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ASTM C467-97(2008)

(Classification)

Standard Classification of Mullite Refractories

Standard Classification of Mullite Refractories

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The mullite content of an alumina-silica refractory material has an important influence on volume stability, load bearing properties, and its satisfactory use in refractory applications. This classification is considered useful for purchase specifications and quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers refractory products consisting predominantly of mullite (3 Al2O3·2 SiO2) crystals that are formed by either converting any of the sillimanite group of minerals, or synthesizing from appropriate materials in a melt or sinter process.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jul-2008
ICS
81.080 - Refractories
Technical Committee
C08 - Refractories
Drafting Committee
C08.92 - The Joseph E. Kopanda Subcommittee for Editorial, Terminology and Classification
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C467-97(2002) - Standard Classification of Mullite Refractories
Effective Date
01-Aug-2008
Replaced By
ASTM C467-14 - Standard Classification of Mullite Refractories
Effective Date
01-Sep-2014

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ASTM C467-97(2008) - Standard Classification of Mullite RefractoriesASTM C467-97(2008) - Standard Classification of Mullite Refractories
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ASTM C467-97(2008) - Standard Classification of Mullite Refractories
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C467 −97(Reapproved2008)
Standard Classification of
Mullite Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C467; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Properties
1.1 This classification covers refractory products consisting 4.1 The refractory products falling within the scope of this
predominantly of mullite (3 Al O ·2 SiO ) crystals that are classification are classified by chemical and physical tests to
2 3 2
formed by either converting any of the sillimanite group of meet the following requirements:
minerals, or synthesizing from appropriate materials in a melt
Alumina content, % 56 to 79
A
Impurities, max, % 5
or sinter process.
B
Deformation, max, %
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
A
Impurities refer to metal oxides other than those of aluminum and silicon.
B
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
When tested in accordance with 6.1.2.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
5. Test Specimens
and are not considered standard.
5.1 Testing for compliance with this classification shall be
2. Referenced Documents
1 1
performed on 9 by 4 ⁄2 by 2 ⁄2-in. (228 by 114 by 64-mm)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
rectangular brick as made, or on specimens of this size cut
C16 Test Method for Load Testing Refractory Shapes at
from larger shapes, utilizing existing plane surfaces as much as
High Temperatures
possible.
NOTE 1—Chemical analysis of refractory products are determined by a
6. Test Methods
combination of x-ray fluorscence (XRF) and inductively coupled plazma
(ICP) using standard reference materials (SRM), including various types
6.1 The properties enumerated in this classification shall be
of minerals and refractory materials which are available from the National
determined in accordance with the following ASTM meth-
Institute of Standards and Technology and other appropriate sources.
ods:
C832 Test Method of Measuring Thermal Expansion and
6.1.1 Alumina Content—XRF and ICP.
Creep of Refractories Under Load
6.1.2 LoadTest—Schedule 6 ofTable 1 inTest Method C16.
3. Significance and Use
6.1.3 Thermal Expansion and Creep—Method C832.
3.1 The mullite content of an alumina-silica refractory
7. Retests
material has an important influence on volume stability, load
bearing properties, and its satisfactory use in refractory appli-
7.1 Because of possible variables that may result from
cations. This classification is considered useful for purchase samp
...

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4.1 This test method was developed for use both by manufacturers as a process control tool for the production of AZS fusion-cast refractories, and by glass manufacturers in the selection of refractories and design of glass-melting furnaces.  
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2.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluating the resistance of refractories in glass-melting furnace superstructures to vapor attack. This test method may also be useful for evaluating refractories in other applications where vapor attack occurs.  
2.2 An electric-heated furnace is recommended. Water vapor and other atmospheric components in a gas- or fuel-fired furnace may participate in the chemical and physical reactions being studied. Results may differ, therefore, depending upon the nature and type of firing employed.  
2.3 The degree of correlation between this test method and service performance is not fully determinable. This is intended to be an accelerated test method that generates a substantial degree of reaction in a relatively short amount of time. This acceleration may be accomplished by changing the composition and/or concentration of the reactants, increasing temperatures, or by performing the test in an isothermal environment.  
2.4 Since the test method may not accurately simulate the service environment, observed results of this test method may not be representative of those found in service. It is imperative that the user understand and consider how the results of this test method may differ from those encountered in service. This is particularly likely if the reaction products, their nature, or their degree differ from those normally found in the actual service environment.  
2.5 It is incumbent upon the user to understand that this is an aggressive, accelerated test method and to be careful in interpreting the results. If, for example, the reaction species have never been found in a real-world furnace, then this test method should not necessarily be considered valid to evaluate the refractory in question.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for comparing the behavior of refractories in contact with vapors under conditions intended to simulate the environment within a glass-melting or other type of furnace when refractories are exposed to vapors from raw batch, molten glass, fuel, fuel contaminants, or other sources. This procedure is intended to accelerate service conditions for the purpose of determining in a relatively short time the interval resistance to fluxing, bloating, shrinkage, expansion, mineral conversion, disintegration, or other physical changes that may occur.  
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SCOPE
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