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ASTM D3737-09e1

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)

Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)

ABSTRACT
This practice details the standard procedures for establishing the allowable properties for structural glued laminated timber (glulam). Allowable properties include: stress indexes; stress modification factors associated with slop of grain; stresses for bending, tension and compression parallel to the grain; horizontal shear; compression perpendicular to the grain; radial tension and compression stresses in curved members; grade adjustment factors; modulus of elasticity; and modulus of rigidity. This practice is limited to the calculation of allowable properties subject to the given procedures for the selection and arrangement of grades of lumber of the species considered. It does not cover the requirements for production, inspection and certification, but in order to justify the allowable properties developed using procedures in this practice, manufacturers must conform to recognized manufacturing standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for establishing allowable properties for structural glued laminated timber. Included are the allowable stresses for bending, tension and compression parallel to the grain, horizontal shear, compression perpendicular to the grain, and radial tension and compression in curved members. Also included are modulus of elasticity and modulus of rigidity.
1.2 This practice is limited to the calculation of allowable properties subject to the given procedures for the selection and arrangement of grades of lumber of the species considered.
1.3 Requirements for production, inspection and certification are not included, but in order to justify the allowable properties developed using procedures in this practice, manufacturers must conform to recognized manufacturing standards. Refer to ANSI/AITC A190.1 and CSA O122.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Aug-2009
ICS
79.060.01 - Wood-based panels in general
Technical Committee
D07 - Wood
Drafting Committee
D07.02 - Lumber and Engineered Wood Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3737-09 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)
Effective Date
01-Sep-2009
Replaced By
ASTM D3737-12 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2012
Referred By
ASTM D2915-17(2022) - Standard Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Structural Wood and Wood-Based Products
Effective Date
01-Sep-2009
Referred By
ASTM D7341-21 - Standard Practice for Establishing Characteristic Values for Flexural Properties of Structural Glued Laminated Timber by Full-Scale Testing
Effective Date
01-Sep-2009
Referred By
ASTM D198-22a - Standard Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural Sizes
Effective Date
01-Sep-2009
Referred By
ASTM D6570-18a(2023)e1 - Standard Practice for Assigning Allowable Properties for Mechanically Graded Lumber
Effective Date
01-Sep-2009
Referred By
ASTM D5457-23 - Standard Specification for Computing Reference Resistance of Wood-Based Materials and Structural Connections for Load and Resistance Factor Design
Effective Date
01-Sep-2009
Referred By
ASTM D7199-20 - Standard Practice for Establishing Characteristic Values for Reinforced Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam) Beams Using Mechanics-Based Models
Effective Date
01-Sep-2009
Referred By
ASTM D7147-21 - Standard Specification for Testing and Establishing Allowable Loads of Joist Hangers
Effective Date
01-Sep-2009

