ASTM C147-86(1995)

Standard Test Methods for Internal Pressure Strength of Glass Containers

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the breaking strength of glass containers when subjected to internal pressure. These test methods are intended to determine the pressure strength of containers manufactured to contain products reasonably expected to develop a sustained pressure of 138 kPa (20 psi) or greater, after processing. Two test methods are covered as follows: SectionsTest Method A-Application of Uniform Internal Pressure for a Predetermined Period5-7Test Method B-Application of Internal Pressure Increasing at a Predetermined Constant Rate8-10
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1999
• Technical Committee: C14 - Glass and Glass Products
• Drafting Committee: C14.07 - Glass Containers

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C147-86(2000) - Standard Test Methods for Internal Pressure Strength of Glass Containers
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000
• Referred By: ASTM C224-78(2020) - Standard Practice for Sampling Glass Containers
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 147 – 86 (Reapproved 1995)
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Methods for
Internal Pressure Strength of Glass Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope internal pressure reference test materials are not available.
4.2 Test Method A—The pressure test precision is within
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
one half the incremental step size used at failure. Pressure test
breaking strength of glass containers when subjected to internal
bias is generally within 61 % of full scale.
pressure. These test methods are intended to determine the
4.3 Test Method B—The pressure test precision is within 61
pressure strength of containers manufactured to contain prod-
psi (7 kPa). Pressure test bias is generally within 6 % of full
ucts reasonably expected to develop a sustained pressure of
scale.
138 kPa (20 psi) or greater, after processing. Two test methods
are covered as follows:
TEST METHOD A—APPLICATION OF UNIFORM
Sections
INTERNAL PRESSURE FOR A PREDETERMINED
Test Method A—Application of Uniform Internal Pressure for a
PERIOD
Predetermined Period 5-7
Test Method B—Application of Internal Pressure Increasing at a
Predetermined Constant Rate 8-10
5. Apparatus
5.1 The apparatus shall embody the following principles:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information 5.1.1 The bottles to be tested shall be held in such a manner
that the bottle is not clamped, but is suspended from the bead
only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the of the finish.
5.1.2 There shall be a resilient sealing member that shall act
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- with the sealing surface of the container to retain the pressur-
izing medium during the period of the test.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 5.1.3 There shall be a means of applying fluid pressure to a
predetermined level at a minimum rate of 69 MPa (10 000
2. Referenced Documents
psi)/min and of maintaining that pressure constant during the
2.1 ASTM Standards: period of test. Applied incremental fluid pressure levels shall
C 224 Practice for Sampling Glass Containers be provided extending over the range from 0.18 MPa (25 psi)
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts: to at least 2.41 MPa (350 psi). The applied fluid pressure level
C 147 Single-head hydraulic testing machine (8 blueprints)
shall be reproducible to within 61 % of full scale.
5.1.4 An automatically controlled timing mechanism shall
3. Sampling
be built into the apparatus so that the container will be subject
3.1 Methods of sampling a minimum lot from a group of
to uniform internal pressure for a predetermined period which
containers of a given type are given in Practice C 224, for the shall be not less than 3 s nor more than 1 min (Note 1). The
various situations to which it may apply.
period of test shall be reproducible within 62%.
NOTE 1—For test durations between 3 s and 1 min, the actual pressure
4. Precision and Bias
(P ) can be converted to the 1-min pressure (P ) calculated as follows:
I 60
4.1 Statements regarding either precision or bias of the
7.97 1 1.53 log t
internal pressure test results are not possible because suitable
P 5 P (1)
S D
60 I
10.69
where t is the duration of the test in s. For instance, the actual pressure in
1 a 3-s test would be multiplied by 0.81 in order to be equivalent to the
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-14 on
pressure at a test period of 1 min.
Glass and Glass Products and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.07
on Glass Containers.
6. Procedure
Current edition approved Jan. 31, 1986. Published March 1986. Originally
e1
published as C 147 – 39 T. Last previous edition C 147 – 76 (1981) .
6.1 Fill the containers with water or other low-density
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.02.
Single-head automatic sustained pressure testing machine developed by Ameri- liquid, if such is used as the medium for applying pressure.
can Glass Research, Inc., Butler, PA, meets these requirements for durations greater
6.2 Use one of the following test procedures, depending
than 15 s. Detailed working drawings of this machine are available from ASTM
upon the purpose of the test:
Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. 12-301470-00. An increment pressure tester
6.2.1 Pass Test—Apply the internal test pressure and hold it
developed by the same laboratory is suitable for shorter durations.
C 147
constant for the predetermined time of test. This pass test, (50 psi) to at least 4.07 MPa (590 psi), determinable to the
usually at a pressure 50 % greater than that reasonably ex- nearest 0.01 MPa (or nearest integral psi unit). The applied
pected under actual conditions of use of the containers, is fluid pressure level shall be reproducible to within 61 % of full
sufficient for routine testing of samples from continuous scale.
production in a manufacturer’s plant.
8.1.4 The apparatus shall include a means of indicating the
6.2.2 Progressive Test (to a Predetermined Percent of pressure level at
...