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ASTM A1117-23

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Application of Thermal Spray Aluminum (TSA) Coating to Carbon Steel Pipe

Standard Practice for Application of Thermal Spray Aluminum (TSA) Coating to Carbon Steel Pipe

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The quality and effectiveness of TSA coatings is dependent on a variety of factors including surface preparation, coating materials, environmental conditions and control of the applications process. This practice addresses the fundamental variables and concerns relative to proper TSA application.  
5.2 TSA has been proven to offer resistance to the atmospheric corrosion of carbon steel pipe and to corrosion under insulation (CUI). The publication NACE No. 12/AWS C2.23M/SSPC-CS 23.00, AWS C2.18 and NACE SP0198 provide additional information regarding the performance of TSA coatings.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice defines the minimum requirements for the application of Thermal Spray Aluminum (TSA) coatings to carbon steel pipe for the purpose of preventing atmospheric corrosion or corrosion under insulation. This practice is intended to be effective for TSA coatings applied at pipe manufacturing facilities or at on-site assembly locations.  
1.2 This practice is for the application of TSA to the external surfaces of piping to prevent atmospheric corrosion of insulated and non-insulated surfaces.
Note 1: TSA has been found useful for temperatures up to 1000°F (540°C) for uninsulated surfaces and for preventing corrosion under insulation for pipes operating in the range of 25°F to 300°F (–4°C to 150°C) surface temperature.  
1.3 This practice includes requirements for surface preparation, materials, application and quality control of TSA applied to carbon steel piping at the pipe manufacturing facility or at an on-site-assembly location.  
1.4 This practice is expressed in both inch-pound and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the use of metric values, inch-pound units shall be used.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Oct-2023
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.09 - Carbon Steel Tubular Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM A1117-23 - Standard Practice for Application of Thermal Spray Aluminum (TSA) Coating to Carbon Steel PipeASTM A1117-23 - Standard Practice for Application of Thermal Spray Aluminum (TSA) Coating to Carbon Steel Pipe
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ASTM A1117-23 - Standard Practice for Application of Thermal Spray Aluminum (TSA) Coating to Carbon Steel Pipe
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A1117 − 23
Standard Practice for
Application of Thermal Spray Aluminum (TSA) Coating to
1
Carbon Steel Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1117; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This practice defines the minimum requirements for the
application of Thermal Spray Aluminum (TSA) coatings to A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related
carbon steel pipe for the purpose of preventing atmospheric Alloys, and Ferroalloys
corrosion or corrosion under insulation. This practice is in- C633 Test Method for Adhesion or Cohesion Strength of
tended to be effective for TSA coatings applied at pipe Thermal Spray Coatings
manufacturing facilities or at on-site assembly locations. D4417 Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface
Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel
1.2 This practice is for the application of TSA to the
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
external surfaces of piping to prevent atmospheric corrosion of
Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
insulated and non-insulated surfaces.
Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coat-
NOTE 1—TSA has been found useful for temperatures up to 1000°F
ings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
(540°C) for uninsulated surfaces and for preventing corrosion under
insulation for pipes operating in the range of 25°F to 300°F (–4°C to
2.2 Other Standards:
150°C) surface temperature.
AWS C2.18 Guide for the Protection of Steel with Thermal
3
1.3 This practice includes requirements for surface Sprayed Coatings of Aluminum and Zinc and their Alloys
preparation, materials, application and quality control of TSA AWS C2.25/C2.25M Specification for Thermal Spray
applied to carbon steel piping at the pipe manufacturing facility Feedstock-Wire and Rods
or at an on-site-assembly location. NACE No. 2/SSPC-SP 10 Near-White Metal Blast Clean-
4
ing
1.4 This practice is expressed in both inch-pound and SI
NACE No. 12/AWS C2.23M/SSPC-CS 23.00 Specification
units. However, unless the order specifies the use of metric
for the Application of Thermal Spray Coatings (Metalliz-
values, inch-pound units shall be used.
ing) of Aluminum, Zinc, and Their Alloys and Composites
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
for the Corrosion Protection of Steel
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
NACE SP0198 The Control of Corrosion Under Thermal
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Insulation and Fireproofing Materials–A Systems Ap-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
proach
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- 3. Terminology
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1 Terms used in multiple A01 standards are defined in
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Terminology A941.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, the ASTM website.
3
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 8669 NW 36 St., #130,
A01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products. Miami, FL 33166-6672, http://www.aws.org.
4
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. DOI: Available from Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP),
10.1520/A1117-23. 15835 Park Ten Place, Houston, TX 77084, https://www.ampp.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A1117 − 23
3.2.1 electric arc spraying, n—a thermal spray coating 6.4 All openings to the interior of the pipe or spool piece
process, in which consumable metal wire is melted by heating shall be sealed to prevent accidental application of TSA to the
with an electric arc and then propell
...

