ASTM B208-96

Standard Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens for Copper-Base Alloys for Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, and Continuous Castings

SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes procedures for preparing test coupons and specimens (machined and unmachined) for tension tests of copper alloys for sand, permanent mold, centrifugal and continuous castings.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Apr-1996
• ICS: 77.040.10 - Mechanical testing of metals
• ICS: 77.150.30 - Copper products
• Technical Committee: B05 - Copper and Copper Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B05.05 - Castings and Ingots for Remelting

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM B208-96(2003) - Standard Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens for Copper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, and Continuous Castings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B271/B271M-18 - Standard Specification for Copper-Base Alloy Centrifugal Castings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996
• Referred By: ASTM B30-23 - Standard Specification for Copper Alloys in Ingot and Other Remelt Forms
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996
• Referred By: ASTM B61-15(2021) - Standard Specification for Steam or Valve Bronze Castings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996
• Referred By: ASTM B62-17 - Standard Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce Metal Castings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996
• Referred By: ASTM B369/B369M-20 - Standard Specification for Copper-Nickel Alloy Castings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996
• Referred By: ASTM B824-17 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996
• Referred By: ASTM B148-18 - Standard Specification for Aluminum-Bronze Sand Castings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996
• Referred By: ASTM B505/B505M-22 - Standard Specification for Copper Alloy Continuous Castings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996
• Referred By: ASTM B770-21 - Standard Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Sand Castings for General Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996
• Referred By: ASTM B584-22 - Standard Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for General Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996
• Referred By: ASTM B427-21 - Standard Specification for Gear Bronze Alloy Castings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996
• Referred By: ASTM B806-14(2022) - Standard Specification for Copper Alloy Permanent Mold Castings for General Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996
• Referred By: ASTM B763/B763M-15(2022) - Standard Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for Valve Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1996

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: B 208 – 96 Endorsed by
American Foundrymen’s Society
Standard Practice for
Preparing Tension Test Specimens for Copper Alloy Sand,
Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, and Continuous Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 208; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope length of the keel blocks in Fig. 1A may be reduced to 6 ⁄4in.
(159 mm). See Appendix X1. for SI equivalents.
1.1 This practice establishes procedures for preparing test
4.1.2 Low-Shrinkage Sand-Cast Alloys— The test specimen
coupons and specimens (machined and unmachined) for ten-
coupons for copper casting alloys exhibiting low shrinkage
sion tests of copper alloys for sand, permanent mold, centrifu-
during freezing and cooling shall be cast to the form and
gal and continuous castings.
dimensions shown in Fig. 2 (A or B), Fig. 3, or Fig. 4 or as may
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are the standard.
be prescribed in the casting specifications.
SI values given in parentheses are for information only.
4.2 Centrifugal Castings—Unless otherwise specified by
2. Terminology the purchaser, the manufacturer shall pour the test bars in the
same type of mold as the castings themselves. That is, test bars
2.1 Definitions of terms relating to copper alloys can be
for sand mold castings shall be poured in sand molds, and test
found in Terminology B 846.
bars for chill mold castings shall be poured in chill molds.
3. Significance and Use
4.2.1 The centrifugally cast test specimen coupons shall be
cast to the form and dimensions of Fig. 5.
3.1 The mechanical properties determined from test bars for
4.3 Continuous Castings—Test bars shall be taken from the
sand, permanent mold, and centrifugal castings poured in
continuous cast product. Test bars may be taken before
accordance with this practice represent the properties of the
mechanical straightening.
metal going into castings poured from the same heat. These
4.3.1 Test bar coupons shall be taken in a longitudinal
mechanical properties may not be the same as the properties of
direction from the continuous cast product at the mid-wall of
the corresponding castings because of the solidification effects
hollow castings or at one-half the distance between the center
of varying size, section, and design.
and the side of solid castings as illustrated in Fig. 6.
3.2 Test bars for continuous castings are taken from the
4.3.2 For irregular shapes, the location of the test bar
castings and therefore represent the properties of the castings.
coupon shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and
4. Test Coupons
purchaser.
4.3.3 Transverse test specimens are allowed for continuous
4.1 Sand Castings—The test bar coupons shall be made by
cast product having a cross section thickness, diameter, or wall
the same manufacturing process as the castings they represent
of 4 in. or more. The cross sections are the diameter of a round
wherever possible. If the castings are cast entirely in green
solid, the distance across flats of a solid hexagon, the thickness
sand, partial cores shall be permitted for the test bars but in no
of a rectangle, and the wall thickness of a tube.
case shall chills be permitted. Unless otherwise agreed upon
4.4 Permanent Mold Castings—The test bar coupons shall
between the manufacturer and purchaser, test bars may be
be made in the permanent die for test bars shown in Fig. 7. The
poured in cores on a production line. The use of filters in the
runner, gate, and risers shall be coated with an insulating spray.
gating system is permitted.
The test bar cavity shall be coated with a graphite spray. Test
4.1.1 High-Shrinkage Sand-Cast Alloys— The test speci-
bar casting shall be poured in the tilted position and rotated to
men coupons for copper casting alloys exhibiting high shrink-
the vertical position during pouring.
age during freezing and cooling shall be cast to the form and
dimensions shown in Fig. 1 (A or B) or 2 (A or B). If specimens
5. Test Specimens
having threaded ends are to be used in the tension tests, the
5.1 Sand Cast—Tension test specimens shall be machined
from the coupons described in 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 and shown in
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-5 on Copper and
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and Fig. 3. They shall be of the form and
Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 on Castings
dimensions shown in Fig. 8 for the 0.500-in. standard test bar
and Ingots for Remelting.
specimen.
Current edition approved April 10, 1996. Published June 1996. Originally
e1
published as B 208 – 46 T. Last previous edition B 208 – 91 .
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
B 208
(a) Bottom Gating
(b) Bottom Gating (Lower Weight Version)
NOTE 1—Where this type of test bar design is used, bottom gating is recommended for alloys such as aluminum bronze, where turbulence and oxidation
are factors.
FIG. 1 Double Keel Block Test Bar
5.1.1 In the case of test specimens prepared from the 5.3 Continuous Cast—Tension test specimens shall be ma-
coupons in Fig. 4, the manufacturer shall have the option of
chined from the continuous cast product as described in 4.3.1
testing the specimens without machining the gage length. If the
and shown in Fig. 6. They shall be of the form and dimensions
specimens are machined, the gage length, parallel sections, and
as shown in Fig. 8.
fillets shall be machined to the dimensions shown in Fig. 8.
5.4 Permanent Mold—Tension test specimens shall be cut
5.2 Centrifugally Cast—Tension test specimens shall be
from the test bar coupon shown in Fig. 7 and shall be of the
machined from the coupons described in 4.2.1 and shown in
form and dimensions shown in Fig. 9.
Fig. 5. They shall be of the form and dimensions shown in Fig.
8. NOTE 1—The dimensions for the die shown in Fig. 7 are “standard
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
B 208
FIG. 2a Double Horizontal Full-Web Type Test Bars
FIG. 2 b Triple Full-Web Type Test Bar
rule.” After solidification and cooling a tension test specimen of the form
6. Keywords
and dimensions of Fig. 9 will be produced by the die shown in Fig. 7.
6.1 copper alloys; copper alloy castings; tension test speci-
5.4.1
...