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ASTM D2504-88(2010)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C2 and Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography

Standard Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C<sub>2</sub> and Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The presence of trace amounts of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon monoxide can have deleterious effects in certain processes using hydrocarbon products as feed stock. This test method is suitable for setting specifications, for use as an internal quality control tool and for use in development or research work.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon monoxide in the parts per million volume (ppmv) range in C2 and lighter hydrocarbon products. This test method should be applicable to light hydrocarbons other than ethylene, but the test program did not include them.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For some specific hazard statements, see the Annex A1.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2010
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.D0.02 - Ethylene
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2504-88(2004)e1 - Standard Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C<sub>2</sub> and Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Replaced By
ASTM D2504-88(2015) - Standard Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C<inf>2</inf> and Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Referred By
ASTM D5234-92(2017) - Standard Guide for Analysis of Ethylene Product
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM E1747-95(2019) - Standard Guide for Purity of Carbon Dioxide Used in Supercritical Fluid Applications
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM D6159-23 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbon Impurities in Ethylene by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM D5273-18 - Standard Guide for Analysis of Propylene Concentrates
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM D2505-88(2015) - Standard Test Method for Ethylene, Other Hydrocarbons, and Carbon Dioxide in High-Purity Ethylene by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-May-2010

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ASTM D2504-88(2010) - Standard Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C<sub>2</sub> and Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas ChromatographyASTM D2504-88(2010) - Standard Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C<sub>2</sub> and Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography
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ASTM D2504-88(2010) - Standard Test Method for Noncondensable Gases in C<sub>2</sub> and Lighter Hydrocarbon Products by Gas Chromatography
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2504 − 88(Reapproved 2010)
Standard Test Method for
Noncondensable Gases in C and Lighter Hydrocarbon
2
1
Products by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2504; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope concentration of the gases to be determined is calculated from
the recorded peak heights or peak areas.Argon can be used as
1.1 This test method covers the determination of hydrogen,
a carrier gas for the determination of hydrogen in concentra-
nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon monoxide in the parts per million
tions below 100 ppmv. Argon, if present in the sample,
volume (ppmv) range in C and lighter hydrocarbon products.
2
interferes with oxygen determination.
This test method should be applicable to light hydrocarbons
other than ethylene, but the test program did not include them.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4.1 Thepresenceoftraceamountsofhydrogen,oxygen,and
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
carbon monoxide can have deleterious effects in certain pro-
only.
cesses using hydrocarbon products as feed stock. This test
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
method is suitable for setting specifications, for use as an
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
internal quality control tool and for use in development or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
research work.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For some specific
5. Apparatus
hazard statements, see the Annex A1.
5.1 Chromatograph—Any chromatographic instrument
2. Referenced Documents
havingeitherathermalconductivityorionizationdetectorwith
2
an overall sensitivity sufficient to detect 2 ppmv or less of the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
compounds listed in the scope, with a peak height of at least 2
D2505 Test Method for Ethylene, Other Hydrocarbons, and
mm without loss of resolution.
Carbon Dioxide in High-Purity Ethylene by Gas Chroma-
tography
5.2 Detectors—Thermal Conductivity—If a methanation re-
E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
actor is used, a flame ionization detector is also required. To
F307 Practice for Sampling Pressurized Gas for Gas Analy-
determine carbon monoxide with a flame ionization detector, a
sis
methanation reactor must be inserted between the column and
3
2.2 Other Standard:
the detector and hydrogen added as a reduction gas. Details on
Compressed GasAssociation Booklets G-4 and G-4.1 on the
the preparation and use of the reactor are given in Appendix
use of oxygen.
X1.
3. Summary of Test Method 5.3 Constant-Volume Gas Sampling Valve.
3.1 The sample is separated in a gas-solid chromatographic
5.4 Column—Any column or set of columns that is capable
system using molecular sieves as the solid adsorbent. The
of resolving the components listed in the scope can be used.
Copper, stainless steel, or aluminum tubing may be used. The
1 columns chosen must afford a resolution such that the depth of
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of the valleys ahead of the trace peak is no less than 50 % of the
Subcommittee D02.D0.02 on Ethylene.
trace peak height.
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originally
E1
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D2504 – 88 (2004) .
5.5 Recorder—A recorder with a full-scale response of 2 s
DOI: 10.1520/D2504-88R10.
or less and a maximum rate of noise of 60.3 % of full scale.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.6 Oven—The oven used for activating molecular sieves
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
must be maintained at 260 to 288°C (500 to 550°F) and should
the ASTM website.
3 bedesignedsothatthegasesmaybedisplacedcontinuouslyby
Available from Compressed Gas Association (CGA), 4221 Walney Rd., 5th
Floor, Chantilly, VA 20151-2923, http://www.cganet.com. a stream of inert gas. The oven may be a thermostated piece of
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2504 − 88 (2010)
1-in. pipe about 0.3 m (1 ft) in length. Electrical heating tapes erate the column in the oven in the same manner as
...

