ASTM D3474-90(2007)

Standard Practice for Calibration and Use of Torque Meters Used in Packaging Applications

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice can be used to check devices used to measure the application and removal torques of continuous or intermittent thread and lug closures.
This practice can be used to determine the amount of torque to either apply or remove a closure.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the calibration and use of torque meters of the type normally used in packaging applications.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2007
• ICS: 55.200 - Packaging machinery
• Technical Committee: D10 - Packaging

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3474-90(2002) - Standard Practice for The Calibration and Use of Torque Meters Used in Packaging Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2007
• Replaced By: ASTM D3474-90(2012) - Standard Practice for Calibration and Use of Torque Meters Used in Packaging Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D7860-14(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Torque Retention for Child Resistant and Non-Child Resistant Packages with Continuous Thread Closures Using Automated Torque Testing Equipment
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D2063/D2063M-10(2018) - Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Torque Retention for Packages with Continuous Thread Closures Using Non-Automated (Manual) Torque Testing Equipment
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3474–90(Reapproved 2007)
Standard Practice for
Calibration and Use of Torque Meters Used in Packaging
Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3474; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 5.2 This practice can be used to determine the amount of
torque to either apply or remove a closure.
1.1 This practice covers the calibration and use of torque
meters of the type normally used in packaging applications.
6. Apparatus
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6.1 Adapter—A circular plate that can be mounted concen-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
trically on the platform of the tester. If the platform itself is
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
suitable, an adapter is not necessary. The adapter should be of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
such diameter that its radius multiplied by appropriate weights
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1 1
will give torque values equal to ⁄4 , ⁄2 , and full-scale meter
2. Referenced Documents readings. (Typical devices for packaging applications have
2 ranges from: 0 to 10, 0 to 25, 0 to 50, and 0 to 100 lbf-in. (0
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to 1.13, 0 to 2.8, 0 to 5.7, and 0 to 11.3 N/m, respectively).
D3198 Test Method forApplication and RemovalTorque of
6.2 Connecting Means—Avery flexible, thin filament, such
Threaded or Lug-Style Closures
as a wire or fishing line that transmits the force of hanging
3. Terminology weights to the circumference of the adapter.
6.3 Pulley, low friction, used to change the direction of the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of application torque and
connecting means from horizontal to vertical.
removal torque, see Test Method D3198.
6.4 Appropriate Dead Weights, for example: 2, 4, and 7-lb
3.2 stripping torque— a force or system of forces acting in
(0.9, 1.8, and 3.2-kg) for a torque meter with a 7 in. (178 mm)
a tightening direction that causes overrunning of the threads or
diameterplateorplatformandarangeof0to25in-lbs(0to2.8
rotation of an overshell with respect to its supporting member.
N-m).
4. Summary of Practice
7. Conditioning
4.1 Calibration— Reference torque values are obtained by
7.1 Prior to calibration, the torque meter and weights shall
means of vertically suspended dead weights acting at specific
be allowed to come to ambient room conditions.
distances from the axis of the mounting platform of the tester.
4.2 Use—Torque values to apply or remove closures are
8. Calibration Procedures (see Fig. 1)
obtained by mounting containers on the platform and either
8.1 Spring-Loaded Type Testers :
applying or removing the closures. In some applications, the
8.1.1 Verify that the meter needle moves freely throughout
closure is mounted on the platform and the container is rotated.
its entire range and rests on zero when not loaded. Adjust if
5. Significance and Use
necessary.
8.1.2 If an adapter is used, fasten it securely and concentri-
5.1 This practice can be used to check devices used to
cally to the tester platform or spindle.
measure the application and removal torques of continuous or
8.1.3 Secure the torque meter to a table or work surface.
intermittent thread and lug closures.
8.1.4 Secure one end of the connecting means to a point on
the circumference of the adapter or rotating platform and wrap
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packaging
it at least halfway around the circumference.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.32 on Consumer, Pharmaceu-
8.1.5 Run the connecting means over a low friction pulley
tical and Medical Packaging.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007. Published October 2007. Originally located near the edge of a bench or table, and let it hang
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D3474 – 90 (2002).
vertically for the attachment of weights.
DOI: 10.1520/D3474-90R07.
8.1.6 Sequentially,attachdeadweightsappropriatelytogive
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1 1
torque values equal to ⁄4 , ⁄2 , and full-scale meter readings.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Make certain that the weights are hanging freely. Record the
the ASTM website.
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D3474–90 (2007)
FIG. 1 Torque Meter Calibration Set Up
weight, radius and the meter reading at each test point, making 9.1.2.1 Position the container or closure in the restraining
certain that the needle returns to zero when the weights are grippers of the torque tester or holding jig so that the center of
removed. the neck is over the center line of the torque tester.
8.1.7 If the difference between the measured and indicated
NOTE 1—It is important that the spacing between the posts be such that
readings differ from the manufacturers’ specification (usually
thecontainerorclosureissecurelyheldbutnotdeformed.Containerswith
64 % of full scale), the user will need to generate a calibration
offset necks must be offset.
chart or have the instrument repaired.
9.1.2.2 Torque the movable component by rotating
8.1.8 For torque meters that
...