ASTM D3921-96
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Oil and Grease and Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Water
Standard Test Method for Oil and Grease and Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Water
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of fluorocarbon-extractable substances as an estimation of the combined oil and grease and the petroleum hydrocarbon contents of a sample of water or waste water in the range from 0.5 to 100 mg/L. It is the user's responsibility to assume the validity of the standard for untested types of water.
1.2 This test method defines oil and grease in water and waste water as that matter which is extractable in the test method and measured by infrared absorption. Similarly, this test method defines petroleum hydrocarbons in water and waste water as that oil and grease which is not adsorbed by silica gel in the test method and that is measured by infrared absorption.
1.3 Low-boiling organic materials are lost by evaporation during the manipulative transfers. However, these evaporative losses are generally much lower than those experienced with gravimetric procedures that require solvent evaporation before the residue is weighed.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 3921 – 96
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
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Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
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Oil and Grease and Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3921; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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1. Scope dures and a Discussion on Reporting Low-Level Data
D 5789 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
1.1 This test method covers the determination of
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for Standard Test Methods for Organic Constituents
fluorocarbon-extractable substances as an estimation of the
E 168 Practices for General Techniques of Infrared Quan-
combined oil and grease and the petroleum hydrocarbon
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titative Analysis
contents of a sample of water or waste water in the range from
0.5 to 100 mg/L. It is the user’s responsibility to assume the
3. Terminology
validity of the standard for untested types of water.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
1.2 This test method defines oil and grease in water and
method, refer to Terminology D 1129 and Practices E 168.
waste water as that matter which is extractable in the test
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
method and measured by infrared absorption. Similarly, this
3.2.1 oil and grease—the organic matter extracted from
test method defines petroleum hydrocarbons in water and waste
water or waste water and measured by this test method.
water as that oil and grease which is not adsorbed by silica gel
3.2.2 petroleum hydrocarbons—the oil and grease remain-
in the test method and that is measured by infrared absorption.
ing in solution after contact with silica gel and measured by
1.3 Low-boiling organic materials are lost by evaporation
this test method.
during the manipulative transfers. However, these evaporative
losses are generally much lower than those experienced with 4. Summary of Test Method
gravimetric procedures that require solvent evaporation before
4.1 The acidified sample of water or waste water is ex-
the residue is weighed.
tracted serially with three 30-mL volumes of 1, 1, 2-trichloro-1,
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2, 2-trifluoroethane (referred to in this test method as sol-
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safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
vent). The extract is diluted to 100 mL and a portion is
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responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
examined by infrared spectroscopy to measure the amount of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
oil and grease removed from the original sample. A major
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
portion of the remaining extract is contacted with silica gel to
remove polar substances, thereby providing a solution of
2. Referenced Documents
petroleum hydrocarbons. This treated extract is then similarly
2.1 ASTM Standards:
examined by infrared spectroscopy.
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D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
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5. Significance and Use
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D 2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of 5.1 The presence of oil and grease in domestic and indus-
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Applicable Methods of Committee D-19 on Water
trial waste water is of concern to the public because of its
D 3325 Practice for Preservation of Waterborne Oil deleterious aesthetic effect and its impact on aquatic life.
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Samples
Regulations and standards have been established that require
D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Con- monitoring of oil and grease in water and waste water. This test
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duits
method provides an analytical procedure to measure oil and
D 3856 Guide for Good Laboratory Practices in Laborato- grease in water and waste water.
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ries Engaged in Sampling and Analysis of Water
6. Interferences
D 4210 Practice for Interlaboratory Quality Control Proce-
6.1 Since the constituents oil and grease and petroleum
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-19 on Water
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and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods for Analysis for Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
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Organic Substances in Water. Gruenfeld, M., “Extraction of Dispersed Oils from Water for Quantitative
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 1996. Published April 1996. Originally Analysis by Infrared Spectrophotometry,” Environmental Science and Technology,
published as D 3921 – 80. Last previous edition D 3921 – 85 (90). Vol 7, 1973, pp. 636–639.
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Annual Book of ASTM
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