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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent extractables in petroleum waxes.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the color of refined oils such as undyed motor and aviation gasoline, jet propulsion fuels, naphthas and kerosine, and, in addition, petroleum waxes and pharmaceutical white oils.  
Note 1: For determining the color of petroleum products darker than Saybolt Color − 16, see Test Method D1500.  
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1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units or in SI units and which are not in parentheses are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
Note 2: Oil tubes and apparatus used in this test method have traditionally been marked in inches, (the tube is required to be etched with 1/8 in. divisions.) The Saybolt Color Numbers are aligned with inch, 1/2 in., 1/4 in., and 1/8 in. changes in the depth of oil. These fractional inch changes do not readily correspond to SI equivalents and in view of the preponderance of apparatus already in use and marked in inches, the inch/pound unit is regarded as the standard. However the test method does use SI units of length when the length is not directly related to divisions on the oil tube and Saybolt Color Numbers. The test method uses SI units for temperature.  
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Standard Practice for Calculating Viscosity of a Blend of Petroleum Products

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5.1 Predicting the viscosity of a blend of components is a common problem. Both the Wright Blending Method and the ASTM Blending Method, described in this practice, may be used to solve this problem.  
5.2 The inverse problem, predicating the required blend fractions of components to meet a specified viscosity at a given temperature may also be solved using either the Inverse Wright Blending Method or the Inverse ASTM Blending Method.  
5.3 The Wright Blending Methods are generally preferred since they have a firmer basis in theory, and are more accurate. The Wright Blending Methods require component viscosities to be known at two temperatures. The ASTM Blending Methods are mathematically simpler and may be used when viscosities are known at a single temperature.  
5.4 Although this practice was developed using kinematic viscosity and volume fraction of each component, the dynamic viscosity or mass fraction, or both, may be used instead with minimal error if the densities of the components do not differ greatly. For fuel blends, it was found that viscosity blending using mass fractions gave more accurate results. For base stock blends, there was no significant difference between mass fraction and volume fraction calculations.  
5.5 The calculations described in this practice have been computerized as a spreadsheet and are available as an adjunct.3
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.  
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.  
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to other types of products, or to materials which exhibit strong non-Newtonian properties, such as viscosity index improvers, additive packages, and products containing particulates.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.  
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ASTM D4952-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sulfur present as mercaptans or as hydrogen sulfide in distillate fuels and solvents can attack many metallic and non-metallic materials in fuel and other distribution systems. A negative result in the doctor test ensures that the concentration of these compounds is insufficient to cause such problems in normal use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is intended primarily for the detection of mercaptans in motor fuel, kerosine, and similar petroleum products. This method may also provide information on hydrogen sulfide and elemental sulfur that may be present in these sample types.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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ASTM D2887-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions provides an insight into the composition of feedstocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. The gas chromatographic simulation of this determination can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.  
5.3 Procedure B was tested with biodiesel mixtures and reports the Boiling Point Distribution of FAME esters of vegetable and animal origin mixed with ultra low sulfur diesel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538 °C (1000 °F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55.5 °C (100 °F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.
Note 1: Since a boiling range is the difference between two temperatures, only the constant of 1.8 °F/°C is used in the conversion of the temperature range from one system of units to another.  
1.1.1 Procedure A (Sections 6 – 14)—Allows a larger selection of columns and analysis conditions such as packed and capillary columns as well as a Thermal Conductivity Detector in addition to the Flame Ionization Detector. Analysis times range from 14 min to 60 min.  
1.1.2 Procedure B (Sections 15 – 23)—Is restricted to only 3 capillary columns and requires no sample dilution. In addition, Procedure B is used not only for the sample types described in Procedure A but also for the analysis of samples containing biodiesel mixtures B5, B10, and B20. The analysis time, when using Procedure B (Accelerated D2887), is reduced to about 8 min.  
1.2 This test method is not to be used for the analysis of gasoline samples or gasoline components. These types of samples must be analyzed by Test Method D7096.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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    English language
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  • Standard
    35 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off