ASTM E2428-15a

Standard Practice for Calibration and Verification of Torque Transducers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Testing machines that apply and indicate torque are in general use in many industries. Practice E2624 has been written to provide a practice for the torque verification of these machines. A necessary element in Practice E2624 is the use of devices whose torque characteristics are known to be metrologically traceable to the International System of Units (SI). Practice E2428 describes how these devices are to be calibrated. The procedures are useful to users of testing machines, manufacturers and providers of torque measuring instruments, calibration laboratories that provide calibration services and documents of metrological traceability, and service organizations using devices to verify testing machines.
SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this practice is to specify the procedure for the calibration of torque transducers.
Note 1: Verification by deadweight and a lever arm is an acceptable method of verifying the torque indication of a testing machine. Tolerances for weights used are tabulated in Practice E2624; methods for calibration of the weights are given in NIST Technical Note 577, Methods of Calibrating Weights for Piston Gages.2  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Other metric and inch-pound values are regarded as equivalent when required.  
1.3 This practice is intended for the calibration of static torque measuring instruments. The practice is not applicable for dynamic or high-speed torque calibrations or measurements, nor can the results of calibrations performed in accordance with this practice be assumed valid for dynamic or high speed torque measurements.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-May-2015
• ICS: 19.100 - Non-destructive testing
• Technical Committee: E28 - Mechanical Testing
• Drafting Committee: E28.01 - Calibration of Mechanical Testing Machines and Apparatus

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2428 −15a
Standard Practice for
1
Calibration and Verification of Torque Transducers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2428; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 ASME Standard:
4
B46.1Surface Texture
1.1 The purpose of this practice is to specify the procedure
5
2.3 BIPM Standard
for the calibration of torque transducers.
JCGM200Internationalvocabularyofmetrology–Basicand
NOTE 1—Verification by deadweight and a lever arm is an acceptable
general concepts and associated terms (VIM)
methodofverifyingthetorqueindicationofatestingmachine.Tolerances
for weights used are tabulated in Practice E2624; methods for calibration
3. Terminology
of the weights are given in NIST Technical Note 577, Methods of
2
Calibrating Weights for Piston Gages.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 3.1.1 primary torque standard—a deadweight force applied
standard. Other metric and inch-pound values are regarded as
through a lever arm or wheel, all displaying metrological
equivalent when required. traceability to the International System of Units (SI).
3.1.1.1 Discussion—for further definition of the term met-
1.3 This practice is intended for the calibration of static
rological traceability, refer to the latest revision of JCGM:200.
torque measuring instruments. The practice is not applicable
for dynamic or high-speed torque calibrations or 3.1.2 secondary torque standard—an instrument or
mechanism, the calibration of which has been established by a
measurements, nor can the results of calibrations performed in
accordance with this practice be assumed valid for dynamic or comparison with a primary torque standard(s).
high speed torque measurements.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.2.1 calibration equation—a mathematical relationship be-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the tween deflection and torque established from the calibration
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- data for use with the torque transducer in service, sometimes
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
called the calibration curve.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Torque transducers have torque-to-
deflection relationships that can be fitted to polynomial equa-
2. Referenced Documents
tions.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.2 continuous-reading device—a class of instruments
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
whose characteristics permit interpolation of torque values
Determine Conformance with Specifications
between calibrated torque values.
E2624Practice for Torque Calibration of Testing Machines
3.2.2.1 Discussion—Such instruments usually have torque-
and Devices
to-deflection relationships that can be fitted to polynomial
equations. Departures from the fitted curve are reflected in the
uncertainty (see 8.5).
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE28onMechanical
Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.01 on Calibration of 3.2.3 creep—The change in deflection of the torque trans-
Mechanical Testing Machines and Apparatus.
ducer under constant applied torque.
Current edition approved May 15, 2015. Published May 2015. Originally
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E2428–15. DOI:
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Creep is expressed as a percentage of
10.1520/E2428-15A.
the output change at a constant applied torque from an initial
2
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
3 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on www.asme.org.
5
the ASTM website.
BIPM, Pavillon de Breteuil, F-92312 Sèvres Cedex. http://www.bipm.org
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E2428 − 15a
time following the achievement of mechanical and electrical 4. Significance and Use
stabilityandthetimeatwhichthetestisconcluded.Validcreep
4.1 Testing machines that apply and indicate torque are in
tests may require the use of
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2428 − 15 E2428 − 15a
Standard Practice for
Calibration of Torque-Measuring Instruments for Verifying
the Torque Indication of Torque Testing Machinesand
1
Verification of Torque Transducers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2428; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This The purpose of this practice is to specify the procedure for the calibration of elastic torque-measuring instrument-
s.torque transducers.
NOTE 1—Verification by deadweight and a lever arm is an acceptable method of verifying the torque indication of a torque testing machine. Tolerances
for weights used are tabulated in Practice E2624; methods for calibration of the weights are given in NIST Technical Note 577, Methods of Calibrating
2
Weights for Piston Gages.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Other metric and inch-pound values are regarded as equivalent
when required.
1.3 This practice is intended for the calibration of static torque measuring instruments. The practice is not applicable for
dynamic or high-speed torque calibrations or measurements, nor can the results of calibrations performed in accordance with this
practice be assumed valid for dynamic or high speed torque measurements.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E2624 Practice for Torque Calibration of Testing Machines and Devices
2.2 American National ASME Standard:
4
B46.1 Surface Texture
5
2.3 BIPM Standard
JCGM 200 International vocabulary of meterology–Basicmetrology–Basic and general concepts and associated terms (VIM)
ELASTIC TORQUE-MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 elastic torque-measuring device—a device or system consisting of an elastic member combined with a device for
indicating the measured values (or a quantity proportional to the measured value) of deformation of the member under an applied
torque.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.01 on Calibration of
Mechanical Testing Machines and Apparatus.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2015May 15, 2015. Published May 2015. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 20142015 as E2428–14.–15.
DOI: 10.1520/E2428-15.10.1520/E2428-15A.
2
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters,
Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.10016-5990, http://www.asme.org.
5
BIPM, Pavillon de Breteuil, F-92312 Sèvres Cedex. http://www.bipm.org
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2428 − 15a
3.1.1 primary torque standard—a deadweight force applied through a lever arm or wheel, all displaying metrological
traceability to the International System of Units (SI).
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
for further definition of the term metrological traceability, refer to the latest revision of JCGM:200.
3.1.2 secondary torque standard—an instrument or mechanism, that the calibration of which has been calibratedestablished by
a comparison with a primary torque standard(s).
3.1.4 torque—a vector product of force and length, expressed in terms of N-m, lbf-in., etc.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 calibration equation—a mathematical relationship between deflection and torque established from the
...