ASTM F1694-96
(Guide)Standard Guide for Composing Walkway Surface Evaluation and Incident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips and Falls
Standard Guide for Composing Walkway Surface Evaluation and Incident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips and Falls
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a listing of items that may be useful in recording and evaluating the conditions of a walkway surface, including ramps and stairs, that may involve a slip, stumble, or trip that may result in a fall.
1.2 This guide provides a listing of data that may be useful in evaluating a slip, stumble, trip, slip and fall, stumble and fall, or trip and fall incident.
1.3 Nomenclature is provided to obtain uniform language for reports.
1.4 Field lengths and codes are provided, in the appendixes, and are appropriate for recording data in a computerized database and for obtaining uniformity between databases.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:F1694–96
Standard Guide for
Composing Walkway Surface Evaluation and Incident
Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1694; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope to slips, trips, stumbles, and falls. It is intended to aid
individuals or entities in the development of their own special
1.1 This guide provides a listing of items that may be useful
reportingsystem.Itisrecognizedthatausermayusethisguide
in recording and evaluating the conditions of a walkway
in its entirety or may extract only those segments providing the
surface, including ramps and stairs, that may involve a slip,
level of information required. Depending on the intended use,
stumble, or trip that may result in a fall.
a report form may be designed to be used alone or as a
1.2 This guide provides a listing of data that may be useful
supplement to or incorporated within another report form.This
in evaluating a slip, stumble, trip, slip and fall, stumble and
guide is not a final report form. It lists items considered
fall, or trip and fall incident.
appropriate for inclusion into a questionnaire, document, or
1.3 Nomenclature is provided to obtain uniform language
report.
for reports.
4.2 Potential users include persons interested in the preven-
1.4 Field lengths and codes are provided, in the appendixes,
tion and investigation of slip, trip, stumble, and fall phenom-
and are appropriate for recording data in a computerized
ena, such as insurance company loss control specialists,
database and for obtaining uniformity between databases.
industrial and commercial safety professionals, plant and
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
facilities management personnel, forensic engineers, and re-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
search personnel concerned with factor correlation, statistics
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
acquisition, loss control, and cost control. Data on record
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
maintenance may be of special interest in the preparation of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
documents for firms seeking ISO 9000 certification.
2. Referenced Documents 4.3 This guide provides a systematic approach to creating a
report form suitable for entry into a computerized database.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Uniform data recording provides ready comparison of data
F 1646 Terminology Relating to Safety and Traction for
between databases or evaluation within one database.
Footwear
4.4 This guide provides uniform language appropriate for
3. Terminology
creating a form for manually recording information regarding
pedestrian walkway evaluations and slip, trip, and fall inci-
3.1 Definitions:
dents.
3.1.1 The standard terms listed in Section 6 shall be used.
4.5 Requirements for Reporting—Information specific to
3.1.2 The standard terms listed in Terminology F 1646 shall
site location and case identification is given in 6.2; information
be used when there is no term(s) provided in this guide.
specific to walkway evaluation is given in 6.3; information
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
specific to slip, trip, and fall incidents is given in 6.4.
3.2.1 SIC—Standard Industrial Classification, as referenced
in Standard Industrial Classification, Office of Statistical
5. Procedure
Standards, Executive Office of the President, Office of Man-
5.1 Preparing Report Form(s)—Use the requirements of
agement and Budget, U.S. Department of Commerce.
6.1-6.3 to prepare a floor evaluation report. Use all of the
4. Significance and Use
requirements of Section 6, including 6.4, to prepare slip and
fall, stumble and fall, and trip and fall incident reports and
4.1 This guide provides recommendations for recording
reports of near falls.
walkway surface evaluation and incident report data pertaining
6. Report
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-13 on Safety and
6.1 Form of Report—The report may be narrative or coded.
Traction for Footwear and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F13.30 on
The form may be written or computerized, or the original data
Consumers.
