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ASTM D2066-07

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Relative Tinting Strength of Paste-Type Printing Ink Dispersions

Standard Test Methods for Relative Tinting Strength of Paste-Type Printing Ink Dispersions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Tinting strength is an essential property of printing ink dispersions. Although test results on wet drawdowns and tints do not guarantee equivalency of dry printed ink films, they provide useful parameters for quality assurance of established formulations, gaging relative degree of dispersion, and estimating the color value of colorants from different batches, sources, or grades.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determining the relative tinting strength of paste-type printing ink dispersions by visual or instrumental evaluation of tints prepared by manual or automated mixing.
1.2 These test methods are applicable to paste-type printing inks, flushed pigments, and other pigment dispersions that are essentially nonvolatile under ordinary room conditions and for which there is a wet reference standard of the same pigmentation and consistency. With proper choice of tinting base, they are applicable to dispersions of any color, including black and white. Note 1 - The instrumental procedures for tinting strength are similar in principle to those described in Test Methods D 387, D 2745, D 4838, and D 6531.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2007
ICS
87.080 - Inks. Printing inks
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.56 - Printing Inks
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2066-06 - Standard Test Methods for Relative Tinting Strength of Paste-Type Printing Ink Dispersions
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Replaced By
ASTM D2066-07(2012) - Standard Test Methods for Relative Tinting Strength of Paste-Type Printing Ink Dispersions
Effective Date
01-Jun-2012
Referred By
ASTM D6531-00(2019) - Standard Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of Aqueous Ink Systems by Instrumental Measurement
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM D7188-05(2019) - Standard Terminology for Printing Inks, Materials, and Processes
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM D6336-11(2021) - Standard Practice for Evaluation of Flushing Vehicles for Pigment Wetting Using a Vacuum Modified Sigma Blade Mixer
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007

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ASTM D2066-07 - Standard Test Methods for Relative Tinting Strength of Paste-Type Printing Ink DispersionsASTM D2066-07 - Standard Test Methods for Relative Tinting Strength of Paste-Type Printing Ink Dispersions
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ASTM D2066-07 - Standard Test Methods for Relative Tinting Strength of Paste-Type Printing Ink Dispersions
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2066 − 07
StandardTest Methods for
Relative Tinting Strength of Paste-Type Printing Ink
1
Dispersions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2066; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color
Coordinates
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determining
D2745Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White
the relative tinting strength of paste-type printing ink disper-
Pigments by Reflectance Measurements
sions by visual or instrumental evaluation of tints prepared by
D4838Test Method for Determining the Relative Tinting
manual or automated mixing.
Strength of Chromatic Paints
1.2 These test methods are applicable to paste-type printing
D6531Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of Aque-
inks, flushed pigments, and other pigment dispersions that are
ous Ink Systems by Instrumental Measurement
essentially nonvolatile under ordinary room conditions and for
E284Terminology of Appearance
which there is a wet reference standard of the same pigmen-
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
tationandconsistency.Withproperchoiceoftintingbase,they
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
are applicable to dispersions of any color, including black and
E1331Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by
white.
Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry
E1347Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-
NOTE1—Theinstrumentalproceduresfortintingstrengtharesimilarin
principle to those described in Test Methods D387, D2745, D4838, and
surement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
D6531.
E1349Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional (45°:0° or 0°:45°)
Geometry
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3
only.
2.2 ANSI Standards:
PH 2.17Geometric Conditions for Reflection Density
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
PH2.18SpectralConditionsfortheMeasurementofOptical
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Density
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
PH 2.30 Viewing Conditions for Graphic Arts and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Photography—ColorPrints,TransparenciesandPhotome-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
chanical Reproductions
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions relating to color attributes and color differ-
D16TerminologyforPaint,RelatedCoatings,Materials,and
ences are covered in Terminology D16 and E284.
Applications
D387Test Method for Color and Strength of Chromatic
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Pigments with a Mechanical Muller
3.2.1 masstone (or masscolor), n—the color of a material
D2244Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and
that is thick enough to mask any background.
3.2.2 tinting strength, n—the ability of a material to impart
its color to a standard base; the reciprocal of the relative
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
concentration required to match the reference material in a
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
standard base.
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks.
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally
3.2.3 undertone (or undercolor), n—the color of a thin film
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D2066–06. DOI:
of a material.
10.1520/D2066-07.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2066 − 07
4. Summary of Test Methods 6.5 Putty Knife, with an 80 to 120 mm wide blade having a
smooth straight edge (for use as a drawdown blade).
4.1 Thin and thick films of the standard and unknown
dispersions are drawn down in juxtaposition on bond and on 6.6 Standard Daylight, preferably a D50 light source con-
coated paper. Visual evaluation of the relative undertone and forming to ANSI Sta
...

