ASTM D3227-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for (Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in Gasoline, Kerosine, Aviation Turbine, and Distillate Fuels (Potentiometric Method)
Standard Test Method for (Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in Gasoline, Kerosine, Aviation Turbine, and Distillate Fuels (Potentiometric Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Mercaptan sulfur has an objectionable odor, an adverse effect on fuel system elastomers, and is corrosive to fuel system components.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of mercaptan sulfur in gasolines, kerosines, aviation turbine fuels, and distillate fuels containing from 0.0003 % to 0.01 % by mass of mercaptan sulfur. Organic sulfur compounds such as sulfides, disulfides, and thiophene, do not interfere. Elemental sulfur in amounts less than 0.0005 % by mass does not interfere. Hydrogen sulfide will interfere if not removed, as described in 10.2.
1.2 The values in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 9, 10, and Appendix X1.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3227 − 23
Designation: 342/00
Standard Test Method for
(Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in Gasoline, Kerosine, Aviation
1,2
Turbine, and Distillate Fuels (Potentiometric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3227; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of mercaptan
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
sulfur in gasolines, kerosines, aviation turbine fuels, and
D1250 Guide for the Use of the Joint API and ASTM
distillate fuels containing from 0.0003 % to 0.01 % by mass of
Adjunct for Temperature and Pressure Volume Correction
mercaptan sulfur. Organic sulfur compounds such as sulfides,
Factors for Generalized Crude Oils, Refined Products, and
disulfides, and thiophene, do not interfere. Elemental sulfur in
Lubricating Oils: API MPMS Chapter 11.1
amounts less than 0.0005 % by mass does not interfere.
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
Hydrogen sulfide will interfere if not removed, as described in
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
10.2.
ucts by Hydrometer Method
1.2 The values in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
the standard.
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
1.2.1 Exception—The values in parentheses are for informa-
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
tion only.
Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Fuels, and Lubricants
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Petroleum Products
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 9, 10, and
Measurement System Performance
Appendix X1.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3. Terminology
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1 Definitions:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
to Terminology D4175.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The hydrogen sulfide-free sample is dissolved in an
1
alcoholic sodium acetate titration solvent and titrated potentio-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM International Committee
D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct
metrically with silver nitrate solution, using as an indicator the
responsibility of ASTM Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis. The techni-
potential between a glass reference electrode and a silver/
cally equivalent standard as referenced is under the jurisdiction of the Energy
silver-sulfide indicating electrode. Under these conditions, the
Institute Subcommittee SC-G-5.
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D3227 – 16. DOI:
10.1520/D3227-23.
2 3
This test method has been developed through the cooperative effort between For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ASTM and the Energy Institute, London. ASTM and IP standards were approved by contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ASTM and EI technical committees as being technically equivalent but that does not Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
imply both standards are identical. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3227 − 23
mercaptan sulfur is precipitated as silver mercaptide and the 7.2 Water—Reagent grade, Type I, Specification D1193.
end point of the titr
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3227 − 16 D3227 − 23
Designation: 342/00
Standard Test Method for
(Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in Gasoline, Kerosine, Aviation
1,2
Turbine, and Distillate Fuels (Potentiometric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3227; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of mercaptan sulfur in gasolines, kerosines, aviation turbine fuels, and distillate
fuels containing from 0.0003 % to 0.01 % by mass of mercaptan sulfur. Organic sulfur compounds such as sulfides, disulfides, and
thiophene, do not interfere. Elemental sulfur in amounts less than 0.0005 % by mass does not interfere. Hydrogen sulfide will
interfere if not removed, as described in 9.210.2.
1.2 The values in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 67, 89, 910, and Appendix
X1.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1250 Guide for the Use of the Joint API and ASTM Adjunct for Temperature and Pressure Volume Correction Factors for
Generalized Crude Oils, Refined Products, and Lubricating Oils: API MPMS Chapter 11.1
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM International Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility
of ASTM Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis. The technically equivalent standard as referenced is under the jurisdiction of the Energy Institute Subcommittee
SC-G-5.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016May 1, 2023. Published November 2016June 2023. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20132016 as
D3227 – 13.D3227 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D3227-16. 10.1520/D3227-23.
2
This test method has been developed through the cooperative effort between ASTM and the Energy Institute, London. ASTM and IP standards were approved by ASTM
and EI technical committees as being technically equivalent but that does not imply both standards are identical.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3227 − 23
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4175.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The hydrogen sulfide-free sample is dissolved in an alcoholic sodium acetate titration solvent and titrated potentiometrically
with silver nitrate solution, using as an indicator the potential between a glass reference electrode and a silver/sil
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3227 − 23
Designation: 342/00
Standard Test Method for
(Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in Gasoline, Kerosine, Aviation
1,2
Turbine, and Distillate Fuels (Potentiometric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3227; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of mercaptan
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
sulfur in gasolines, kerosines, aviation turbine fuels, and
D1250 Guide for the Use of the Joint API and ASTM
distillate fuels containing from 0.0003 % to 0.01 % by mass of
Adjunct for Temperature and Pressure Volume Correction
mercaptan sulfur. Organic sulfur compounds such as sulfides,
Factors for Generalized Crude Oils, Refined Products, and
disulfides, and thiophene, do not interfere. Elemental sulfur in
Lubricating Oils: API MPMS Chapter 11.1
amounts less than 0.0005 % by mass does not interfere.
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
Hydrogen sulfide will interfere if not removed, as described in
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
10.2.
ucts by Hydrometer Method
1.2 The values in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
the standard.
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
1.2.1 Exception—The values in parentheses are for informa-
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
tion only.
Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Fuels, and Lubricants
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Petroleum Products
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 9, 10, and
Measurement System Performance
Appendix X1.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3. Terminology
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1 Definitions:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
to Terminology D4175.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The hydrogen sulfide-free sample is dissolved in an
1
alcoholic sodium acetate titration solvent and titrated potentio-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM International Committee
D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct
metrically with silver nitrate solution, using as an indicator the
responsibility of ASTM Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis. The techni-
potential between a glass reference electrode and a silver/
cally equivalent standard as referenced is under the jurisdiction of the Energy
silver-sulfide indicating electrode. Under these conditions, the
Institute Subcommittee SC-G-5.
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D3227 – 16. DOI:
10.1520/D3227-23.
2 3
This test method has been developed through the cooperative effort between For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ASTM and the Energy Institute, London. ASTM and IP standards were approved by contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ASTM and EI technical committees as being technically equivalent but that does not Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
imply both standards are identical. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3227 − 23
mercaptan sulfur is precipitated as silver mercaptide and the 7.2 Water—Reagent grade, Type I, Specification D1193.
end point of the titration is shown by a large change in cell
7.3 Cadmium Sulfate, Acid Solution (150 g ⁄L)—Dissolve
potential.
150 g of cadmium sulfate (3CdSO ·8H O)
...
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