residues of liquid asphalts all at 60 °C [140 °F] and of liquid asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] (see table notes, 11.1) in the range from 6 to 100 000 mm2/s [cSt].  
1.2 Results of this test method can be used to calculate viscosity when the density of the test material at the test temperature is known or can be determined. See Annex A1 for the method of calculation.  
Note 1: This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures and at lower kinematic viscosities, but the precision is based on determinations on liquid asphalts and road oils at 60 °C [140 °F] and on asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] only in the viscosity range from 30 to 6000 mm2/s [cSt].
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1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
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1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
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