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ASTM C149-86(2000)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers

Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative resistance of commercial glass containers (bottles and jars) to thermal shock and is intended to apply to all types of glass containers that are required to withstand sudden temperature changes (thermal shock) in service such as in washing, pasteurization, or hot pack processes, or in being transferred from a warm to a colder medium or vice versa .  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-1999
ICS
81.040.30 - Glass products
Technical Committee
C14 - Glass and Glass Products
Drafting Committee
C14.07 - Glass Containers
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C149-86(1995) - Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Jan-2000
Replaced By
ASTM C149-86(2005) - Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Sep-2005
Referred By
ASTM C224-78(2020) - Standard Practice for Sampling Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Jan-2000
Referred By
ASTM F2179-20 - Standard Specification for Annealed Soda-Lime-Silicate Glass Containers That Are Produced for Use as Candle Containers
Effective Date
01-Jan-2000

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ASTM C149-86(2000) - Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass ContainersASTM C149-86(2000) - Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers
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ASTM C149-86(2000) - Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C149–86 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Test Method for
Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 149; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope and the cooling of the cold water are recommended. Otherwise
dial thermometers should be attached and the temperatures
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative
controlled manually.
resistance of commercial glass containers (bottles and jars) to
3.3 The capacity of each tank shall be at least 3.8 L (1 gal)
thermal shock and is intended to apply to all types of glass
for each 0.45 kg (1 lb) of glass tested.
containers that are required to withstand sudden temperature
changes (thermal shock) in service such as in washing,
4. Sampling
pasteurization, or hot pack processes, or in being transferred
4.1 Methods of sampling a minimum lot from a group of
from a warm to a colder medium or vice versa.
containers of a given type are given in Practice C 224, for the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
various situations to which it may apply.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
5. Procedure
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 Adjustthetemperaturesofthebathssothatthecoldbath
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
is at 21°C (70°F) and the hot bath is at a temperature hotter
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
thanthecoldbathbyaspecifieddifferential.(Inmostcasesthis
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
differential will be 42°C (75°F) for the first immersion (Note
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1). Fill, or partially fill, the basket, with empty bottles, and
when the temperatures of the baths are within 6 1.1°C (2°F) of
2. Referenced Documents
those specified immerse the basket in the hot bath in such a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 manner that the bottles become completely filled with hot
C 224 Practice for Sampling Glass Containers
water, allow to soak for 5 min, transfer to the cold bath, and
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
immerse for 30 s, and then remove from the cold bath. Control
C 149Apparatusforthermalshocktestofglasscontainers(6
3 the 5-min immersion in the hot bath within 10 s, and the time
Drawings)
of transfer from the hot to the cold bath shall be 15 61s.
3. Apparatus During the test, protect the apparatus from drafts in a sheltered
area. Observe the number of containers failing in the test by
3.1 The apparatus shall consist essentially of a basket for
individual inspection of each.
holding the glassware upright, two tanks, one containing hot
water and one containing cold water, and an automatically
NOTE 1—If a cold bath temperature other than 21°C (70°F) is used, the
timed means for immersing and transferring the basket of
specifieddifferentialmaybedecreased(increased)by0.5°C(1°F)foreach
increase (decrease) of 5.6°C (10°F) above (below) the recommended cold
bottles from the hot to the cold bath. A suitable type of
bath temperature.
apparatus is illustrated in Fig. 1.
3.2 A device shall be provided to maintain the temperature
5.2 Use one of the following test procedures depending
of the baths within 61.1°C (2°F) of the specified temperatures.
upon the purpose of the test.
Indicating controllers that control the heating of the hot water
5.2.1 Pass Test—Apply the test at a predetermined differ-
ential. This pass test is sufficient for the routine testing of
samples from continuous production in a manufacturer’s plant.
This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-14 on Glass and
5.2.2 Progressive Test (to a Predete
...