Current edition approved April 10,1996. Published June 1996.
may be written and then computerized.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.07.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F1694–96
6.1.1 Field Length—Items for which the computer entry of recorded in accordance with 6.3.1.1. The details of tests the
data may be desirable are listed in Appendix X2, along with a investigator may require for a particular sole material, or a
recommended field length. particular heel material, with a surface other than the walkway
6.1.2 This guide offers a multitude of possible answers for under investigation, are recorded according to 6.3.1.2 and
6.3.1.3.
some requirements, as for footwear bottom materials and
walkway surface materials. A form may be composed with a
6.3.1.1 Walkway Surface Slip Resistance—Recordtheiden-
simply stated question on the form. Possible responses may be tity of the instrument used to measure the surface slip resis-
listed adjacent to the question, in a supplement, in instructions
tance. This may be the ASTM standard for the instrument or
that the entity issues regarding the form, or on the reverse side themakeandmodel.Recordadescriptionofthesurfacetested,
of the form. The responses suggested in this guide may be
instrument test foot material, slip resistance of the surface
supplemented by responses or products unique to the entity clean and dry, and slip resistance of surface contaminated.
requiring the report.
Record contaminant(s).
6.2 Case Identity:
6.3.1.2 Footwear Sole Slip Resistance— Record theASTM
6.2.1 Date of Report—Enter indicates the mmddyy, where
standard for the measuring instrument, or otherwise identify
mmindicatesthemonth,01through12;ddindicatesthedayof the instrument. Record the instrument test foot sole material,
the month, 01 through 31; and yy indicates the last two digits
test surface material, contaminant(s), slip resistance of the sole
of the year. material dry, and slip resistance of the sole material contami-
6.2.2 Case Number or Identifier—Use a private alpha- nated.
numeric designation, as desired, for identifying a single case.
6.3.1.3 Footwear Heel Slip Resistance— Record theASTM
6.2.3 Report Type—Walkway evaluation only or incident.
standard for the measuring instrument, or otherwise identify
An incident report will include a walkway evaluation. the instrument. Record the instrument test foot heel material,
6.2.4 Owner Location—Report the company name, mailing test surface material, contaminant(s), slip resistance of the heel
address, city, state, mail zip code, and country. material dry, and slip resistance of the heel material contami-
6.2.4.1 Contact Person at Owner Location— Record the nated.
lastname,firstname,andmiddleinitial;andtelephonenumber, 6.3.2 Walkway Structure:
including area code; telephone extension; and facsimile ma-
6.3.2.1 Walkway Type—Record one of the following: curb,
chine number.
floor, parking lot, ramp, sidewalk, stair, street, threshold,
6.2.4.2 Corporate Identifier—Use a designation, as desired.
unpaved ground, or other.
Examples are World Headquarters, XYZ Manufacturing Divi-
6.3.2.2 Walkway Construction Material—Recordoneofthe
sion, Plant number, Organizational Unit, etc.
following standard walkway constructions: abrasion-resistant
6.2.4.3 Accounting Code or Expense Code— Use a desig-
coating, asphalt plank flooring, asphaltic concrete paving,
nation, as desired. Examples are estimated cost, actual cost,
brick, carpet sheet, carpet tile, carpet indoor/outdoor type,
medical cost, compensation cost, and other contributing costs.
ceramic tile and mosaics, concrete, conductive elastomeric
6.2.5 Site Location—Record the site name, physical ad-
liquid flooring, conductive resilient, conductive terrazzo, cut
dress, city, state, zip code, country and specific location on the
natural stone tile, earth, elastomeric liquid flooring, epoxy
property, and SIC number.
marble chip, flagstone flooring, floor mat, fluid-applied resil-
6.2.5.1 Interior or Outdoors—Record as interior or out-
ient, foot grille, granite, granular paving, crushed stone or
doors.
cinders, grass, gratings, magnesium oxychloride, marble, mas-
6.2.5.2 Contact Person at Site Location— Record the last tic fills, metal floor plates, pedestal flooring, plastic laminate
name, first name, and middle initial; telephone number, includ- flooring, portland cement concrete paving, quarry tile, resilient
ing area code; telephone extension; and facsimile machine tile flooring, resilient sheet flooring, resilient flooring static
number. control, resinous, rugs, seamless quartz, slip-resistant finishes,
slate, steel deck, stone, thin brick tile, portland cement ter-
6.2.5.3 Date of Examination of Walkway— Enter mmddyy,
where mm indicates the month, 01 through 12; dd indicates the razzo, precast terrazzo, conductive terrazzo, plastic matrix
terrazzo, pressed concrete unit flooring, quarry tile, synthetic
day of the month; and yy indicates the last two digits of the
year. grass surfacing, vinyl composition tile or vinyl flooring, tile,
wood, wood decking, wood block, wood composition, wood
6.2.6 Person Preparing Report—Record the last name, first
parquet, wood strip, other, or as assigned by the Master List of
name, and middle initial; company name; mailing address first
Titles and Numbers for the Construction Industry (see X1.2).
