ASTM D1598-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure
Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The data obtained by this test method are useful for establishing stress versus failure time relationships in a controlled environment from which the hydrostatic design basis for plastic pipe materials can be computed. (Refer to Test Method D2837 and Practice D2992.)
5.2 In order to determine how plastics will perform as pipe, it is necessary to establish the stress-failure time relationships for pipe over 2 or more logarithmic decades of time (hours) in a controlled environment. Because of the nature of the test and specimens employed, no single line can adequately represent the data, and therefore the confidence limits should be established.
Note 2: Some materials may exhibit a nonlinear relationship between log-stress and log-failure time, usually at short failure times. In such cases, the 105-hour stress value computed on the basis of short-term test data may be significantly different than the value obtained when a distribution of data points in accordance with Test Method D2837 is evaluated. However, these data may still be useful for quality control or other applications, provided correlation with long-term data has been established.
5.3 The factors that affect creep and long-term strength behavior of plastic pipe are not completely known at this time. This procedure takes into account those factors that are known to have important influences and provides a tool for investigating others.
5.4 Creep, or nonrecoverable deformation for pipe made of some plastics, is as important as actual leakage in deciding whether or not a pipe has failed. Specimens that exhibit localized ballooning, however, may lead to erroneous interpretation of the creep results unless a method of determining creep is established that precludes such a possibility. Circumferential measurements at two or three selected positions on a specimen may not be adequate.
5.5 Great care must be used to ensure that specimens are representative of the pipe under evaluation. Departure...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time-to-failure of both thermoplastic and reinforced thermosetting/resin pipe under constant internal pressure.
1.2 This test method provides a method of characterizing plastics in the form of pipe under the conditions prescribed.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D1598 − 15
StandardTest Method for
Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal
1
Pressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1598; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
to-failure of both thermoplastic and reinforced thermosetting/
3.1.1 failure, n—occurrence of ballooning, rupture, seepage
resin pipe under constant internal pressure.
or weeping.
1.2 This test method provides a method of characterizing
3.1.1.1 ballooning, n—any localized expansion of a pipe
plastics in the form of pipe under the conditions prescribed.
while under internal pressure. This is sometimes referred to as
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
ductile failure.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1.1.1.1 Discussion—Overall distention caused by applied
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
stress is not considered to be a failure.
and are not considered standard.
3.1.1.2 rupture, n—a break in the pipe wall with immediate
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
loss of test fluid and continued loss at essentially no pressure.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Ifruptureisnotprecededbysomeyielding,thismaybetermed
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
a non-ductile failure.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.1.3 seepage or weeping, n—test fluid passing through
cracks in the pipe wall to an extent detectable visually or
2. Referenced Documents
electronically. A reduction in pressure will frequently enable
2
the pipe to carry fluid without apparent evidence of loss of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2122Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther- fluid.
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
3.1.2 free (unrestrained) end closure, n—a pipe specimen
D2837Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis
end closure(cap) that seals the end of the pipe against loss of
forThermoplasticPipeMaterialsorPressureDesignBasis
internal fluid and is fastened to the pipe specimen.
for Thermoplastic Pipe Products
D2992Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure De- 3.1.3 restrained end closure, n—a pipe specimen end clo-
sign Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced
sure (cap) that seals the end of the specimen against loss of
Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Fittings
internal fluid and pressure, but is not fastened to the pipe
D3517 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-
specimen. Retained end closures rely on tie-rod(s) through the
Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pressure Pipe
pipe specimen or on an external structure to resist internal
D3567PracticeforDeterminingDimensionsof“Fiberglass”
pressure end thrust.
(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and
Fittings
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Thistestmethodconsistsofexposingspecimensofpipe
to a constant internal pressure while in a controlled environ-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
ment.Suchacontrolledenvironmentmaybeaccomplishedby,
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test
Methods.
but is not limited to, immersing the specimens in a controlled
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally
temperature water or air bath. The time-to-failure is measured.
approved 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D1598–02(2009). DOI:
10.1520/D1598-15.
NOTE 1—Dimensional changes should be measured on specimens
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
undergoing long-term strength tests. Measurements using circumferential
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
tapes, strain gages, or mechanical extensometers provide useful informa-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tion.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1598 − 15
5. Significance and Use 6.4 Timing Device—Atime meter connected to the pressur-
ized fluid side of the system through a pressure or flow switch,
5.1 The data obtained by this test method are useful for
orboth.Thetimingdeviceandpressureorflowswitch,orboth,
es
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1598 − 02 (Reapproved 2009) D1598 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal
1
Pressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1598; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time-to-failure of both thermoplastic and reinforced thermosetting/resin
pipe under constant internal pressure.
1.2 This test method provides a method of characterizing plastics in the form of pipe under the conditions prescribed.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis for
Thermoplastic Pipe Products
D2992 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure Design Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-
Resin) Pipe and Fittings
D3517 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pressure Pipe
D3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and Fittings
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 failure—any continuous loss of pressure with or without the transmission of the test fluid through the body of the specimen
under test shall constitute failure. Failure may be by one or a combination of the following modes:
3.1.1 ballooning—failure, n—any localized expansion of a pipe specimen while under internal pressure. This is sometimes
referred to as ductile failure. occurrence of ballooning, rupture, seepage or weeping.
NOTE 1—Overall distention which results from creep caused by long-term stress is not considered to be a ballooning failure.
3.1.1.1 ballooning, n—any localized expansion of a pipe while under internal pressure. This is sometimes referred to as ductile
failure.
3.1.1.1.1 Discussion—Overall distention caused by applied stress is not considered to be a failure.
3.1.1.2 rupture, n—a break in the pipe wall with immediate loss of test fluid and continued loss at essentially no pressure. If
rupture is not preceded by some yielding, this may be termed a non-ductile failure.
3.1.1.3 seepage or weeping, n—test fluid passing through cracks in the pipe wall to an extent detectable visually or
electronically. A reduction in pressure will frequently enable the pipe to carry fluid without apparent evidence of loss of fluid.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2009Nov. 1, 2015. Published November 2009December 2015. Originally approved 1958. Last previous edition approved in 20082009
as D1598 – 02(2008).(2009). DOI: 10.1520/D1598-02R09.10.1520/D1598-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1598 − 15
3.1.2 free (unrestrained) end closure—closure, n—a pipe specimen end closure (cap) closure(cap) that seals the end of the pipe
against loss of internal fluid and pressure, and is fastened to the pipe specimen.
3.1.3 restrained end closure—closure, n—a pipe specimen end closure (cap) that seals the end of the specimen against loss of
internal fluid and pressure, but is not fastened to the pipe speci
...
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