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ASTM C147-86(2000)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Internal Pressure Strength of Glass Containers

Standard Test Methods for Internal Pressure Strength of Glass Containers

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the breaking strength of glass containers when subjected to internal pressure. These test methods are intended to determine the pressure strength of containers manufactured to contain products reasonably expected to develop a sustained pressure of 138 kPa (20 psi) or greater, after processing. Two test methods are covered as follows: SectionsTest Method A-Application of Uniform Internal Pressure for a Predetermined Period5-7Test Method B-Application of Internal Pressure Increasing at a Predetermined Constant Rate8-10
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-1999
ICS
81.040.30 - Glass products
Technical Committee
C14 - Glass and Glass Products
Drafting Committee
C14.07 - Glass Containers
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C147-86(1995) - Standard Test Methods for Internal Pressure Strength of Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Jan-2000
Replaced By
ASTM C147-86(2005) - Standard Test Methods for Internal Pressure Strength of Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-May-1991
Referred By
ASTM C224-78(2020) - Standard Practice for Sampling Glass Containers
Effective Date
01-Jan-2000

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ASTM C147-86(2000) - Standard Test Methods for Internal Pressure Strength of Glass Containers
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C147–86 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Test Methods for
Internal Pressure Strength of Glass Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Precision and Bias
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the 4.1 Statements regarding either precision or bias of the
breakingstrengthofglasscontainerswhensubjectedtointernal internal pressure test results are not possible because suitable
pressure. These test methods are intended to determine the internal pressure reference test materials are not available.
pressure strength of containers manufactured to contain prod- 4.2 Test Method A—The pressure test precision is within
ucts reasonably expected to develop a sustained pressure of one half the incremental step size used at failure. Pressure test
138 kPa (20 psi) or greater, after processing. Two test methods bias is generally within 61 % of full scale.
are covered as follows: 4.3 Test Method B—Thepressuretestprecisioniswithin 61
psi (7 kPa). Pressure test bias is generally within 6 % of full
Sections
Test Method A—Application of Uniform Internal Pressure for a
scale.
Predetermined Period 5-7
Test Method B—Application of Internal Pressure Increasing at a
TEST METHODA—APPLICATION OF UNIFORM
Predetermined Constant Rate 8-10
INTERNALPRESSURE FORAPREDETERMINED
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
PERIOD
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
5. Apparatus
only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 The apparatus shall embody the following principles:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1.1 The bottles to be tested shall be held in such a manner
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
that the bottle is not clamped, but is suspended from the bead
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of the finish.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1.2 There shall be a resilient sealing member that shall act
with the sealing surface of the container to retain the pressur-
2. Referenced Documents
izing medium during the period of the test.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1.3 There shall be a means of applying fluid pressure to a
C 224 Practice for Sampling Glass Containers
predetermined level at a minimum rate of 69 MPa (10 000
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
psi)/min and of maintaining that pressure constant during the
C 147 Single-head hydraulic testing machine (8 blueprints)
period of test. Applied incremental fluid pressure levels shall
be provided extending over the range from 0.18 MPa (25 psi)
3. Sampling
to at least 2.41 MPa (350 psi). The applied fluid pressure level
3.1 Methods of sampling a minimum lot from a group of
shall be reproducible to within 61 % of full scale.
containers of a given type are given in Practice C 224, for the
5.1.4 An automatically controlled timing mechanism shall
various situations to which it may apply.
be built into the apparatus so that the container will be subject
to uniform internal pressure for a predetermined period which
shall be not less than 3 s nor more than 1 min (Note 1). The
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-14 on
period of test shall be reproducible within 62%.
Glass and Glass Products and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.07
on Glass Containers.
NOTE 1—For test durations between 3 s and 1 min, the actual pressure
Current edition approved Jan. 31, 1986. Published March 1986. Originally
e1
(P ) can be converted to the 1-min pressure (P ) calculated as follows:
published as C 147 – 39 T. Last previous edition C 147 – 76 (1981) . I 60
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.02.
7.97 1 1.53 log t
Single-head automatic sustained pressure testing machine developed byAmeri- P 5 P (1)
S D
60 I
10.69
can Glass Research, Inc., Butler, PA, meets these requirements for durations greater
than 15 s. Detailed working drawings of this machine are available from ASTM
where t is the duration of the test in s. For instance, the actual pressure in
Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. 12-301470-00. An increment pressure tester
developed by the same laboratory is suitable for shorter durations.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
C147
a 3-s test would be multiplied by 0.81 in order to be equivalent to the
8.1.2 There shall be a resilient sealing member which shall
pressure at a test period of 1 min.
act with the sealing surface of the container to retain the
pressurizing medium during the period of the test.
6. Procedure
8.1.3 There shall be a means of applying fluid pressure
6.1 Fill the containers with water or other low-density
increasing at a predetermined constant rate until the container
liquid, if such is used as the medium for applying pressure.
fails or a predetermined level is reached. The rate of increase
6.2 Use one of the following test procedures, depending
of pressure shall be reproducible to 62 %. Applied fluid
upon the purpose of the test:
pressure levels shall be provided over the range from 0.34 MPa
6.2.1 Pass Test—Apply the internal test pressure and hold it
(50 psi) to at least 4.07 MPa (590 psi), determinable to the
constant for the predetermined time of test. This pass test,
nearest 0.01 MPa (or nearest integral psi unit). The applied
usually at a pressure 50 % greater than that reasonably ex-
fluidpressurelevelshallbereproducibletowithin 61
...

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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures to determine the load resistance (LR) of specified glass types, including combinations of glass types used in a sealed insulating glass (IG) unit, exposed to a uniform lateral load of short or long duration, for a specified probability of breakage.  
1.2 This practice applies to vertical and sloped glazing in buildings for which the specified design loads consist of wind load, snow load and self-weight with a total combined magnitude less than or equal to 15 kPa (315 psf). This practice shall not apply to other applications including, but not limited to, balustrades, glass floor panels, aquariums, structural glass members, and glass shelves.  
1.3 This practice applies only to monolithic and laminated glass constructions of rectangular shape with continuous lateral support along one, two, three, or four edges. This practice assumes that (1) the supported glass edges for two, three, and four-sided support conditions are simply supported and free to slip in plane; (2) glass supported on two sides acts as a simply supported beam; and (3) glass supported on one side acts as a cantilever. For insulating glass units, this practice only applies to insulating glass units with four-sided edge support.  
1.4 This practice does not apply to any form of wired, patterned, sandblasted, drilled, notched, or grooved glass. This practice does not apply to glass with surface or edge treatments that reduce the glass strength.
Note 1: Ceramic enamel is known to affect glass load resistance. Consult the manufacturer for guidance.  
1.5 This practice addresses only the determination of the resistance of glass to uniform lateral loads. The final thickness and type of glass selected also depends upon a variety of other factors (see 6.3).  
1.6 Charts in this practice provide a means to determine approximate maximum lateral glass deflection. Appendix X1 provides additional procedures to determine maximu...

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  • Standard
    65 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off