ASTM D2092-95

Standard Guide for Preparation of Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Surfaces for Painting

SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes eight methods of treating new zinc-coated (galvanized) surfaces produced by either the hot-dip method or by electroplating. This practice covers surfaces that have not been treated previously at the mill to provide temporary protection against staining by moisture other than by easily removed protective oils (see Appendix X1).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Apr-1995
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.46 - Industrial Protective Coatings

Relations

• Referred By: ASTM D6492-99(2022) - Standard Practice for Detection of Hexavalent Chromium On Zinc and Zinc/Aluminum Alloy Coated Steel
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-1995
• Referred By: ASTM D3322-23 - Standard Practice for Testing Primers and Primer Surfacers Over Preformed Metal
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-1995
• Referred By: ASTM D2248-01a(2018) - Standard Practice for Detergent Resistance of Organic Finishes
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-1995
• Referred By: ASTM E761/E761M-92(2023) - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Sprayed Fire-Resistive Material Applied to Structural Members
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-1995
• Referred By: ASTM D3359-23 - Standard Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-1995
• Referred By: ASTM B633-23 - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on Iron and Steel
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-1995
• Referred By: ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-1995
• Referred By: ASTM D3451-06(2017) - Standard Guide for Testing Coating Powders and Powder Coatings
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-1995

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 2092 – 95
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Guide for
Preparation of Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Surfaces for
Painting
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2092; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.2.6 Method F—Amorphous Complex-Oxide Treatment.
3.2.7 Method G—Abrasive Blast Cleaning.
1.1 This guide describes eight methods of treating new
3.2.8 Method H—Fluro-Titanic/Zirconic Polymer Treat-
zinc-coated (galvanized) surfaces produced by either the hot-
ment.
dip method or by electroplating. This practice covers surfaces
that have not been treated previously at the mill to provide
NOTE 1—Materials employed in these methods of treatment are avail-
temporary protection against staining by moisture other than by able from a number of sources as proprietary compounds or methods.
Selection may be made from available sources.
easily removed protective oils (see Appendix X1).
NOTE 2—The use of solvents containing volatile organic compounds to
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
prepare or treat the surface of metal components contributes to air
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
pollution in the same manner as the use of solvent containing paints and
only.
coatings. The user of this standard must determine the applicability of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
appropriate regulations governing the volatile organic compound content
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of the materials used in a shop application (Miscellaneous Metal Parts),
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- field painting (Architectural), or specific process industry.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.3 Variations in surface preparation produce end conditions
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
that differ, hense do not necessarily yield identical results when
paints are subsequently applied. Service conditions will dictate
2. Referenced Documents
the type of surface preparation to be selected, although the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
quality produced by any individual method may vary with
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
different zinc coatings.
2.2 Steel Structures Painting Council Specification:
3.4 Galvanized surfaces are treated by using various meth-
Paint No. 27 Basic Zinc Chromate-Vinyl Butyrol Wash
ods and apparatus; satisfactory application may be made at the
Primer
following locations:
Mill Plant Field
3. Summary of Guide
Method A Y Y Y
3.1 This guide describes treatment methods that provide Method B Y Y .
Method C Y Y .
galvanized surfaces suitable for painting, specifically so that an
Method D Y Y Y
applied coating system can develop the adhesion necessary for
Method E Y . .
satisfactory service life. Method F Y Y .
Method G Y Y Y
3.2 Eight methods of surface preparation (Note 1 and Note
Method H Y Y .
2) are covered as follows:
3.5 This guide does not describe the cleaning necessary to
3.2.1 Method A—Zinc Phosphate Treatment.
provide a zinc-coated (galvanized) surface suitable for the
3.2.2 Method B—Chromate Treatment.
application of the treatments. Many cleaning methods are
3.2.3 Method C—Aqueous Chromic-Organic Treatment.
applicable and should be agreed upon between the purchaser
3.2.4 Method D—Acid-Curing Resinous Treatment.
and the supplier.
3.2.5 Method E—Annealing Heat Treatments.
NOTE 3—Most producers of zinc-coated (galvanized) steel sheets and
1 coils have adopted the practice of applying an inhibitor to the zinc surface
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint and
to give temporary protection against staining by moisture during shipping
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
or storage. Some of these inhibitors interfere with proper reaction of most
Subcommittee D01.46 on Industrial Protective Coatings.
Current edition approved April 15, 1995. Published June 1995. Originally of the treatments described in these methods, and an unsatisfactory surface
published as D 2092 – 86. Last previous edition D 2092 – 86 (1993).
for painting results. It is strongly recommended that the purchaser consult
ASTM Book of Standards, Vol 11.01.
the supplier of the chemical treatment to be used as to the suitability of the
Available from Steel Structures Painting Council, 4516 Henry St., Suite 3015,
zinc surfaces for treatment by any of these methods (see Appendix X2).
Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
D 2092
4. Significance and Use two-package material to be used the day it is mixed and (2)
one-package material that has package stability and does not
4.1 This guide describes procedures that can be used to
require daily preparation.
prepare new zinc-coated surfaces for painting and improve the
bond of paint to the zinc surface.
NOTE 4—It may be difficult to control the dry film thickness within the
parameters of this specification when applied by brush, roller, or dip
5. Processes
coater.
5.1 Method A, Zinc Phosphate Treatment—This
5.5 Method E, Annealing Heat Treatments—Under the con-
conversion-coating method consists of reacting the zinc surface
trolled conditions obtainable in a mill, hot-dip galvanized
in a zinc acid phosphate solution containing oxidizing agents
surfaces may be converted and alloyed with the base metal to
and other salts for accelerating the coating action. The zinc
change the surface character of the zinc coating and make it
surface is converted to a crystalline phosphate coating of the
more receptive to paint. This surface can be further improved
proper texture to inhibit corrosion and increase the adherence
by treating in accordance with Methods A, B, C, or D.
and durability of the paint film. Such treatments are recom-
5.6 Method F, Amorphous Complex-Oxide Treatment—This
mended for product finishes and may be carried out by
surface treatment method consists of reacting the zinc surface
immersion, spray, or brush application.
in an alkaline solution containing heavy metal ions for a period
5.2 Method B, Chromate Treatment—This treatment con-
of 5 to 30 s at 115 to 160°F (45 to 70°C). The surface of the
sists of a dip or spray with a dilute solution of a mixture of
zinc is converted to a nonmetallic, amorphous, complex-oxide
chromium trioxide and other acids, with the proper accelerator,
coating that inhibits corrosion and increases the adhesion and
for a period from 5 to 30 s at room temperature to 130°F
durability of paint finishes. The treatment can be carrie
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