ASTM C1547-02(2018)
(Classification)Standard Classification for Fusion-Cast Refractory Blocks and Shapes
Standard Classification for Fusion-Cast Refractory Blocks and Shapes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This classification categorizes the defined types of fused-cast refractory blocks and shapes into distinct classes based on mineralogical composition. Such classes have historically been useful for relating the defined types and classes with specific industrial applications and for developing product or purchasing specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers commercial fusion-cast refractory blocks and shapes. Its purpose is to set forth the various types and classes of these materials according to their mineralogical compositions. These compositions are important to determining their suitability for use in specified applications. This standard is not intended to cover commercial fused grains or beads.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation:C1547 −02 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Classification for
Fusion-Cast Refractory Blocks and Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1547; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Other Document:
“A Practical Guide for the Preparation of Specimens for
1.1 Thisclassificationcoverscommercialfusion-castrefrac-
X-Ray Fluorescence and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis,”
tory blocks and shapes. Its purpose is to set forth the various
types and classes of these materials according to their miner- Victor E. Buhrke, Ron Jenkins and Deane K. Smith, eds.,
alogical compositions. These compositions are important to John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1998
determining their suitability for use in specified applications.
NOTE 1—Chemical analysis of refractory products is determined by a
This standard is not intended to cover commercial fused grains
combination of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma
or beads.
(ICP) analyses using standard reference materials (SRM), including
various types of minerals and refractory materials which are available
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
from the National Institute of Standards and Technology and other
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
appropriate sources.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this classification, see
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Terminology C71.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4. Significance and Use
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.1 This classification categorizes the defined types of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
fused-cast refractory blocks and shapes into distinct classes
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
basedonmineralogicalcomposition.Suchclasseshavehistori-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
cally been useful for relating the defined types and classes with
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
specific industrial applications and for developing product or
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
purchasing specifications.
2. Referenced Documents
2 5. Basis of Classification
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C71 Terminology Relating to Refractories
5.1 Fused alumina refractories are classified by the content
C1118 Guide for Selecting Components for Wavelength-
of soda, Na O, as determined by chemical analysis and the
Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Systems (With-
resulting beta- (β-) alumina (NaAl O ) or beta"-(β"-) alu-
11 17
drawn 2011)
mina (NaMg Al O ) content as determined by quantitative
2 15 25
E1479 Practice for Describing and Specifying Inductively
X-ray diffraction (XRD) or by quantitative image analysis of
Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometers
representative polished sections.
NOTE 2—Differential rates of solidification at the surface and the
interior of fusion-cast shapes result in different grain sizes. Likewise, the
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
segregation of one or more components may occur during solidification.
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.92 on The Joseph
Therefore, the most representative specimens are small, rapidly cooled
E. Kopanda Subcommittee for Editorial, Terminology, and Classification.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. Published October 2018. Originally ladles or shapes (no dimension >3 in. (>75 mm)) obtained by casting into
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C1547 – 02 (2013).
metallic or graphite molds directly from the pouring stream of the fusion
DOI: 10.1520/C1547-02R18.
furnace.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.2 Fused alumina-zirconia-silica (AZS) and high-zirconia
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
refractory types are classified by the content of monoclinic
the ASTM website.
3 zirconia (ZrO ) as determined by chemical analysis or quanti-
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. tative image analysis on representative polished sections.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1547−02 (2018)
TABLE 2 Classification of Fused Alumina-Zirconia-Silica (AZS)
5.3 Fused aluminosilicate refractories are classified by their
and Fused Zirconia Refractories by Zirconia Content
alumina-to-silica (Al O :SiO ) ratios as determined by chemi-
2 3 2
Class Zirconia Content (wt%) Zirconia Content (vol%)
cal analysis and by the amount of monoclinic zirconia present
AZS 21 19–23 18.5–22.5
as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) or quantitative
AZS 33 31–34 30.5–33.5
image analysis.
AZS 36 34.5–37.5 34–37
AZS
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1547 − 02 (Reapproved 2013) C1547 − 02 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Classification for
Fusion-Cast Refractory Blocks and Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1547; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This classification covers commercial fusion-cast refractory blocks and shapes. Its purpose is to set forth the various types
and classes of these materials according to their mineralogical compositions. These compositions are important to determining their
suitability for use in specified applications. This standard is not intended to cover commercial fused grains or beads.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory requirementslimitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C71 Terminology Relating to Refractories
C1118 Guide for Selecting Components for Wavelength-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Systems (Withdrawn 2011)
E1479 Practice for Describing and Specifying Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometers
2.2 Other Document:
“A Practical Guide for the Preparation of Specimens for X-Ray Fluorescence and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis,” Victor E. Buhrke,
Ron Jenkins and Deane K. Smith, eds., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1998
NOTE 1—Chemical analysis of refractory products areis determined by a combination of x-rayX-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled
plasma (ICP) analyses using standard reference materials (SRM), including various types of minerals and refractory materials which are available from
the National Institute of Standards and Technology and other appropriate sources.
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this classification, see Terminology C71.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This classification categorizes the defined types of fused-cast refractory blocks and shapes into distinct classes based on
mineralogical composition. Such classes have historically been useful for relating the defined types and classes with specific
industrial applications and for developing product or purchasing specifications.
5. Basis of Classification
5.1 Fused alumina refractories are classified by the content of soda, Na O, as determined by chemical analysis and the resulting
beta- (β-) alumina (NaAl O ) or beta"- (β"-) alumina (NaMg Al O ) content as determined by quantitative x-rayX-ray
11 17 2 15 25
diffraction (XRD) or by quantitative image analysis of representative polished sections.
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.92 on The Joseph E. Kopanda
Subcommittee for Editorial, Terminology, and Classification.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2013Oct. 1, 2018. Published September 2013October 2018. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20072013
as C1547 – 02 (2007).(2013). DOI: 10.1520/C1547-02R13.10.1520/C1547-02R18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1547 − 02 (2018)
NOTE 2—Differential rates of solidification at the surface and the interior of fusion cast shapes, fusion-cast shapes result in different grain sizes.
Likewise, the segregation of one or more components may occur during solidification. Therefore, the most representative specimens are small, rapidly
cooled ladles or shapes (no dimension >3 in. (>75 mm)) obtained by casting into metallic or graphite molds directly from the pouring stream of the fusion
furnace.
5.2 Fused alumina-zirconia-silica (AZS) and high zirconia high-zirconia refractory types are classified by the content of
monoclinic zirconia (ZrO ) as determined by chemical analysis or quantitative image analysis on representative polished sections.
5.3 Fused aluminosilicate refractories are classified by their alumina to silica alumina-to-silica (Al O :SiO ) ratios as
2 3 2
determined by chemical analysis and by the amount of monoclinic zirconia present as determined by x-rayX-ray diffraction (XRD)
or quantitative image analysis.
5.4 Fused chromium-containing refractories are classified by the amount of chromia present by chemical analysis and by its
mineralogical form as determined by x-rayX-ray diffraction (XRD) or by quantitative image analysis.
5.5 Magnesia-containing fused refractories are classified by the amount and type of MgO (periclase) and spinel phases
...
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