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ASTM D3348-12(2017)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Rapid Field Test for Trace Lead in Unleaded Gasoline (Colorimetric Method) (Withdrawn 2022)

Standard Test Method for Rapid Field Test for Trace Lead in Unleaded Gasoline (Colorimetric Method) (Withdrawn 2022)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test is used to determine trace quantities of lead in unleaded gasoline. Unwarranted amounts of lead may cause deposits in automotive pollution control equipment and poisoning of catalytic mufflers.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is intended for use in the field by nontechnical people for the quantitative measurement of lead in unleaded gasoline in the range from 0.01 g to 0.10 g Pb/U.S. gal (2.64 mg to 26.4 mg Pb/L). This method applies to all commercial gasolines and responds to all types of lead alkyls as well as to other organic and inorganic forms of lead.  
Note 1: This test method is based on the use of the Mobil Lead Test Kit (Fig. 1).
Note 2: This test method is a screening test and is not to be used as a replacement for withdrawn Test Method D3116, withdrawn Test Method D3229, Test Method D3237, Test Method D3341, or Test Method D5059.
FIG. 1 Mobil Lead Test Kit  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covered and was intended for use in the field by nontechnical people for the quantitative measurement of lead in unleaded gasoline in the range from 0.01 g to 0.10 g Pb/U.S. gal (2.64 mg to 26.4 mg Pb/L). This method applied to all commercial gasolines and responded to all types of lead alkyls as well as to other organic and inorganic forms of lead.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants, this test method was withdrawn in October 2022. Test Method D3348 was originally developed in 1974. Since the method development, the Mobil Lead test kit, which was used to establish the precision, is no longer commercially available. The fact that the test method equipment is no longer available makes the method’s precision invalid. Thus a new ILCP would need to be conducted on current commercial instrumentation to keep it valid. It is highly unlikely that an ILCP would get enough participants to develop new precision statements. In addition, since 1974 the use of lead in most motor gasoline has been phased out; therefore, the need for this method is minimal.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
30-Apr-2017
Withdrawal Date
13-Oct-2022
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.03 - Elemental Analysis
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D3348-12(2017) - Standard Test Method for Rapid Field Test for Trace Lead in Unleaded Gasoline (Colorimetric Method) (Withdrawn 2022)ASTM D3348-12(2017) - Standard Test Method for Rapid Field Test for Trace Lead in Unleaded Gasoline (Colorimetric Method) (Withdrawn 2022)
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ASTM D3348-12(2017) - Standard Test Method for Rapid Field Test for Trace Lead in Unleaded Gasoline (Colorimetric Method) (Withdrawn 2022)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3348 − 12 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Rapid Field Test for Trace Lead in Unleaded Gasoline
1
(Colorimetric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3348; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3116 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Lead in Gasoline
3
(Withdrawn 1994)
1.1 This test method covers and is intended for use in the
D3229 Test Method for Low Levels of Lead in Gasoline by
field by nontechnical people for the quantitative measurement
3
X-Ray Spectrometry (Withdrawn 1992)
of lead in unleaded gasoline in the range from 0.01 g to 0.10 g
D3237 TestMethodforLeadinGasolinebyAtomicAbsorp-
Pb/U.S. gal (2.64 mg to 26.4 mg Pb/L).This method applies to
tion Spectroscopy
all commercial gasolines and responds to all types of lead
D3341 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline—Iodine Mono-
alkyls as well as to other organic and inorganic forms of lead.
chloride Method
D5059 Test Methods for Lead in Gasoline by X-Ray Spec-
NOTE 1—This test method is based on the use of the Mobil Lead Test
troscopy
Kit (Fig. 1).
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
NOTE 2—This test method is a screening test and is not to be used as a
replacement for withdrawn Test Method D3116, withdrawn Test Method
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
D3229, Test Method D3237, Test Method D3341, or Test Method D5059.
Measurement System Performance
D6792 Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petro-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
leum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Laboratories
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 The gasoline is treated with iodine and tetraethyl am-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
monium chloride in chloroform and subjected to ultraviolet
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
light. The lead alkyls form water-soluble lead alkyl iodides,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
which are removed from the gasoline by shaking it with an
warning statements, see Section 7.
aqueous ammonium nitrate solution. The aqueous extract is
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
filtered into a solution of 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol disodium
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
salt (PAR) and ammonium hydroxide. The lead is determined
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
by measuring its PAR complex colorimetrically at 490 nm
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
using a previously prepared calibration curve.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test is used to determine trace quantities of lead in
2. Referenced Documents
unleaded gasoline. Unwarranted amounts of lead may cause
2
deposits in automotive pollution control equipment and poi-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
soning of catalytic mufflers.
5. Interferences
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
5.1 PAR also reacts with many other metals forming highly
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis. coloredcomplexes.However,noneofthesearenormallyfound
Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally
present in a soluble form in gasoline. The following metals
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D3348 – 12. DOI:
were found to form colors with PAR and if present may
10.1520/D3348-12R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3348 − 12 (2017)
FIG. 1 Mobil Lead Test Kit
5,6
interfere to give high results: Fe II, Fe III, Co II, Ni II, Cu II, 6.4 Test Tubes, borosilicate, 18 mm by 150 mm.
Zn II, Cd II, Mn II, Sn II, V IV, Pb II, U VI, Ti IV, and the rare
6.5 Pipets, glass, dropping, capable of delivering 2.0 mL
earths.
wit
...

