ASTM C948-81(2000)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Dry and Wet Bulk Density, Water Absorption, and Apparent Porosity of Thin Sections of Glass-Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Standard Test Method for Dry and Wet Bulk Density, Water Absorption, and Apparent Porosity of Thin Sections of Glass-Fiber Reinforced Concrete
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determinations of dry and wet bulk density, water absorption, and apparent porosity of thin sections of glass-fiber reinforced concrete.
Note 1—This test method does not involve a determination of absolute specific gravity. Therefore, such pore space as may be present in the specimen that is not emptied during the specified drying or is not filled with water during the specified immersion is considered "impermeable" and is not differentiated from the solid portion of the specimen for the calculations, especially those for percent voids.
Depending upon the pore size distribution and the pore entry radii of the specimen and on the purposes for which the test results are desired, the procedures of this method may be adequate, or they may be insufficiently rigorous. In the event that it is desired to fill more of the pores than will be filled by immersion, various techniques involving the use of vacuum treatment or increased pressure may be used. If a rigorous measure of total pore space is desired, this can only be obtained by determining absolute specific gravity by first reducing the sample to discrete particles, each of which is sufficiently small so that no impermeable space can exist within any of the particles.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C 948 – 81 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Test Method for
Dry and Wet Bulk Density, Water Absorption, and Apparent
Porosity of Thin Sections of Glass-Fiber Reinforced
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 948; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope suitable wire for suspending the specimen in water.
1.1 This test method covers the determinations of dry and
4. Sampling
wet bulk density, water absorption, and apparent porosity of
4.1 Sampling method shall be in accordance with govern-
thin sections of glass-fiber reinforced concrete.
ing specifications.
NOTE 1—This test method does not involve a determination of absolute
specific gravity. Therefore, such pore space as may be present in the
5. Test Specimen
specimen that is not emptied during the specified drying or is not filled
5.1 Whenever possible, the sample shall consist of indi-
with water during the specified immersion is considered “impermeable”
vidual portions of glass-fiber reinforced concrete, each to be
and is not differentiated from the solid portion of the specimen for the
tested separately. The individual portions may be pieces of any
calculations, especially those for percent voids.
Depending upon the pore size distribution and the pore entry radii of the desired shape or size, except that the volume of each portion
specimen and on the purposes for which the test results are desired, the
shall be not less than 25 cm (or 50 g nominal mass glass-fiber
procedures of this method may be adequate, or they may be insufficiently
reinforced concrete, approximately 1.7 oz, and shall not be
rigorous. In the event that it is desired to fill more of the pores than will 3
greater than 650 cm or 1300 g nominal glass-fiber reinforced
be filled by immersion, various techniques involving the use of vacuum
concrete, approximately 46 oz); and each portion shall be free
treatment or increased pressure may be used. If a rigorous measure of total
of observable cracks, fissures, or shattered edges.
pore space is desired, this can only be obtained by determining absolute
specific gravity by first reducing the sample to discrete particles, each of
6. Procedure
which is sufficiently small so that no impermeable space can exist within
any of the particles.
6.1 Immersed Mass and Saturated Surface—Dry Mass After
Immersion— Immerse the specimen in water at approximately
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
21°C (70°F) for not less than 24 h and until two successive
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
determinations of mass of the surface-dried specimens at
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
intervals of 2 h show an increase in mass of less than 0.5 % of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the heavier mass. Determine the mass of the specimen sus-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
pended in water to the nearest 0.01 g (0.00034 oz). Designate
2. Significance and Use
this mass as A.
2.1 Material properties determined by this test method are
NOTE 2—Take care during this operation to ensure that air bubbles do
useful for quality control of glass-fiber reinforced concrete,
not adhere to the surface of the specimen.
ascertaining compliance with governing specifications, and
Remove the specimen from the water and quickly surface
research and development.
dry the specimen by remo
...
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