ASTM D6493-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Softening Point of Hydrocarbon Resins and Rosin Based Resins by Automated Ring-and-Ball Apparatus
Standard Test Methods for Softening Point of Hydrocarbon Resins and Rosin Based Resins by Automated Ring-and-Ball Apparatus
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
For hydrocarbon resins and rosin based resins, softening does not take place at a definite temperature. As the temperature rises, these materials gradually change from brittle solids or very viscous liquids to less viscous liquids. For this reason, determination of the softening point must be made by a fixed, arbitrary, and closely defined method if the results obtained are to be comparable.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are intended for determining the softening point of hydrocarbon resins, rosin based resins and similar materials by means of an automated ring-and-ball apparatus. Portions are similar in technical content to the automated-apparatus versions of Test Methods D36, E28, and ISO 4625.
1.1.1 The ring-and-ball softening point of a hydrocarbon resin and rosin based resins may also be determined with lower precision using the manual ring-and-ball softening point procedure in Test Methods E28.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard method does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6493 − 11
StandardTest Methods for
Softening Point of Hydrocarbon Resins and Rosin Based
1
Resins by Automated Ring-and-Ball Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6493; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 ISO Standard:
1.1 These test methods are intended for determining the
ISO 4625 Binders for paints and varnishes—Determination
softening point of hydrocarbon resins, rosin based resins and
3
of softening point–Ring-and-ball method
similar materials by means of an automated ring-and-ball
apparatus. Portions are similar in technical content to the
3. Summary of Test Method
automated-apparatus versions of Test Methods D36, E28, and
3.1 These test methods are for the determination of the
ISO 4625.
softening point—the temperature at which a disk of the resin
1.1.1 The ring-and-ball softening point of a hydrocarbon
held within a horizontal ring is forced downward a distance of
resinandrosinbasedresinsmayalsobedeterminedwithlower
25.4 mm (1.00 in.) under the weight of a standard steel ball, as
precision using the manual ring-and-ball softening point pro-
the specimen is heated at 5°C/min. in a specified liquid bath.
cedure in Test Methods E28.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4. Significance and Use
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4.1 For hydrocarbon resins and rosin based resins, softening
only.
does not take place at a definite temperature. As the tempera-
1.3 This standard method does not purport to address all of
ture rises, these materials gradually change from brittle solids
the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
or very viscous liquids to less viscous liquids. For this reason,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
determination of the softening point must be made by a fixed,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
arbitrary, and closely defined method if the results obtained are
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
to be comparable.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Sample Preparation
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Preparation of Sample by the Pour Method: This
D36 Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-
procedure is suitable for resins that can be heated and poured
Ball Apparatus)
without adverse effect on the softening point.
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
5.1.1 Select a sample representative of the material to be
E28 Test Methods for Softening Point of Resins Derived
tested.The sample should consist of flakes, pastilles, or broken
from Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbons, by Ring-and-
lumps. Avoid inclusion of finely divided material or dust.
Ball Apparatus
5.1.2 Select a quantity of resin having a volume at least
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
twice that necessary to fill the desired number of rings, and
ASTM Test Methods
melt it in a clean container, using an oven, hot plate, sand bath
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
or oil bath to prevent local overheating. If necessary, stir
slowly, taking care to avoid incorporating air bubbles in the
sample. Melt the sample completely, but do not heat it above a
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
temperature necessary to pour the material readily. The time
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
from the beginning of heating to pouring should not exceed 15
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon
Resins.
min.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally
5.1.3 Formaterialsthattendtocrackorshrinkintheringon
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6493 – 05 (2010).
cooling, immediately before filling the ring, preheat the ring to
DOI: 10.1520/D6493-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6493 − 11
approximately the temperature at which
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6493–05(Reapproved2010) Designation: D6493 – 11
Standard Test Methods for
Softening Point of Hydrocarbon Resins and Rosin Based
1
Resins by Automated Ring-and-Ball Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6493; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1These1.1 These test methods are intended for determining the softening point of hydrocarbon resins, rosin based resins and
similar materials by means of an automated ring-and-ball apparatus. Portions are similar in technical content to the
automated-apparatus versions of Test Methods D36, E28, and ISO 4625.
1.1.1 The ring-and-ball softening point of a hydrocarbon resin and rosin based resins may also be determined with lower
precision using the manual ring-and-ball softening point procedure in Test Methods E28.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard method does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D36 Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E28 Test Methods for Softening Point of Resins Derived from Naval Stores by Ring-and-Ball Apparatus
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 ISO Standard:
3
ISO 4625 Binders for paints and varnishes—Determination of softening point–Ring-and-ball method
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 These test methods are for the determination of a hydrocarbon resin’sthe softening point—the temperature at which a disk
of the resin held within a horizontal ring is forced downward a distance of 25.4 mm (1.00 in.) under the weight of a standard steel
ball, as the specimen is heated at 5°C/min. in a specified liquid bath.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 For hydrocarbon resins and rosin based resins, softening does not take place at a definite temperature. As the temperature
rises, these materials gradually change from brittle solids or very viscous liquids to less viscous liquids. For this reason,
determination of the softening point must be made by a fixed, arbitrary, and closely defined method if the results obtained are to
be comparable.
5. Sample Preparation
5.1 Preparation of Sample by the Pour Method: This procedure is suitable for resins that can be heated and poured without
adverse effect on the softening point.
5.1.1 Select a sample representative of the material to be tested.The sample should consist of flakes, pastilles, or broken lumps.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins.
Current edition approved July 15, 2010. Published September 2010. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D6493–05. DOI:
10.1520/D6493-05R10.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6493 – 05 (2010). DOI:
10.1520/D6493-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6493 – 11
Avoid inclusion of finely divided material or dust.
5.1.2 Select a quantity of resin having a volume at least twice that necessary to fill the desired number of rings, and melt it in
a clean container, using an oven,
...
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