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This specification covers Grade 82 unleaded aviation gasoline for use only in engines and associated aircraft that are specifically approved by the engine and aircraft manufacturers, and certified by the National Certifying Agencies to use this fuel. Aviation gasoline shall consist of blends of refined hydrocarbons derived from crude petroleum, natural gasoline or blends thereof, with specific aliphatic ethers, synthetic hydrocarbons, or aromatic hydrocarbons, and when applicable, methyl tertiarybutyl ether (MTBE). They may also contain antioxidants (oxidation inhibitors), metal deactivators, corrosion inhibitors, and fuel system icing inhibitors. The gasoline shall be tested and conform accordingly to the following property requirements: lean mixture knock value and motor method octane number; color; blue and red dye content; distillation temperature at % evaporated, end point, and residue content; distillation recovery; distillation loss; net heat of combustion; freezing point; vapor pressure; lead content; copper strip corrosion; sulfur content; potential gum; and alcohols and ether content (aliphatic ethers, methanol, and ethanol).
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers Grades UL82 and UL87 unleaded aviation gasolines, which are defined by this specification and are only for use in engines and associated aircraft that are specifically approved by the engine and aircraft manufacturers, and certified by the National Certifying Agencies to use these fuels. Components containing hetro-atoms (oxygenates) may be present within the limits specified.  
1.2 A fuel may be certified to meet this specification by a producer as Grade UL82 or UL87 aviation gasoline only if blended from component(s) approved for use in these grades of aviation gasoline by the refiner(s) of such components, because only the refiner(s) can attest to the component source and processing, absence of contamination, and the additives used and their concentrations. Consequently, reclassifying of any other product to Grade UL82 or Grade UL87 aviation gasoline does not meet this specification.  
1.3 Appendix X1 contains an explanation for the rationale of the specification. Appendix X2 details the reasons for the individual specification requirements.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7547-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Hydrocarbon Unleaded Aviation Gasoline

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for purchases of Grade UL 91 unleaded aviation gasoline under contract and is intended primarily for use by purchasing agencies. It does not cover any other gasolines satisfactory for reciprocating aviation engines. The unleaded aviation gasoline, except as otherwise specified here, shall consist of blends of refined hydrocarbons derived from crude petroleum, natural gasoline, or blends thereof, with synthetic hydrocarbons or aromatic hydrocarbons, or both. Additives for electrical conductivity and corrosion inhibition, as well as certain types of antioxidants may be added separately, or in combination, in specified compositions and concentrations. Properly sampled specimens shall undergo test procedures and conform, accordingly, to the following requirements: knock value (motor octane number); density; distillation (initial boiling point, fuel evaporated, and final boiling point); recovery, residue and loss volumes; vapor pressure; freezing point; sulfur content; net heat of combustion; corrosion (copper strip); oxidation stability (potential gum); water reaction (volume change); and electrical conductivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for purchases of aviation gasoline under contract and is intended primarily for use by purchasing agencies.  
1.2 Unleaded aviation gasoline defined by this specification is for use in engines and associated aircraft that are specifically approved by the engine and aircraft manufacturers. This fuel is not considered suitable for use in other engines and associated aircraft that are certified to use only leaded aviation gasolines of the same octane grade.  
1.3 This specification, unless otherwise provided, prescribes the required properties of unleaded aviation gasoline at the time and place of delivery.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D3227-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for (Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in Gasoline, Kerosine, Aviation Turbine, and Distillate Fuels (Potentiometric Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Mercaptan sulfur has an objectionable odor, an adverse effect on fuel system elastomers, and is corrosive to fuel system components.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of mercaptan sulfur in gasolines, kerosines, aviation turbine fuels, and distillate fuels containing from 0.0003 % to 0.01 % by mass of mercaptan sulfur. Organic sulfur compounds such as sulfides, disulfides, and thiophene, do not interfere. Elemental sulfur in amounts less than 0.0005 % by mass does not interfere. Hydrogen sulfide will interfere if not removed, as described in 10.2.  
1.2 The values in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 9, 10, and Appendix X1.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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