ASTM B777-07(2013)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Tungsten Base, High-Density Metal
Standard Specification for Tungsten Base, High-Density Metal
ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for four classes of machinable, high-density tungsten base metal produced by consolidating metal powder mixtures, the composition of which is mainly tungsten. This material specification may be used for bare parts or for parts that may be coated with other materials for protection against corrosion and abrasion; intended for uses such as weights or counter-balances in static or dynamic balancing, high-speed rotating inertia members, radiation shielding, hypervelocity impact, and vibration-damping applications. The chemical; physical properties, such as microstructure and machinability; mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and hardness; and composition requirements, such as density; are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for four classes of machinable, high-density tungsten base metal produced by consolidating metal powder mixtures, the composition of which is mainly tungsten. This material specification may be used for bare parts or for parts that may be coated with other materials for protection against corrosion and abrasion.
1.2 Intended Use—Parts made from this material are intended for uses such as weights or counter-balances in static or dynamic balancing, high-speed rotating inertia members, radiation shielding, hypervelocity impact, and vibration-damping applications.
1.3 Special Applications—For particular applications, properties or requirements other than those specified in Sections 5, 6, and 7 of this specification may be important. These alloys may contain elements which make them magnetic. Where freedom from magnetic response is required, this should be specified in the purchase order. Class 4 is not available in a non-magnetic grade. For purposes of this specification, non-magnetic material is defined as material having a maximum magnetic permeability of 1.05 (see Test Method B193). Also for special applications involving large sections, methods for determining internal quality, such as mechanical tests on specimens from these larger sections or suitable nondestructive tests may be applied. If required, these additional tests shall be specified in the purchase order.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:B777 −07(Reapproved 2013)
Standard Specification for
Tungsten Base, High-Density Metal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B777; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor
Materials
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for four
B311 Test Method for Density of Powder Metallurgy (PM)
classes of machinable, high-density tungsten base metal pro-
Materials Containing Less Than Two Percent Porosity
duced by consolidating metal powder mixtures, the composi-
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
tion of which is mainly tungsten. This material specification
E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
may be used for bare parts or for parts that may be coated with
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
other materials for protection against corrosion and abrasion.
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
1.2 Intended Use—Parts made from this material are in-
terials
tended for uses such as weights or counter-balances in static or
E407 Practice for Microetching Metals and Alloys
dynamic balancing, high-speed rotating inertia members, ra-
2.2 Federal Standard:
diationshielding,hypervelocityimpact,andvibration-damping
Fed. Std. No. 151 Metals, Test Methods
applications.
1.3 Special Applications—For particular applications, prop-
3. Classification
erties or requirements other than those specified in Sections 5,
3.1 Thetungstenbasemetalshallbeofthefollowingclasses
6, and 7 of this specification may be important. These alloys
(see Table 1 and Table 2), as specified (see 4.1):
may contain elements which make them magnetic. Where
Class Tungsten, Nominal Wt.
freedom from magnetic response is required, this should be
%
specified in the purchase order. Class 4 is not available in a
non-magnetic grade. For purposes of this specification, non-
2 92.5
magnetic material is defined as material having a maximum
magnetic permeability of 1.05 (see Test Method B193). Also
for special applications involving large sections, methods for
determining internal quality, such as mechanical tests on
4. Ordering Information
specimens from these larger sections or suitable nondestructive
4.1 Orders for tungsten base, high-density metal should
tests may be applied. If required, these additional tests shall be
specify the following:
specified in the purchase order.
4.1.1 Title, designation, and year of issue of this
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
specification,
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4.1.2 Class, (see 3.1),
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1.3 Machinability requirements, if any (see 7.3),
and are not considered standard.
4.1.4 Quantity,
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.5 Levels of preservation and packing (see 9.1),
4.1.6 Special markings, if required (see 9.2),
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A600 Specification for Tool Steel High Speed 4.1.7 Methodofhardnesstesting,ifdifferentfromRockwell
“C” (see Table 1),
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on
4.1.8 Freedom of parts from magnetic response, if required
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of
(see 1.3), and
Subcommittee B10.04 on Molybdenum and Tungsten.
4.1.9 Dimensions and tolerances.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published May 2013. Originally
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as B777 – 07. DOI:
10.1520/B0777-07R13.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. www.dodssp.daps.mil.
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B777−07 (2013)
TABLE 1 Composition, Density and Hardness Properties
facilities for the performance of the inspection or any other
A,B
Nominal facility that is acceptable to the purchaser.
Hardness
Density,
Class Tungsten, Rockwell “C,”
g/cc
max
weight % 8.2 Responsibility for Compliance—All parts must meet all
1 90 16.85–17.25 32 the requirements agreed upon by purchaser and manufacturer
2 92.5 17.15–17.85 33
from Sections 4, 6 and 7. The inspections set forth in this
3 95 17.75–18.35 34
specification shall become a part of the manufacturer’s overall
4 97 18.25–18.85 35
inspection system or quality program.
A
When specified by the purchaser, other hardness testing methods may be
employed.
8.3 Quality Conformance Inspection:
B
For mechanically worked or aged material, the hardness can be as high as R 46.
c
8.3.1 Inspection Lot—An inspection lot shall consist of a
uniform blend from one batch of powder, and submitted for
TABLE 2 Mechanical Properties, Minimum Values inspection at one time. If a shipment is made from more than
one lot, the purchaser may choose to consider that shipment as
Yield Strength
Ultimate Tensile
A
at 0.2 % Off-
a single inspection lot or may choose to separate the shipment
Elongation,
Strength
Class
set
%
into several inspection lots for acceptance purposes.
ksi MPa ksi MPa
8.3.2 Sampling—Unless otherwise specified, a minimum of
B B
1110 758 75 517 5
B B two sintered test bars and one chemical analysis sample shall
2110 758 75 517 5
B B
be made from each powder lot.
3 105 724 75 517 3
4 100 689 75 517 2
8.3.3
...
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