ASTM C688-08e1
(Specification)Standard Specification for Functional Additions for Use in Hydraulic Cements
Standard Specification for Functional Additions for Use in Hydraulic Cements
ABSTRACT
This specification covers methods to investigate the effectiveness of a material to beneficially change the properties of hydraulic cements when the material is interground with the clinker during manufacture of the cement. Cement, mortar, and concrete shall be tested and the individual grades shall conform to specified values of autoclave expansion, drying shrinkage, normal consistency, standard consistency, setting time, compressive strength, false set, water content, flexural strength, bond to steel, volume change, resistance to freezing and thawing, and bleeding. Accelerating addition, retarding addition, set-control addition, water-reducing addition, water-reducing and accelerating addition are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers methods to investigate the effectiveness of a material to beneficially change the properties of hydraulic cements when the material is incorporated during manufacture of the cement.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The effect of additions in cement may markedly change properties other than those they are intended to modify. This specification is designed to test for such changes. Table 1 sets forth values for those properties of cement pastes and mortars that would permit a judgment of the changes effected by an addition. Likewise, Table 2 sets forth similar criteria for concrete. Certain additions may be found effective for more than one purpose as indicated in 3.1.4 and 3.1.5.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:C688 −08
StandardSpecification for
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Functional Additions for Use in Hydraulic Cements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C688; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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ε NOTE—Section 5.1 was corrected editorially in August 2013.
1. Scope* Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
C187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Nor-
1.1 This specification covers methods to investigate the
mal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement Paste
effectiveness of a material to beneficially change the properties
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
of hydraulic cements when the material is incorporated during
C226 Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use in
manufacture of the cement.
the Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic Cement
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
C232 Test Methods for Bleeding of Concrete
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
C234 Test Method for Comparing Concretes on the Basis of
standard.
theBondDevelopedwithReinforcingSteel(Discontinued
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2000) (Withdrawn 2000)
1.3 The effect of additions in cement may markedly change
properties other than those they are intended to modify. This C266 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic-Cement
Paste by Gillmore Needles
specification is designed to test for such changes. Table 1 sets
forth values for those properties of cement pastes and mortars C403/C403M Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete
Mixtures by Penetration Resistance
that would permit a judgment of the changes effected by an
addition. Likewise, Table 2 sets forth similar criteria for C451 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement
(Paste Method)
concrete. Certain additions may be found effective for more
than one purpose as indicated in 3.1.4 and 3.1.5. C465 Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the
Manufacture of Hydraulic Cements
2. Referenced Documents
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
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C596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Contain-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ing Hydraulic Cement
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
C666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to
drical Concrete Specimens
Rapid Freezing and Thawing
C78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using
C845 Specification for Expansive Hydraulic Cement
Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
C1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube
3. Terminology
Specimens)
3.1 Definitions:
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
3.1.1 accelerating addition—a functional addition that ac-
Concrete
celerates the setting or early strength, or both, of concrete and
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
mortar.
C151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic
3.1.2 retarding addition—a functional addition that retards
Cement
the setting of concrete and mortar.
C157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened
3.1.3 set-control addition—a functional addition composed
essentially of calcium sulfate in any hydration state from
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on
CaSO to CaSO ·2H O.
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Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.20 on Additions.
3.1.4 water-reducing addition—a functional addition used
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published January 2009. Originally
approvedin1971.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2005asC688 – 00(2005).DOI:
to reduce the quantity of mixing water required to produce
10.1520/C0688-08.
concrete and mortar of a given consistency.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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C688−08
TABLE 1 Criteria for Evaluating Neat Cement and Mortar Containing Functional Cement Additions
Type of Addition
Tests
Water-Reducing Water-Reducing and
Water Reducing Retarding Accelerating Set-Control
and Retarding Accelerating
Normal consistency, deviation from control, −1.0 min +1.0 max +1.0 max −1.0 min −1.0 mm ±1.0 max
A
percentage points
Standard consistency (flo
...
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