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SCOPE
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification of polyethylene film and sheeting. Recycled polyethylene film or resin may be used as feedstock, and the film or sheeting may contain additives for surface property improvement, pigments, or stabilizers, or a combination of these, but they must conform to the requirements specified. Material covered in this specification shall be designated by a five-digit type number, with each numeral (from 0 to 5) indicating the cell limit within which the values of the density, impact strength, kinetic coefficient of friction, haze, and nominal thickness of the material falls under. The sheet or film shall be manufactured free, as commercially possible, of gels, streaks, pinholes, particles of foreign matter, and undispersed raw material, and without any other visible defects such as holes, tears, or blisters. The edges of the sheet or film shall be free of nicks and cuts. The surface of the sheet or film may also be treated by flame, corona discharge, or other means to improve the surface properties. Tests to determine the density, impact strength, kinetic coefficient of friction, haze, and nominal thickness of the material shall be performed and shall conform to the requirements specified.
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1.1 This specification covers the classification of polyethylene film and sheeting up to 0.3 mm (0.012 in.) in thickness, inclusive. The film or sheeting can contain additives for the improvement of the surface properties, pigments, or stabilizers, or combinations thereof.
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SCOPE
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This specification covers the standard requirements for the application of full thickness Portland cement-based plaster for exterior (stucco) and interior work. It also sets forth tables for proportioning of various plaster mixes and plaster thickness. The materials used shall consist of the following: cement which shall be a Portland cement, air-entraining Portland cement, masonry cement, blended hydraulic cement, air-entraining blended hydraulic cement, or plastic cement; Type S hydrated lime; aggregates such as perlite and sand for base and job-mixed finish coats; water to be used in mixing; admixtures; and fibers. Surfaces of solid bases such as masonry, stone, cast-in-place or precast concrete shall be prepared either by sandblasting, wire brushing, acid etching, chipping, or a combination thereof. Details on curing to resist cracking; materials protection and storage; environmental conditions; and application of plaster, finish-coat, and fog-coat, which shall be done by hand or machine up to the specified nominal thickness on metal and solid plaster bases are discussed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum technical requirements for the application of full thickness portland cement-based plaster for exterior (stucco) and interior work. These requirements do not by default define a unit of work or assign responsibility for contractual purposes, which is the purview of a contract or contracts made between contracting entities.  
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3.1.4 Macroetching is used extensively for quality control in the steel industry, to determine the tone of a heat in billets with respect to inclusions, segregation, and structure. Forge shops, in addition, use macroetching to reveal flow...
SCOPE
1.1 These procedures describe the methods of macroetching metals and alloys to reveal their macrostructure.  
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For specific warning statements, see 6.2, 7.1, 8.1.3, 8.2.1, 8.8.3, 8.10.1.1, and 8.13.2. It is further recommended to review the guidance in Guide E2014.  
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Standard Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-μm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Material finer than the 75-μm (No. 200) sieve can be separated from larger particles much more efficiently and completely by wet sieving than through the use of dry sieving. Therefore, when accurate determinations of material finer than 75 μm (No. 200) in fine or coarse aggregate are desired, this test method is used on the sample prior to dry sieving in accordance with Test Method C136/C136M. The results of this test method are included in the calculation in Test Method C136/C136M, and the total amount of material finer than 75 μm (No. 200) by washing, plus that obtained by dry sieving the same sample, is reported with the results of Test Method C136/C136M. Usually, the additional amount of material finer than 75 μm (No. 200) obtained in the dry sieving process is a small amount. If it is large, the efficiency of the washing operation should be checked. It could also be an indication of degradation of the aggregate.  
4.2 Plain water is adequate to separate the material finer than 75 μm (No. 200) from the coarser material with most aggregates. In some cases, the finer material is adhering to the larger particles, such as some clay coatings and coatings on aggregates that have been extracted from bituminous mixtures. In these cases, the fine material will be separated more readily with a wetting agent in the water.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of material finer than a 75-μm (No. 200) sieve in aggregate by washing. Clay particles and other aggregate particles that are dispersed by the wash water, as well as water-soluble materials, will be removed from the aggregate during the test.  