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5.1 Inadequate setting or drying of sheetfed inks, or both, can cause blocking of stacked prints with subsequent loss of product. “Setting” of an ink refers to the rapid rise in viscosity of the printed ink film, sometimes accompanied by surface drying, that prevents transference of the undried ink film to adjacent surfaces under light pressure. “Setting” is a property of the ink-substrate combination. Inadequate drying may be due to several factors, but the primary causes are: (1) omission of metallic driers from the ink, improper ink formulation (2) unusual ink-substrate interactions, and (3) use of a fountain solution that is too acidic. If the test prints are made on a standard laboratory proof press, where there is no application of fountain solution, then only the first three possible causes can be evaluated. If the prints have been made on a commercial production printing press or some other acceptable means of introducing the fountain solution into the ink agreed upon, then the effect of fountain solution can be determined. It will often be necessary to run several tests to isolate the specific cause of a drying problem.  
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5.1 Oversize particles in a printing ink may damage a printing plate, plug a cell, clog a nozzle and adversely affect the appearance of printed ink films. Fineness of grind measurements are useful for deciding when to stop the dispersion process and for determining if the test material meets specifications as agreed upon between the supplier and the customer.
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1.1 This test method describes the procedure for determining the fineness of grind of printing inks using a NPIRI Grindometer. It evaluates the size of the largest particles in a finished dispersion but not average particle size or concentration of sizes.  
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ASTM D6488-08(2020)(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Relating to Print Problems

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3.1 A common set of definitions is essential to improve communication and avoid misunderstanding among ink makers, substrate makers, and printers.  
3.2 The term “paper” in this standard also encompasses the term “paperboard.”  
3.3 Definitions that are verbatim from one of the referenced sources are indicated by giving the acronym of the organization or the author of the book at the end of the definition.
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1.1 This terminology standard gives definitions for problems that develop with printed matter as a result of deficiencies in the ink, substrate, press, or combinations thereof.  
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ASTM D6688-20(Practice)
Standard Practice for Relative Resistance of Printed Matter to Liquid Chemicals by a Sandwich Technique

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Many types of printed matter, notably container labels, packaging materials, magazine and book covers, must be resistant to liquid materials that may contact them advertently or inadvertently. This practice permits an assessment of resistance of printed matter to several types of liquids.  
4.2 The requirement that a reference print be run at the same time as the test print minimizes effects of atmospheric conditions (humidity and temperature) and other variations which may develop.  
4.3 This practice can be used to determine whether new formulations are suitable for the end-use purpose and for specification acceptance between producer and user.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation of the relative resistance of printed matter to liquid chemicals, as evidenced by lack of discoloration, bleeding, or loss of gloss.  
1.2 This practice utilizes a sandwich procedure similar in principle to ISO/TC 130 N 589. Spotting or immersion procedures are covered in Test Methods D1308, D1647, and D2248.  
1.3 This practice is applicable to prints on any flat substrate including paper, paperboard, metallic foil, metal plate, and plastic films, and produced by any printing process including letterpress, offset lithography, flexography, gravure, silk screen, and non-impact.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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