ASTM D5610-94e1
(Guide)Standard Guide for Defining Initial Conditions in Ground-Water Flow Modeling
Standard Guide for Defining Initial Conditions in Ground-Water Flow Modeling
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers techniques and procedures used in defining initial conditions for modeling saturated ground-water flow. The specification of initial conditions is an essential part of conceptualizing and modeling ground-water systems.
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e1
Designation: D 5610 – 94
Standard Guide for
Defining Initial Conditions in Ground-Water Flow Modeling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5610; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Paragraph 1.2 was added editorially October 1998.
1. Scope 3.1.4 ground-water flow model—an application of a math-
ematical model to represent a ground-water flow system.
1.1 This guide covers techniques and procedures used in
3.1.5 hydraulic conductivity—(field aquifer tests), the vol-
defining initial conditions for modeling saturated ground-water
ume of water at the existing kinematic viscosity that will move
flow. The specification of initial conditions is an essential part
in a unit time under unit hydraulic gradient through a unit area
of conceptualizing and modeling ground-water systems.
measured at right angles to the direction of flow.
1.2 This guide offers an organized collection of information
3.1.6 hydrologic condition—a set of ground-water inflows
or a series of options and does not recommend a specific
or outflows, boundary conditions, and hydraulic properties that
course of action. This document cannot replace education or
causes potentiometric heads to adopt a distinct pattern.
experience and should be used in conjunction with professional
3.1.7 simulation—one complete execution of the computer
judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all
program, including input and output.
circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-
3.1.8 transmissivity—the volume of water at the existing
sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of
kinematic viscosity that will move in a unit time under a unit
a given professional service must be judged, nor should this
hydraulic gradient through a unit width of the aquifer.
document be applied without consideration of a project’s many
3.1.9 unconfined aquifer—an aquifer that has a water table.
unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this
3.1.10 For definitions of other terms used in this test
document means only that the document has been approved
method, see Terminology D 653.
through the ASTM consensus process.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Accurate definition of initial hydrologic conditions is an
2.1 ASTM Standards:
essential part of conceptualizing and modeling transient
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
ground-water flow, because results of a simulation may be
Fluids
heavily dependent upon the initial conditions.
D 5447 Guide for Application of a Ground-Water Flow
Model to a Site-Specific Problem
5. Initial Conditions
D 5609 Guide for Defining Boundary Conditions in
3 5.1 Initial hydrologic conditions for a flow system are
Ground-Water Modeling
represented by the head distribution throughout the flow
3. Terminology system at some particular time corresponding to the antecedent
hydrologic conditions in the aquifer system. The specified
3.1 Definitions:
heads can be considered reference heads; calculated changes in
3.1.1 aquifer, confined—an aquifer bounded above and
head through time will be relative to these given heads, and the
below by confining beds and in which the static head is above
time represented by these heads becomes the reference time.
the top of the aquifer.
As a convenience, this reference time is usually specified as
3.1.2 conceptual model—an interpretation or working de-
zero time or initial time. Time is reckoned from this zero time
scription of the characteristics of the physical system.
or initial time. In more formal terms, an initial condition gives
3.1.3 flux—the volume of fluid crossing a unit cross-
head as a function of position at t 5 0; that is, h 5 f (x, y, z;
sectional surface area per unit time.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-18 on Soil and
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Ground Water and
Vadose Investigations. Franke, O. L., Reilly, T. E., and Bennett, G. D., “Definition of Boundary and
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 1994. Published January 1995. Initial Conditions in the Analysis of Ground-Water Flow Systems—An Introduc-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08. tion,” Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations of the United States Geological
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.09. Survey, Book 3, Chapter B5, 1987.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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