ASTM D6637-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Tensile Properties of Geogrids by the Single or Multi-Rib Tensile Method
Standard Test Method for Determining Tensile Properties of Geogrids by the Single or Multi-Rib Tensile Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The determination of the tensile force-elongation values of geogrids provides index property values. This test method shall be used for quality control and acceptance testing of commercial shipments of geogrids.
In cases of dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing began. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.
All geogrids can be tested by any of these methods. Some modification of techniques may be necessary for a given geogrid depending upon its physical make-up. Special adaptations may be necessary with strong geogrids, multiple layered geogrids, or geogrids that tend to slip in the clamps or those which tend to be damaged by the clamps.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tensile strength properties of geogrids by subjecting strips of varying width to tensile loading.
1.2 Three alternative procedures are provided to determine the tensile strength, as follows:
1.2.1 Method A—Testing a single geogrid rib in tension (N or lbf).
1.2.2 Method B—Testing multiple geogrid ribs in tension (kN/m or lbf/ft).
1.2.3 Method C—Testing multiple layers of multiple geogrid ribs in tension (kN/m or lbf/ft).
1.3 This test method is intended for quality control and conformance testing of geogrids.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound values stated in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.5 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6637 − 11
StandardTest Method for
Determining Tensile Properties of Geogrids by the Single or
1
Multi-Rib Tensile Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6637; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Erosion Control Products(RECPs) for Testing
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tensile
D5262 Test Method for Evaluating the Unconfined Tension
strength properties of geogrids by subjecting strips of varying
Creep and Creep Rupture Behavior of Geosynthetics
width to tensile loading.
1.2 Three alternative procedures are provided to determine
3. Terminology
the tensile strength, as follows:
3.1 Definitions:
1.2.1 Method A—Testing a single geogrid rib in tension (N
3.1.1 atmosphere for testing geosynthetics, n—air main-
or lbf).
tained at a relative humidity of 50 to 70 % and a temperature
1.2.2 Method B—Testing multiple geogrid ribs in tension
of 21 6 2°C (70 6 4°F).
(kN/m or lbf/ft).
1.2.3 Method C—Testing multiple layers of multiple
3.1.2 breaking force, (F), n—the force at failure.
geogrid ribs in tension (kN/m or lbf/ft).
3.1.3 corresponding force, n—synonym for force at speci-
1.3 This test method is intended for quality control and
fied elongation.
conformance testing of geogrids.
3.1.4 force at specified elongation, FASE, n—a force asso-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ciated with a specific elongation on the force-elongation curve
standard. The inch-pound values stated in parentheses are
(synonym for corresponding force.)
provided for information only.
3.1.5 force-elongation curve, n—inatensiletest,agraphical
1.5 This standard may involve hazardous materials,
representation of the relationship between the magnitude of an
operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
externally applied force and the change in length of the
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
specimen in the direction of the applied force (synonym for
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
stress-strain curve.)
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
3.1.6 geogrid, n—a geosynthetic formed by a regular net-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
work of integrally connected elements with aperetures greater
1
than 6.35 mm ( ⁄4 in.) to allow interlocking with surrounding
2. Referenced Documents
soil, rock, earth, and other surrounding materials to primarily
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
function as reinforcement. D5262
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
3.1.7 geosynthetic, n—a product manufactured from poly-
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
mericmaterialusedwithsoil,rock,earth,orothergeotechnical
D1909 Standard Tables of Commercial Moisture Regains
engineering related material as an integral part of a man made
and Commercial Allowances for Textile Fibers
project, structure, or system.
D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and Rolled
3.1.8 index test, n—a test procedure which may contain
known bias, but which may be used to establish an order for a
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on set of specimens with respect to the property of interest.
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.01 on Mechani-
3.1.9 integral, adj—in geosynthetics, forming a necessary
cal Properties.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published October 2011. Originally part of the whole; a constituent.
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6637–01(2010).
3.1.10 junction, n—the point where geogrid ribs are inter-
DOI: 10.1520/D6637-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or connected to provide structure and dimensional stability.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.1.11 rib, n—for geogrids, the continuous elements of a
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. geogrid which are interconnected to a node or junction.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6637 − 11
3.1.12 rupture, n—for geogrids, the breaking or tearing specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers
apart of ribs. to each laboratory for testing.The average results from the two
laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test for
3.1.13 tensile, adj—capable of tensions, or r
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6637–10 Designation:D6637–11
Standard Test Method for
Determining Tensile Properties of Geogrids by the Single or
1
Multi-Rib Tensile Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6637; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tensile strength properties of geogrids by subjecting strips of varying width
to tensile loading.
1.2 Three alternative procedures are provided to determine the tensile strength, as follows:
1.2.1 Method A—Testing a single geogrid rib in tension (N or lbf).
1.2.2 Method B—Testing multiple geogrid ribs in tension (kN/m or lbf/ft).
1.2.3 Method C—Testing multiple layers of multiple geogrid ribs in tension (kN/m or lbf/ft).
1.3 This test method is intended for quality control and conformance testing of geogrids.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound values stated in parentheses are provided
for information only.
1.5 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all
of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate
safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1909 Standard Table of Commercial Moisture Regains for Textile Fibers
D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for Testing
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D5262 Test Method for Evaluating the Unconfined Tension Creep and Creep Rupture Behavior of Geosynthetics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 atmosphere for testing geosynthetics, n—air maintained at a relative humidity of 50 to 70 % and a temperature of 21 6
2°C (70 6 4°F).
3.1.2 breaking force, (F), n—the force at failure.
3.1.3 corresponding force, n—synonym for force at specified elongation.
3.1.4 force at specified elongation, FASE, n—a force associated with a specific elongation on the force-elongation curve
(synonym for corresponding force.)
3.1.5 force-elongation curve, n—in a tensile test, a graphical representation of the relationship between the magnitude of an
externally applied force and the change in length of the specimen in the direction of the applied force (synonym for stress-strain
curve.)
3.1.6 geogrid, n—ageosyntheticformedbyaregularnetworkofintegrallyconnectedelementswithapereturesgreaterthan6.35
1
mm ( ⁄4 in.) to allow interlocking with surrounding soil, rock, earth, and other surrounding materials to primarily function as
reinforcement. D5262
3.1.7 geosynthetic, n—a product manufactured from polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geotechnical
engineering related material as an integral part of a man made project, structure, or system.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.01 on Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved MarchOct. 1, 2010.2011. Published April 2010.October 2011. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 20092010 as
D6637–01(20109). DOI: 10.1520/D6637-101.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6637–11
3.1.8 index test, n—a test procedure which may contain known bias, but which may be used to establish an order for a set of
specimens with respect to the property of interest.
3.1.9 integral, adj—in geosynthetics, forming a necessary part of the whole; a constituent.
3.1.10 junction, n—the point where geogrid ribs are interconnected to provide structure and dimensional stability.
3.1.11 rib, n—for geogrids, the continuous elements of a geogrid which are either in the machine or cross-machine direction
as manufactured. —for geogrids, the continuous elements
...
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