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ASTM D3737-09e1 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)ASTM D3737-09e1 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)
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ASTM D3737-09e1 - Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D3737 − 09
StandardPractice for
Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued
1
Laminated Timber (Glulam)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3737; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Appendix X2 was editorially changed in April 2012.
1. Scope D143Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of Timber
D198Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for establishing
Sizes
allowable properties for structural glued laminated timber.
D245Practice for Establishing Structural Grades and Re-
Included are the allowable stresses for bending, tension and
lated Allowable Properties for Visually Graded Lumber
compression parallel to the grain, horizontal shear, compres-
D2395Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Wood and
sion perpendicular to the grain, and radial tension and com-
Wood-Based Materials
pression in curved members. Also included are modulus of
elasticity and modulus of rigidity. D2555PracticeforEstablishingClearWoodStrengthValues
D2915Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Struc-
1.2 This practice is limited to the calculation of allowable
tural Wood and Wood-Based Products
propertiessubjecttothegivenproceduresfortheselectionand
D4761Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Lumber
arrangement of grades of lumber of the species considered.
and Wood-Base Structural Material
1.3 Requirements for production, inspection and certifica-
D5456Specification for Evaluation of Structural Composite
tion are not included, but in order to justify the allowable
Lumber Products
properties developed using procedures in this practice, manu-
D6570Practice forAssigningAllowable Properties for Me-
facturersmustconformtorecognizedmanufacturingstandards.
chanically Graded Lumber
Refer to ANSI/AITCA190.1 and CSAO122.
E105Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
1.4 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
3
2.2 AITC Standards:
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
AITC117-71Standard Specifications for Structural Glued
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Laminated Timber of Softwood Species, 1971
and are not considered standard.
AITC117-74Standard Specifications for Structural Glued
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Laminated Timber of Softwood Species, 1974
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
AITC117-79Standard Specifications for Structural Glued
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Laminated Timber of Softwood Species, 1979
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. AITC“BrownBook” Determination of Design Values for
Structural Glued Laminated, 1979
2. Referenced Documents
AITCStandard407 Standard for Alternate Lumber Grades
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: for Use in Structural Glued Laminated Timber, 2005
D9Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod-
AITCStandard500Determination of Design Values for
ucts
Structural Glued Laminated Timber in Accordance with
ASTM D3737-89a, 1991
AITCTechnicalNote21VolumeFactorforStructuralGlued
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D07 on Wood and
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.02 on Lumber and Engineered Laminated Timber, 2005
Wood Products.
ANSI/AITCA190.1Structural Glued Laminated Timber,
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originally
2007
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3737–08. DOI:
10.1520/D3737-09E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from theAmerican Institute ofTimber Construction, 7012 S. Revere
the ASTM website. Parkway, Suite 140, Centennial, CO 80112, https://www.aitc-glulam.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D3737 − 09
2.3 Other Standards: 3.1.7 vertically laminated timber—a member designed to
ANSI/AF&PA National Design Specification for Wood resist bending loads applied parallel to the wide faces of the
4
Construction laminations (referred to as bending about the y-y axis).
5
CSAO122 Structural Glued Laminated Timber
3.1.8 visually graded lumber—lumber graded by visual
inspection in accordance with the grading rules of the appli-
3. T
...

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ABSTRACT
This practice details the standard procedures for establishing the allowable properties for structural glued laminated timber (glulam). Allowable properties include: stress indexes; stress modification factors associated with slop of grain; stresses for bending, tension and compression parallel to the grain; horizontal shear; compression perpendicular to the grain; radial tension and compression stresses in curved members; grade adjustment factors; modulus of elasticity; and modulus of rigidity. This practice is limited to the calculation of allowable properties subject to the given procedures for the selection and arrangement of grades of lumber of the species considered. It does not cover the requirements for production, inspection and certification, but in order to justify the allowable properties developed using procedures in this practice, manufacturers must conform to recognized manufacturing standards.
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1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This test method shall be used to measure the relative corner impact resistance and other damage that may occur during the rough handling of wood-base panels or composite materials. This test method is suitable for all wood-base panels such as plywood, oriented strand board, hardboard, particleboard and medium density fiberboard as well as other composite panel products.  
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1.1 This terminology standard covers a repository of terms and classifications essential for the business of Subcommittee D07.03.  
1.2 Terms and classifications for inclusion in this terminology standard when needed for general use in the conduct of the standards over which Subcommittee D07.03 has jurisdiction.  
1.3 The terms in this standard pertain to cellulosic boards or panel products derived from wood and the woody tissue of such plants as bagasse, flax, and straw. They fall into two general groups: (1) those manufactured from lignocellulosic fibers and fiber bundles where in manufacture the interfelting of the fibers and a natural bond are characteristics, and (2) those boards manufactured from a wide range in size and shape of particles ranging from fine elements approaching fibers in size to large flakes which are blended with synthetic resin adhesive and consolidated into boards characterized by the resin bond and usually known as resin-bonded particleboards or more commonly as particleboards.  
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ASTM D1666-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Conducting Machining Tests of Wood and Wood-Base Panel Materials