1.2 Two procedures are included, one using only water for the washing operation, and the other including a wetting agent to assist the loosening of the material finer than the 75-μm (No. 200) sieve from the coarser material. Unless otherwise specified, Procedure A (water only) shall be used.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
Note 1: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
1.4 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
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1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ABSTRACT
This practice covers the examination procedures for the contact, pulse-echo ultrasonic examination of heavy steel forgings by the straight and angle-beam techniques. An ultrasonic, pulsed, reflection type of instrument shall be used and shall provide linear presentation for at least 75% of the screen height. The 5% linearity referred to is descriptive of the screen presentation of amplitude. The electronic apparatus shall contain an attenuator, search units, transducers, couplants, reference blocks, and DGS scales. The forging shall be machined to provide cylindrical surfaces for radial examination in the case of round forgings. The ends of the forgings shall be machined perpendicular to the axis of the forging for the axial examination. Faces of disk and rectangular forgings shall be machined flat and parallel to one another. The procedures to be performed are as follows: ultrasonic examination of the forgings; straight-beam examination with establishment of the instrument sensitivity and calibration either by the reflection, reference-block technique, or DGS method; and angle-beam examination used for rings and hollow forgings.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice shall be used when ultrasonic inspection is required by the order or specification for inspection purposes where the acceptance of the forging is based on limitations of the number, amplitude, or location of discontinuities, or a combination thereof, which give rise to ultrasonic indications.  
4.2 The ultrasonic quality level shall be clearly stated as order requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice2 covers the examination procedures for the contact, pulse-echo ultrasonic examination of steel forgings by the straight and angle-beam techniques. The straight beam techniques include utilization of the DGS (Distance Gain-Size) method. See Appendix X3.  
1.2 This practice is to be used whenever the inquiry, contract, order, or specification states that forgings are to be subject to ultrasonic examination in accordance with Practice A388/A388M.  
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This practice and the applicable material specifications are expressed in both inch-pound units and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation [SI units], the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
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1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are used to determine the resistance of compacted soil-cement specimens to repeated wetting and drying. These test methods were developed to be used in conjunction with Test Methods D560/D560M and criteria given in the Soil-Cement Laboratory Handbook4 to determine the minimum amount of cement required in soil-cement to achieve a degree of hardness adequate to resist field weathering.
Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determining the soil-cement losses, water content changes, and volume changes (swell and shrinkage) produced by repeated wetting and drying of hardened soil-cement specimens. The specimens are compacted in a mold, before cement hydration, to maximum density at optimum water content using the compaction procedure described in Test Methods D558/D558M.  
1.2 Two test methods, depending on soil gradation, are covered for preparation of material for molding specimens and for molding specimens as follows:    
Sections  
Test Method A, using soil material passing a 4.75-mm [No. 4] sieve.
This method shall be used when 100 % of the soil sample passes the 4.75-mm [No. 4] sieve.  
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Test Method B, using soil material passing a 19.0 mm [0.75-in.] sieve.
This method shall be used when part of the soil sample is retained on the 4.75-mm [No. 4] sieve.
This test method may be used only on materials with 30 % or less retained on the 19.0-mm [0.75-in.] sieve.  
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1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this test method.  
1.3.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units [presented in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
1.4.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The rationalized slug unit is not given, unless dynamic (F = ma) calculations are involved.  
1.4.2 It is common practice in the engineering/construction profession to use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravitational system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of tw...

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