ASTM D3164-03(2011)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesively Bonded Plastic Lap-Shear Sandwich Joints in Shear by Tension Loading
Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesively Bonded Plastic Lap-Shear Sandwich Joints in Shear by Tension Loading
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Due to the increased use of adhesively bonded plastics as a result of the inherent advantages afforded by bonded rather than mechanically fastened joints, particularly the alleviation of stress risers and stress cracking, there is a need for standard tests by which joints of various substrates and adhesives can be compared. This test method is intended to meet such a need.
This test method is limited to test temperatures below the softening point of the subject adherends, and is not intended for use on anisotropic adherends such as reinforced plastic laminates.
The misuse of strength values obtained from this test method as design stress allowable values for structural joints could lead to product failure, property damage, and human injury.
The apparent shear strength of an adhesive obtained from a given small single-lap specimen may differ from that obtained from a joint made with different adherends or by a different bonding process. The normal variation of temperature and moisture in the service environment causes the adherends and the adhesive to swell and shrink. The adherends and adhesive are likely to have different thermal and moisture coefficients of expansion.
Even in small specimens, short-term environmental changes can induce internal stresses or chemical changes in the adhesive that permanently affect the apparent strength and other mechanical properties of the adhesive. The problem of predicting joint behavior in a changing environment is even more difficult if a different type of adherend is used in a larger structural joint than was used in the small specimen.
The apparent shear strength measured with a single-lap specimen is not suitable for determining allowable design stresses for designing structural joints that differ in any manner from the joints tested without thorough analysis and understanding of the joint and adhesive behaviors.
Single-lap tests may be used for comparing and selecting adhesives or bonding processes for susceptib...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to complement Test Method D1002 and Test Method D3163 and extend its application to single-lap-shear adhesive joints employing plastic adherends. The test method is useful for generating comparative shear strength data for joints made from a number of plastics. It can also provide a means by which several plastics surface treatments can be compared.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
Note 1—A complete metric companion to Test Method D3164 has been developed - D3164M.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D3164 − 03 (Reapproved 2011)
Standard Test Method for
Strength Properties of Adhesively Bonded Plastic Lap-Shear
Sandwich Joints in Shear by Tension Loading
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3164; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D3164M Test Method for Strength Properties ofAdhesively
Bonded Plastic Lap-Shear Sandwich Joints in Shear by
1.1 ThistestmethodisintendedtocomplementTestMethod
Tension Loading (Withdrawn 2012)
D1002 and Test Method D3163 and extend its application to
D4896 Guide for Use ofAdhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint
single-lap-shear adhesive joints employing plastic adherends.
Specimen Test Results
The test method is useful for generating comparative shear
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
strength data for joints made from a number of plastics. It can
also provide a means by which several plastics surface treat-
3. Terminology
ments can be compared.
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this test method are defined
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
in Terminology D907.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
4. Significance and Use
NOTE1—AcompletemetriccompaniontoTestMethodD3164hasbeen
4.1 Due to the increased use of adhesively bonded plastics
developed - D3164M.
asaresultoftheinherentadvantagesaffordedbybondedrather
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
than mechanically fastened joints, particularly the alleviation
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of stress risers and stress cracking, there is a need for standard
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tests by which joints of various substrates and adhesives can be
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- compared. This test method is intended to meet such a need.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 This test method is limited to test temperatures below
the softening point of the subject adherends, and is not
2. Referenced Documents
intended for use on anisotropic adherends such as reinforced
2.1 ASTM Standards:
plastic laminates.
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
4.3 The misuse of strength values obtained from this test
D1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-
method as design stress allowable values for structural joints
Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-
could lead to product failure, property damage, and human
sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
injury.
D2093 Practice for Preparation of Surfaces of Plastics Prior
to Adhesive Bonding 4.4 The apparent shear strength of an adhesive obtained
D2651 GuideforPreparationofMetalSurfacesforAdhesive from a given small single-lap specimen may differ from that
Bonding obtained from a joint made with different adherends or by a
D3163 Test Method for Determining Strength ofAdhesively different bonding process.The normal variation of temperature
Bonded Rigid Plastic Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Ten- and moisture in the service environment causes the adherends
sion Loading and the adhesive to swell and shrink. The adherends and
adhesive are likely to have different thermal and moisture
coefficients of expansion.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
AdhesivesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD14.40onAdhesivesfor 4.5 Even in small specimens, short-term environmental
Plastics.
changes can induce internal stresses or chemical changes in the
Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published April 2011. Originally
adhesive that permanently affect the apparent strength and
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D3164 – 03. DOI:
other mechanical properties of the adhesive. The problem of
10.1520/D3164-03R11.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3164 − 03 (2011)
predicting joint behavior in a changing environment is even specimens be cut from the test panel depicted in Fig. 2, but
more difficult if a different type of adherend is used in a larger individual specimens may be prepared if preferred. The rec-
structural joint than was used in the small specimen. ommendedmetalsubstrateisAlloy2024-T3aluminum,1.62 6
0.125 mm (0.064 6 0.005 in.). A surface treatment such as
4.6 The apparent shear strength measured with a single-lap
MethodAof Guide D2651 is recommended for the aluminum.
specimen is not suitable for determining allowable design
If a metal substrate other than aluminum is employed, then one
stresses for designing structural joints that differ in any manner
of the other surface preparations in Guide D2651 is suggested.
from the joints tested without thorough analysis and under-
The recommended length of overlap is 12.7 6 0.25 mm (0.5 6
standing of the joint and adhesive behaviors.
0.01 in.). The thickness of the plastic in the metal/adhesive/
4.7 Single-lap tests may be used for comparing and select-
plastic/adhesive/metal sandwich configuration may vary de-
ing adhesives or bonding processes for susceptibility to fatigue
pending on the type and manufacturer but thin films of 0.354
and environmental changes, but such comparisons must be
mm (0.010 in.) or less are recommended. An upper limit of
made with great caution since different adhesives may respond
1.62 mm (0.064 in.) plastic thickness is suggested.
differently in different joints. See Guide D4896 for further
6.2 The surface preparation used on the adherend depends
discussion of the concepts relative to interpretation of adhesive
on the subject plastic adherend. Methods such as those recom-
bonded single lap joints
...
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