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4.1 Machining tests are made to determine the working qualities and characteristics of different species of wood and of different wood-based panel materials under a variety of machine operations such as are encountered in commercial manufacturing practice. The tests provide a systematic basis for comparing the behavior of different products with respect to woodworking machine operations and of evaluating their potential suitability for certain uses where these properties are of prime importance.
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1.1 These test methods cover procedures for planing, routing/shaping, turning, mortising, boring, and sanding, all of which are common wood-working operations used in the manufacture of wood products. These tests apply, in different degrees, to two general classes of materials:  
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1.3 Several factors enter into any complete appraisal of the machining properties of a given wood or wood-base panel. Quality of finished surface is recommended as the basis for evaluation of machining properties. Rate of dulling of cutting tools and power consumed in cutting are also important considerations but are beyond the scope of these test methods.  
1.4 Although the methods presented include the results of progressive developments in the evaluation of machining properties, further improvements are anticipated. For example, by present procedures, quality of the finished surface is evaluated by visual inspection, but as new mechanical or physical techniques become available that will afford improved precision of evaluation, they should be employed.  
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5.1 Density and specific gravity are cornerstone terms that help define many useful properties of wood and wood-based materials. These terms designate concepts that have distinct definitions though they relate to the same characteristic (mass in a unit volume). Generally, in the US and Canada, density of wood is measured in terms of specific gravity, or relative density. In the wood-based composites industry and internationally the term density is often preferred.  
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5.3 It is often desirable to know the density or specific gravity of a living tree, a structural member already in place, a log cross section, a segment of a research element, or the earlywood or latewood layer. Therefore, it is possible that specimens will be large or small, regular or irregular in shape, and at a variety of moisture contents. These test methods give procedures that include all of these variables and provides for calculation of density and specific gr...
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5.1 This practice documents cyclic performance benchmarks for shear walls constructed with wood structural panel (WSP) sheathing attached to dimension lumber framing using common or galvanized box nails as defined in 3.2.8.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes a method for alternative shear wall systems to compare seismic equivalency parameters (SEP) derived from cyclic in-plane racking tests to performance targets derived from tests of light-frame shear walls constructed with wood structural panel (WSP) sheathing attached to dimension lumber framing using nails.  
1.2 This practice considers only the performance of shear walls subject to cyclic lateral loading, parallel to the plane of the shear wall. Design of walls with openings and performance for other wall functions, such as out-of-plane bending, combined shear and uplift, and so forth are not considered.  
1.3 This practice is applicable only to shear walls where all vertical-load-supporting elements are intact at the end of the in-plane lateral load test and remain capable of supporting gravity loads. Wall assemblies whose vertical-load-supporting elements buckle or otherwise become incapable of supporting gravity loads during the lateral load test are outside the scope of this practice. In addition, for bearing wall systems, this practice assumes that the shear wall system under evaluation has documented design procedures to ensure that vertical-load-supporting elements have adequate resistance to the combined effect of compression loads caused by overturning and gravity loads.  
1.4 This practice does not address height limitations, detailing requirements, wall openings, derivation of design values for strength and stiffness, or other requirements and limitations that may be necessary for an alternative shear wall system. These requirements shall be provided elsewhere, such as by a suitable product standard for the alternative shear wall system.  
1.5 This practice assumes that the stiffness or deformation of the alternative shear wall system can be estimated, and that design loads within a structure will be distributed among seismically equivalent wall systems based on their relative stiffness.  
1.6 This practice is not intended to preclude other rational means of evaluating seismic performance.  
1.7 This practice assumes that the alternative shear wall system may be used alone or in combination with wood-frame shear walls sheathed with wood structural panels.  
1.8 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Guide for Moisture Conditioning of Wood and Wood-Based Materials