field, mailing address second field, city, state, mail zip code,
and country; and telephone number, telephone extension, and 6.3.2.3 Surface Texture—Record whether abrasive, button,
facsimile machine number.
or cross-cut grooving; note the direction of grooves in relation
to the travel path, texturing, or other means intended to render
6.3 Walkway Evaluation:
the surface slip resistant; describe smooth, coarse, carpet
6.3.1 Slip Resistance Measurement—Theinvestigatordeter-
unidentified surface, carpet runner plastic, or carpet runner
mineswhichmeasurementsarenecessaryandtheinstrument(s)
otherthanplastic;anddescribecarpetshag,carpetwithsmooth
used to make the measurements. The choice of whether to test
nap, or carpet with medium nap.
a walkway surface with a standard test foot, a test foot directly
related to an incident, or a test foot selected for other reasons 6.3.2.4 Walkway Structural Condition and Irregularities—
lies with the investigator. Details of the surface test are Note whether the walkway is stable, planar, flush, and even.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F1694–96
Record the nature of the irregularities. Examples for carpet manufacturer, polish, sealer, wax, ultra high-speed buffing
condition are as follows: regular, irregular carpet; and raised polish, plastic type polish, or spray buff product.
edge, open seam, torn, worn, and buckled. Examples for other
6.3.4.10 Cleaning Method—Record the cleaning method as
surfaces are as follows: broken, even, rough, smooth, uneven.
mopped, wet mop, dry buff, dry mop, machine washed,
6.3.2.5 Walkway Load—Recordwhetherthewalkwaymeets shampoo (carpet), spot clean, strip, dusted, or other. Describe
the requirements for safely sustaining intended loads. Record
other processes specific for wood, terrazzo, marble, concrete,
inawrittenreportcommentsandstipulationssuchasthenature metal, or other types of walkway material.
of the irregularities or deviations from the requirements.
6.3.4.11 Buffıng or High-Speed Burnishing Method—
6.3.2.6 Surface Levelness—Record whether the walkway
Record the brand, model, and revolutions per minute of the
changes in level comply with standards. Record in a written
buffing or burnishing machine(s). Record the coarseness/color
report standards applying to the walkway and comments and
and manufacturer of the buffing pad.
qualifications such as the nature of the irregularities or devia-
6.3.4.12 Products Used on Floor—Record the brand name,
tions from the requirements.
manufacturer, and other identifying product information. Note
6.3.2.7 Handrails/Guardrails—Recordwhetherthelocation
known incompatibilities between products. Such products may
complies with the requirements for handrails and guardrails.
include stripper, sealer, polish or wax, spray buff product,
Note applicable requirements such as those in the building
general purpose cleaner, cleaner used in automatic scrubber,
code,thoserelatingtothedisabled,suchastheAmericanswith
spot cleaning product, aerosol products such as metal cleaners
Disabilities Act (ADA) and related regulations, and occupa-
used in vicinity of the floor (as on door guards), buffing
tional safety and health (OSHA) regulations and standards.
burnishing machine, buffing pads, dust mop, wet mop, and
Describe the construction of those not in compliance, and note
other products.
how they are deficient.
6.3.4.13 Compliance with Standards—Record which janito-
6.3.2.8 Intended Use—Record whether this surface is in-
rial products are in compliance with the applicable slip
tended for use as a walkway.
resistance or safety standards and which are not in compliance.
6.3.3 Surface Contaminants:
Record the standard(s).
6.3.3.1 Contaminants Present—Record the contamination
6.3.5 Maintenance Records—Record whether there are ser-
status at the time of examination: clean, cleaning solution, dirt
vice and maintenance records and whether the maintenance
(soil, unidentified), dust, grease, ice, liquid (other than sub-
records are maintained regularly.
stances in this listing), oil, overspray, particulate (paper clips,
6.3.5.1 Record Retention Policy—Summarize the record
paper, or food waste), refuse, snow, water, or other (identify).
retention policy. Record whether the required records are
6.3.3.2 Expected Contaminants—Record the contaminants
maintained in accordance with the policy.
expected to be present even though not present when the
6.3.5.2 Janitorial Products—Record whether a record is
walkway was examined.
kept for the brand and name of each janitorial product used on
6.3.4
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