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1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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Standard Test Method for Thermal Shock Resistance of Glass Containers

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of the relative thermal shock resistance of commercial bottles and jars and is intended to apply to all types of glass containers that are required to withstand sudden changes in temperature in service. The test apparatus consists essentially of a basket for holding the glassware upright, a hot water tank, a cold water tank, and a timed means for immersing and transferring the basket from the hot to the cold bath. Indicating controllers or dial thermometers should be used to maintain the temperatures of the baths. Test procedures included in this specification include pass tests, progressive tests to a predetermined percent of breakage, total progressive tests, and high-level tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative resistance of commercial glass containers (bottles and jars) to thermal shock and is intended to apply to all types of glass containers that are required to withstand sudden temperature changes (thermal shock) in service such as in washing, pasteurization, or hot pack processes, or in being transferred from a warm to a colder medium or vice versa.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C693-93(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density of Glass by Buoyancy

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4.1 Density as a fundamental property of glass has basic significance. It is useful in the physical description of the glass and as essential data for research, development, engineering, and production.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of glasses at or near 25 °C, by buoyancy.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C1048-18(Specification)
Standard Specification for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tempered Flat Glass

ABSTRACT
This specification covers heat-treated flat glass - kind HS, kind FT coated and uncoated glass used in general building construction. Glass furnished under this specification shall be of the following conditions: condition A - uncoated surfaces, condition B - spandrel glass, one surface ceramic coated, and condition C - other coated glass. Flat glass furnished under this specification shall be of the following kinds: kind HS - heat-strengthened glass shall be flat glass, either transparent or patterned, in accordance with the applicable requirements, and kind FT - fully tempered glass shall be flat glass, either transparent or patterned in accordance with the applicable requirements. All fabrication, such as cutting to overall dimensions, edgework, drilled holes, notching, grinding, sandblasting, and etching, shall be performed before strengthening or tempering and shall be as specified. Requirements for fittings and hardware shall be as specified. In heat-strengthened and fully tempered glass, a strain pattern, which is not normally visible, may become visible under certain light conditions. The support system and the amount of glass deflection for a given set of wind-load conditions must be considered for design purposes. Heat-treated flat glass cannot be cut after tempering. Heat-treated glass can be furnished with holes, notches, cutouts, and bevels. The expansion fit and porosity of the ceramic coating shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. Specimens for evaluation of resistance to alkali and acid shall be prepared and tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for monolithic flat heat-strengthened and fully tempered coated and uncoated glass produced on a horizontal tempering system used in general building construction and other applications.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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6.2 Use of this practice assumes:  
6.2.1 The glass is free of edge damage and is properly glazed.  
6.2.2 The glass has not been subjected to abuse.  
6.2.3 The surface condition of the glass is typical of glass that has been in service for several years, and is weaker than freshly manufactured glass due to minor abrasions on exposed surfaces.  
6.2.4 The glass edge support system is sufficiently stiff to limit the lateral deflections of the supported glass edges to no more than 1/175 of their lengths. The specified design load shall be used for this calculation.  
6.2.5 The deflection of glass or support system, or both, shall not result in loss of glass edge support. The glass bite reduction or pullout shall be considered using the method referenced in (1).3
Note 2: Glass deflections are to be reviewed. This practice does not address aesthetic issues caused by glass deflection.
Note 3: This practice does not consider the effects of deflection on insulating glass unit seal performance.
Note 4: The designer/engineer must determine what constitutes sufficient glass edge support based on Annex A1, Non-Factored Load Charts.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures to determine the load resistance (LR) of specified glass types, including combinations of glass types used in a sealed insulating glass (IG) unit, exposed to a uniform lateral load of short or long duration, for a specified probability of breakage.  
1.2 This practice applies to vertical and sloped glazing in buildings for which the specified design loads consist of wind load, snow load and self-weight with a total combined magnitude less than or equal to 15 kPa (315 psf). This practice shall not apply to other applications including, but not limited to, balustrades, glass floor panels, aquariums, structural glass members, and glass shelves.  
1.3 This practice applies only to monolithic and laminated glass constructions of rectangular shape with continuous lateral support along one, two, three, or four edges. This practice assumes that (1) the supported glass edges for two, three, and four-sided support conditions are simply supported and free to slip in plane; (2) glass supported on two sides acts as a simply supported beam; and (3) glass supported on one side acts as a cantilever. For insulating glass units, this practice only applies to insulating glass units with four-sided edge support.  
1.4 This practice does not apply to any form of wired, patterned, sandblasted, drilled, notched, or grooved glass. This practice does not apply to glass with surface or edge treatments that reduce the glass strength.
Note 1: Ceramic enamel is known to affect glass load resistance. Consult the manufacturer for guidance.  
1.5 This practice addresses only the determination of the resistance of glass to uniform lateral loads. The final thickness and type of glass selected also depends upon a variety of other factors (see 6.3).  
1.6 Charts in this practice provide a means to determine approximate maximum lateral glass deflection. Appendix X1 provides additional procedures to determine maximu...

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