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4.1 Many physical and mechanical properties of wood and wood-based materials change in response to the environmental equilibrium moisture content, and any comparison of these properties must take moisture content into account. A consistent base for comparison among different test samples and different laboratories is necessary. Shrinkage and dimensional change in particular are dependent on moisture content, and tests involving their measurement must be conducted with good equilibrium moisture content control. Conditioning can also be important in industrial settings where there are optimum moisture content levels for many products and processes, and conformance to these levels can reduce losses in quality and yield.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers standard procedures for conditioning and equilibrating wood and wood-based materials to constant moisture content. The procedures apply to solid wood, wood-based fiber and particulate materials and panels, and wood products containing adhesives. They are intended for use in research and development activities, testing laboratories, quality control, and for all other classes of producers and users. This guide includes background material on the importance of moisture content control, important definitions and technical data, possible types of apparatus, procedures, and the importance of conditioning time. Users should recognize that the necessary degree of precision and bias varies with the intentions of the users. Some research and testing, for example, might require very close control of moisture content, whereas control in an industrial storage facility might not require such close control. This guide offers procedures that include these different requirements.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values of temperature in degrees Fahrenheit given in Table X1.2 are mathematical conversions that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the procedure section, Section 6, of this guide. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D7612-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Categorizing Wood and Wood-Based Products According to Their Fiber Sources

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Voluntary forest certification systems have become an important factor in promoting sustainable forest management. The standards in use are highly variable, however. Even within a family of standards with a common label there is the potential for wide variations in practices. This prevents producers and consumers from using a certification label to characterize products according to a specific set of qualities or values. This practice creates a framework to differentiate products based on a set of qualities and values identified as important in the market for wood products. (A) See Appendix X3 for discussion of additional concepts related to sub-categorization of certified sources.(B) For the purposes of categorizing products under this practice, distributors and retailers can rely on “on-product” labels for chain of custody or a certified procurement system if they are not engaged in significant value-added processing or remanufacture. In lieu of an on‐product label, a certificate of compliance indicating conformance with the applicable chain of custody or certified procurement system is permitted.  
5.2 This practice is intended to be used by producers, distributors, retailers, or consumers who wish to understand where a product fits within three categories. At a minimum, the user will need to know the geographic origin of the wood going into a product and whether it is labeled or otherwise certified to a procurement system or chain of custody based on a voluntary forest management or certification standard. Producers who want to use this practice must be able to identify the geographic origin of the wood to at least the level needed to support the claims to consumers associated with a given category and described in 6.1.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice sets forth minimum criteria and evaluation requirements for products employing the use of different systems to trace wood fiber to sources operating under different forest management or forest certification systems.  
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Note 1: The principles in this practice apply internationally, provided that the required information is available to support categorization. For example, products certified to the globally recognized forest certification standards will meet the “Certified Sources” category regardless of their origin, and documented risk assessments (noted in Appendix X5) provide the basis upon which raw materials sourced from Canada and the United States can be deemed to meet the “Legal Sources” category. To categorize raw materials sourced outside of Canada and the United States as “Legal Sources,” it is recommended that the adopting entity develop supplemental provisions to address country-specific issues as needed.  
1.2.1 This practice provides an objective basis to differentiate among:
1.2.1.1 Non-controversial (that is, legal) sources of forest products,
1.2.1.2 Responsible sources of forest products (that is, non-controversial sources together with certified procurement systems or from forests managed using responsible practices), and
1.2.1.3 Certified sources of forest products (that is, non-controversial sources together with certified chain of custody).  
1.2.2 This practice is intended to provide a framework to help wood product vendors identify the competent and reliable evidence needed to substantiate product claims as required by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission’s Guides for ...

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Standard Test Method for Methoxyl Groups in Wood and Related Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Most of the methoxyl in wood is attributable to the lignin. This test method is used extensively in the study of lignin.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of methoxyl groups in wood and related materials (1-7).2 The test method is applicable to milled wood or sawdust, or by suitable adjustment in size of the test specimen, to fractions isolated from wood and lignin.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 6.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off