ASTM E1804-16(2023)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Performing and Reporting Cost Analysis During the Design Phase of a Project
Standard Practice for Performing and Reporting Cost Analysis During the Design Phase of a Project
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice increases the level of communication, provides an organized approach to cost control during the design of a project, and also provides a means of identifying extraordinary cost items and changes in assumptions between estimates.
5.2 The users of this practice include owners, developers, contractors, cost professionals, estimators, architects, engineers, specification writers, quantity surveyors, and anyone charged with the responsibility of successfully managing the design of a building and its related site work within a specified project budget.
5.3 Use this reporting format during the following:
5.3.1 Contracting for design cost analysis services,
5.3.2 Comparing the current design costs to a previous estimate, and
5.3.3 Responding to each design phase.
5.4 This practice provides a tool for analyzing design options and examining strategies to maintain the project budget.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers an arranged method for providing cost analysis during the design phase of a building project.
1.2 The use of this practice increases the level of communication between the design professional, owner, and the cost professional providing the cost consulting services.
1.3 The practice establishes a structured method to support design decisions.
1.4 The practice provides design and cost professionals with a framework for historically tabulating information to be used on relevant future projects.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1804 − 16 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Practice for
Performing and Reporting Cost Analysis During the Design
Phase of a Project
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1804; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of general terms related to
1.1 This practice covers an arranged method for providing
building construction used in this practice, refer to Terminol-
cost analysis during the design phase of a building project.
ogy E631; and for general terms related to building economics,
1.2 The use of this practice increases the level of commu-
refer to Terminology E833.
nication between the design professional, owner, and the cost
professional providing the cost consulting services. 4. Summary of Practice
4.1 This practice provides an organized approach for cost
1.3 The practice establishes a structured method to support
analysis during the design phase of a building project. The
design decisions.
practice presents the necessary information for the design
1.4 The practice provides design and cost professionals with
professional and owners to make decisions.
a framework for historically tabulating information to be used
4.2 This practice establishes a recommended procedure for
on relevant future projects.
formatting the final project information for its use in forecast-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
ing the cost of future projects.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5. Significance and Use
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.1 This practice increases the level of communication,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical provides an organized approach to cost control during the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. design of a project, and also provides a means of identifying
extraordinary cost items and changes in assumptions between
2. Referenced Documents estimates.
5.2 The users of this practice include owners, developers,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
contractors, cost professionals, estimators, architects,
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
engineers, specification writers, quantity surveyors, and any-
E833 Terminology of Building Economics
one charged with the responsibility of successfully managing
E1369 Guide for Selecting Techniques for Treating Uncer-
the design of a building and its related site work within a
tainty and Risk in the Economic Evaluation of Buildings
specified project budget.
and Building Systems
E1557 Classification for Building Elements and Related 5.3 Use this reporting format during the following:
Sitework—UNIFORMAT II
5.3.1 Contracting for design cost analysis services,
E2514 Practice for Presentation Format of Elemental Cost 5.3.2 Comparing the current design costs to a previous
Estimates, Summaries, and Analyses
estimate, and
5.3.3 Responding to each design phase.
5.4 This practice provides a tool for analyzing design
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor- options and examining strategies to maintain the project
mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.81 on
budget.
Building Economics.
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally
6. Types of Estimates and Level of Detail
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as E1804 – 16. DOI:
10.1520/E1804-16R23.
6.1 Purpose of Estimate:
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1.1 The cost analysis procedure consists of providing
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
information in text and estimate form at the completion of each
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. significant phase of the design process: program, schematic,
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1804 − 16 (2023)
design development, and construction documents. Apply this 6.5.1 The construction document’s estimate is the final
format for each component when the construction project is estimate of a project’s construction costs based on detailed
comprised of several definable building types. project information. Prepare quantity information in Master-
6.1.2 Comparisons of UNIFORMAT II estimates to a con- Format. Subdivide pricing into material, labor, and equipment
costs.
tractor’s proposal will require the estimate to be resummarized
to MasterFormat. 6.5.2 Use MasterFormat to compare the final construction
document’s estimate to the design development estimate.
6.2 Program Phase Estimate:
Calculate the design allowance using risk evaluation tech-
6.2.1 The program/predesign estimate includes construction
niques in 7.7 of Guide E1369.
costs, construction impact fees, and construction related ex-
6.5.3 Reformat the construction document’s estimate to
penditures. It is prepared from the early stage of the design
UNIFORMAT II, Level 2 (Classification E1557) to provide
process to assemble project data in a systematic format from
historical data for future building costs.
established project criteria. The resulting report provides the
baseline criteria and costs for the design team.
6.6 Reconciliation of Estimate with General Contractor:
6.2.2 The program predesign estimate is prepared in an 6.6.1 Reconciliation—Comparison of independent estimates
elemental form using UNIFORMAT II (Classification E1557
for the project. Summarize estimates using MasterFormat to
and Practice E2514). Elemental analysis allows the estimate to facilitate comparison with the general contractor’s format.
be prepared using basic elements, costs per square foot (meter)
6.6.2 Reconciliation of estimates can be required at any
of gross floor area, ratios, and, where necessary, lump sum
design phase.
allowances. Calculate the design allowance using risk evalua-
tion techniques as described in 7.7 of Guide E1369.
7. Report Format
6.3 Schematic Design Phase Estimate:
7.1 Use this standard format for every cost report and
6.3.1 The schematic design estimate provides for the first
expand as necessary to respond to project requirements.
cost analysis based on project specific design criteria. Prepare
7.1.1 Title Page—Report the following information:
the estimate in UNIFORMAT II, Level 3 (Classification E1557
7.1.1.1 Name of the project,
and Practice E2514) based on preliminary floor plans, prelimi-
7.1.1.2 Location of the project,
nary specification outlines, general finish schedule information,
7.1.1.3 Type of estimate,
and typical structural, mechanical, and electrical information.
7.1.1.4 Date of the estimate report,
Use building parameters in establishing the project base line
7.1.1.5 Design team name and address,
costs. When specific criteria are not yet established, use target
7.1.1.6 Cost consulting firm’s name and address, and
costs (allowances). Target costs provide design team guidance
7.1.1.7 Owner name and address (unless confidential).
during the continuation of the design. Calculate the design
7.1.2 Table of Contents—Include the name of each section
allowance using risk evaluation techniques in 7.7 of Guide
and page number.
E1369.
7.1.3 Task Outline—Briefly describe the cost assignment
6.3.2 Compare the schematic design estimate to the pro-
undertaken by the firm.
gram estimate. The comparison provides information to the
7.1.4 Project Description—Briefly describe the project
design professional on the changes since the last estimate.
location, site area, site development, building size and
6.4 Design Development Phase Estimate:
function, exterior materials, interior finishes, and special func-
6.4.1 Preparation of the design development estimate in-
tions of the facility.
cludes the quantifying of key building elements. Quantities of
7.1.5 Notes Concerning the Estimate—Include
materials are calculated and multiplied by material and labor
observations, assumptions, and information obtained from the
unit prices to develop the total cost for each element. Use this
design professionals, site observations, and research conducted
method to arrive at a total cost for each element. Quantify and
for this project. Include opinions and project documentation
price key building systems to replace the building parameters
obtained from sources other than the current construction
used in the previous estimate. Calculate the design allowance
documents. The following outline is a basis for organizing the
using risk evaluati
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