ASTM D5225-17

Standard Test Method for Measuring Solution Viscosity of Polymers with a Differential Viscometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Solution viscosity values for polymers are related to the average molecular size of that portion of the polymer which dissolves in the solvent.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the solution viscosity of polymers using a differential or the modified differential viscometer. It is applicable to all polymers that dissolve completely without chemical reaction or degradation to form solutions that are stable with time and temperature. Results of the test are usually expressed as specific viscosity, intrinsic viscosity (limiting viscosity number), inherent viscosity (logarithmic viscosity number), or relative viscosity (viscosity ratio).  
1.2 Since there is more than one type of viscometer available to measure a differential pressure, follow the manufacturer’s directions applicable to the equipment being used.  
1.3 The solution viscosity values are comparable with those obtained using a glass capillary of Test Method D2857. This test method differs from the glass capillary in that the solvent and the solution are compared at the same time that a test is run. With a glass capillary, each solution must be referenced back to the solvent run in the same capillary at the same temperature.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2017
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.70 - Analytical Methods

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5225 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Solution Viscosity of Polymers with a Differential
1
Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5225; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the solu-
tion viscosity of polymers using a differential or the modified
2. Referenced Documents
differential viscometer. It is applicable to all polymers that
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
dissolve completely without chemical reaction or degradation
D1243 Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl
to form solutions that are stable with time and temperature.
Chloride Polymers
Results of the test are usually expressed as specific viscosity,
D2857 Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Polymers
intrinsic viscosity (limiting viscosity number), inherent viscos-
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
ity (logarithmic viscosity number), or relative viscosity (vis-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
cosity ratio).
E2935 Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in
1.2 Since there is more than one type of viscometer avail-
Laboratory Applications
able to measure a differential pressure, follow the manufactur-
er’s directions applicable to the equipment being used.
3. Terminology
1.3 The solution viscosity values are comparable with those
3.1 Definitions:
obtained using a glass capillary of Test Method D2857. This
3.1.1 inherent viscosity—the ratio of the natural logarithm
test method differs from the glass capillary in that the solvent
of the relative viscosity to the concentration. The IUPAC term
and the solution are compared at the same time that a test is
for inherent viscosity is logarithmic viscosity number.
run. With a glass capillary, each solution must be referenced
3.1.2 intrinsic viscosity—limit of the reduced and inherent
back to the solvent run in the same capillary at the same
viscosities as the concentration of the polymeric solute ap-
temperature.
proaches zero and represents the capacity of the polymer to
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
increase viscosity. The IUPAC term for intrinsic viscosity is
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
limiting viscosity number.
standard.
3.1.3 reduced viscosity—the ratio of the specific viscosity to
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the concentration. Reduced viscosity is a measure of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specific capacity of the polymer to increase the relative
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
viscosity. The IUPAC term for reduced viscosity is viscosity
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
number.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.4 relative viscosity—the ratio of the polymer solution
For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.
pressure to the pressure of the solvent.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
3.1.5 specific viscosity—the relative viscosity minus one.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.6 viscosity constant, K—baseline reading when solvent
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
is present in both capillaries.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Differential Viscometer (Fig. 1):
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
2
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.70 on Analytical Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published January 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5225 - 14. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D5225-17. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D5225 − 17
across the capillaries. A pump continuously supplies solvent
flow.The ratio of the pressures P and P is proportional to the
2 1
ratio of the viscosities of the fluid in capillary 2 to that
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5225 − 14 D5225 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Solution Viscosity of Polymers with a Differential
1
Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5225; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the solution viscosity of polymers using a differential or the modified
differential viscometer. It is applicable to all polymers that dissolve completely without chemical reaction or degradation to form
solutions that are stable with time and temperature. Results of the test are usually expressed as specific viscosity, intrinsic viscosity
(limiting viscosity number), inherent viscosity (logarithmic viscosity number), or relative viscosity (viscosity ratio).
1.2 Since there is more than one type of viscometer available to measure a differential pressure, follow the manufacturer’s
directions applicable to the equipment being used.
1.3 The solution viscosity values are comparable with those obtained using a glass capillary of Test Method D2857. This test
method differs from the glass capillary in that the solvent and the solution are compared at the same time that a test is run. With
a glass capillary, each solution must be referenced back to the solvent run in the same capillary at the same temperature.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1243 Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl Chloride Polymers
D2857 Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Polymers
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E2935 Practice for Conducting Equivalence Testing in Laboratory Applications
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 inherent viscosity—the ratio of the natural logarithm of the relative viscosity to the concentration. The IUPAC term for
inherent viscosity is logarithmic viscosity number.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.70 on Analytical Methods.
Current edition approved May 1, 2014Dec. 1, 2017. Published June 2014January 2018. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
D5225 - 09.D5225 - 14. DOI: 10.1520/D5225-14.10.1520/D5225-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5225 − 17
3.1.2 intrinsic viscosity—limit of the reduced and inherent viscosities as the concentration of the polymeric solute approaches
zero and represents the capacity of the polymer to increase viscosity. The IUPAC term for intrinsic viscosity is limiting viscosity
number.
3.1.3 reduced viscosity—the ratio
...