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ASTM D6200-01(2007)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quench Oils by Cooling Curve Analysis

Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quench Oils by Cooling Curve Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a cooling time versus temperature pathway which is directly proportional to physical properties such as the hardness obtainable upon quenching of a metal. The results obtained by this test may be used as a guide in heat treating oil selection or comparison of quench severities of different heat treating oils, new or used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the equipment and the procedure for evaluation of a quenching oil's quenching characteristics by cooling rate determination.
1.2 This test is designed to evaluate quenching oils in a non-agitated system. There is no correlation between these test results and the results obtained in agitated systems.
1.3 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parenthesis are provided for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2007
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.L0.06 - Non-Lubricating Process Fluids
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6200-01 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quench Oils by Cooling Curve Analysis
Effective Date
01-May-2007
Replaced By
ASTM D6200-01(2012) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quench Oils by Cooling Curve Analysis
Effective Date
15-Apr-2012
Referred By
ASTM D6710-21 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Hydrocarbon-Based Quench Oil
Effective Date
01-May-2007
Referred By
ASTM D7646-23 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Aqueous Polymer Quenchants for Aluminum Alloys by Cooling Curve Analysis
Effective Date
01-May-2007
Referred By
ASTM D6482-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Aqueous Polymer Quenchants by Cooling Curve Analysis with Agitation (Tensi Method)
Effective Date
01-May-2007

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ASTM D6200-01(2007) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quench Oils by Cooling Curve AnalysisASTM D6200-01(2007) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quench Oils by Cooling Curve Analysis
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ASTM D6200-01(2007) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quench Oils by Cooling Curve Analysis
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6200–01 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quench Oils by
1
Cooling Curve Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6200; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.1 This test method describes the equipment and the
procedure for evaluation of a quenching oil’s quenching 3.1.1 cooling curve—The cooling curve is a graphical
characteristics by cooling rate determination. representation of the cooling time (t) - temperature (T) re-
1.2 This test is designed to evaluate quenching oils in a sponse of the probe (see 7.3).An example is illustrated in Part
non-agitated system. There is no correlation between these test Bof Fig. 1.
results and the results obtained in agitated systems. 3.1.2 cooling curve analysis—theprocessofquantifyingthe
1.3 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. cooling characteristics of a heat treating oil based on the
The values in parenthesis are provided for information only. temperature versus time profile obtained by cooling a pre-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the heated metal probe assembly (see Fig. 2) under standard
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the conditions.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.1.3 cooling rate curve—The cooling rate curve is ob-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- tained by calculating the first derivative (dT/dt) of the cooling
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. time - temperature curve.An example is illustrated in Part B of
Fig. 1.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.4 heat treating oil—a hydrocarbon containing product,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
often derived from petroleum base stock, that is used to
D1744 TestMethodforWaterinLiquidPetroleumProducts mediate heat transfer between heated metal, such as austen-
3
by Karl Fischer Reagent
itized steel, to control the microstructure that is formed upon
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By cooling and also control distortion and minimize cracking
Comparison Techniques
which may accompany the cooling process.
E230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force
3.1.5 quench severity—the ability of a quenching medium
6
(EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples to extract heat from a hot metal.
4
2.2 SAE Standards:
4. Summary of Test Method
AMS5665 NickelAlloyCorrosionandHeatResistantBars,
Forgings and Rings 4.1 Determine the nickel alloy probe assembly’s cooling
5
2.3 Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS): time versus temperature after placing the assembly in a furnace
JIS K 2242 - 1980 Heat Treating Oil and heating to 850°C (1562°F) and then quenching in a heat
JIS K 6753 - 1977 Di-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate treating oil.The temperature inside the probe assembly and the
cooling times are recorded at selected time intervals to estab-
lish a cooling temperature versus time curve. The resulting
cooling curve may be used to evaluate quench severity (see
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Note 1).
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.L0.06 on Nonlubricating Process Fluids.
NOTE 1—For production testing, the furnace temperature of 815 to
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originally
857°C (1500 to 1575°F) may be used.
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D6200 – 01. DOI:
10.1520/D6200-01R07.
2
5. Significance and Use
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1 This test method provides a cooling time versus tem-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
perature pathway which is directly proportional to physical
the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn.
4
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
5 6
Available from Japanese Standards Organization (JSA), 4-1-24 Akasaka Boyer, H.E. and Cary, P.R., Quenching and Distortion Control, ASM Interna-
Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 107-8440, Japan, http://www.jsa.or.ja. tional, Materials Park, OH, 1988, p. 162.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6200–01 (2007)
FIG. 1 Typical Temperature/Time and Temperature/Cooling
...

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Note 2: Oil tubes and apparatus used in this test method have traditionally been marked in inches, (the tube is required to be etched with 1/8 in. divisions.) The Saybolt Color Numbers are aligned with inch, 1/2 in., 1/4 in., and 1/8 in. changes in the depth of oil. These fractional inch changes do not readily correspond to SI equivalents and in view of the preponderance of apparatus already in use and marked in inches, the inch/pound unit is regarded as the standard. However the test method does use SI units of length when the length is not directly related to divisions on the oil tube and Saybolt Color Numbers. The test method uses SI units for temperature.  
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5.1 Predicting the viscosity of a blend of components is a common problem. Both the Wright Blending Method and the ASTM Blending Method, described in this practice, may be used to solve this problem.  
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5.5 The calculations described in this practice have been computerized as a spreadsheet and are available as an adjunct.3
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.  
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.  
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to other types of products, or to materials which exhibit strong non-Newtonian properties, such as viscosity index improvers, additive packages, and products containing particulates.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.  
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5.1 Sulfur present as mercaptans or as hydrogen sulfide in distillate fuels and solvents can attack many metallic and non-metallic materials in fuel and other distribution systems. A negative result in the doctor test ensures that the concentration of these compounds is insufficient to cause such problems in normal use.
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5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions provides an insight into the composition of feedstocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. The gas chromatographic simulation of this determination can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.  
5.3 Procedure B was tested with biodiesel mixtures and reports the Boiling Point Distribution of FAME esters of vegetable and animal origin mixed with ultra low sulfur diesel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538 °C (1000 °F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55.5 °C (100 °F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.
Note 1: Since a boiling range is the difference between two temperatures, only the constant of 1.8 °F/°C is used in the conversion of the temperature range from one system of units to another.  
1.1.1 Procedure A (Sections 6 – 14)—Allows a larger selection of columns and analysis conditions such as packed and capillary columns as well as a Thermal Conductivity Detector in addition to the Flame Ionization Detector. Analysis times range from 14 min to 60 min.  
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