ASTM D7758-11
(Practice)Standard Practice for Passive Soil Gas Sampling in the Vadose Zone for Source Identification, Spatial Variability Assessment, Monitoring, and Vapor Intrusion Evaluations
Standard Practice for Passive Soil Gas Sampling in the Vadose Zone for Source Identification, Spatial Variability Assessment, Monitoring, and Vapor Intrusion Evaluations
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Passive soil gas samplers are a minimally invasive, easy-to-use technique in the field for identifying VOCs and SVOCs in the vadose zone. Similar to active soil gas and other field screening techniques, the simplicity and low cost of passive samplers enables them to be applied in large numbers, facilitating detailed mapping of contamination across a site, for the purpose of identifying source areas and release locations, focusing subsequent soil and groundwater sampling locations, focusing remediation plans, identifying vapor intrusion pathways, tracking groundwater plumes, and monitoring remediation progress. Data generated from passive soil gas sampling are semi-quantitative and are dependent on numerous factors both within and outside the control of the sampling personnel. Key variables are identified and briefly discussed in the following sections.
Note 1—Additional non-mandatory information on these factors or variables are covered in the applicable standards referenced in Section 2, and the footnotes and Bibliography presented herewith.
Application—The techniques described in this practice are suitable for sampling soil gas with sorbent samplers in a wide variety of geological settings for subsequent analysis for VOCs and SVOCs. The techniques also may prove useful for species other than VOCs and SVOCs, such as elemental mercury, with specialized sorbent media and analysis.
Source Identification and Spatial Variability Assessment—Passive soil gas sampling can be an effective method to identify contaminant source areas in the vadose zone and delineate the extent of contamination. By collecting samples in a grid with fewer data gaps, the method allows for an increase in data density and, therefore, provides a high-resolution depiction of the nature and extent of contamination across the survey area. By comparing the results, as qualitative or quantitative, from one location to another, the relative distribution and spatial variability of the contaminants ...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—This practice covers standardized techniques for passively collecting soil gas samples from the vadose zone and is to be used in conjunction with Guide D5314.
1.2 Objectives—Objectives guiding the development of this practice are: (1) to synthesize and put in writing good commercial and customary practice for conducting passive soil gas sampling, (2) to ensure that the process for collecting and analyzing passive soil gas samples is practical and reasonable, and (3) to provide standard guidance for passive soil gas sampling performed in support of source identification, spatial variability/extent determinations, site assessment, site monitoring, and vapor intrusion investigations.
1.3 This practice does not address requirements of any federal, state, or local regulations or guidance or both with respect to soil gas sampling. Users are cautioned that federal, state, and local guidance may impose specific requirements that differ from those of this practice.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Stand...
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D7758 −11
StandardPractice for
Passive Soil Gas Sampling in the Vadose Zone for Source
Identification, Spatial Variability Assessment, Monitoring,
1
and Vapor Intrusion Evaluations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7758; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the
title means only that the document has been approved through
1.1 Purpose—This practice covers standardized techniques
the ASTM consensus process.
for passively collecting soil gas samples from the vadose zone
and is to be used in conjunction with Guide D5314.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 Objectives—Objectives guiding the development of this
2
practice are: (1) to synthesize and put in writing good com-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mercial and customary practice for conducting passive soil gas
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
sampling, (2) to ensure that the process for collecting and
Fluids
analyzing passive soil gas samples is practical and reasonable,
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
and (3) to provide standard guidance for passive soil gas
Atmospheres
sampling performed in support of source identification, spatial
D2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water
variability/extent determinations, site assessment, site
(Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
monitoring, and vapor intrusion investigations.
D2487 Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering
1.3 This practice does not address requirements of any
Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
federal, state, or local regulations or guidance or both with
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
respect to soil gas sampling. Users are cautioned that federal,
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
state, and local guidance may impose specific requirements
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
that differ from those of this practice.
D4597 Practice for Sampling Workplace Atmospheres to
Collect Gases or Vapors with Solid Sorbent Diffusive
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
Samplers
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. D5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment
Used at Waste Sites
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D5314 Guide for Soil Gas Monitoring in the Vadose Zone
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
lated to Waste Management Activities: Development of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Data Quality Objectives
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D6196 Practice for Selection of Sorbents, Sampling, and
1.6 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
Thermal Desorption Analysis Procedures for Volatile Or-
one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
education or experience and should be used in conjunction ganic Compounds in Air
with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may D6311 Guide for Generation of Environmental Data Related
be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not
to Waste ManagementActivities: Selection and Optimiza-
intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which
tion of Sampling Design
the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged,
E2600 Guide for Vapor Encroachment Screening on Prop-
nor should this document be applied without consideration of
erty Involved in Real Estate Transactions
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
2
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Vadose Zone Investigations. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published January 2012. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D7758-11. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7758−11
3
2.2 U.S. EPA Methods 3.1.13 method blank, n—quality control check to measure
Method 8260C Volatile Organic Compounds by Gas laboratory contamination during sample analysis.
Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)
3.1.14 moisture content, n—the mo
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.