ASTM D3931-08(2023)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Strength of Gap-Filling Adhesive Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading
Standard Test Method for Determining Strength of Gap-Filling Adhesive Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Structural design based on strength-of-materials principles requires knowledge of the mechanical properties of the structural components, including adhesives. By nature of their use, the most important property of adhesive is shear strength.
4.2 Shear strength measured by this test method is suitable for use in adhesive development, manufacturing quality control, and in materials performance specifications, as well as structural design.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of comparative shear properties of gap-filling adhesives in wood-to-wood joints at specified thicknesses of bondline in the dry condition, when tested on standard specimens under specified conditions of preparation, conditioning, and loading in compression. This test method is intended as an evaluation of gap-filling adhesives such as those used to bond plywood to lumber, lumber to lumber, and other similar materials in building constructions.
1.2 This test method also may be used to determine shear properties of gap-filling adhesives in species of wood and in thicknesses of bondline other than those specified for the comparative tests of shear properties within this test method. All procedures specified herein are applicable, excepting requirements for wood species and specific gravity, and thicknesses of bondlines.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3931 − 08 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Strength of Gap-Filling Adhesive Bonds in
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Shear by Compression Loading
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3931; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of compara- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
tive shear properties of gap-filling adhesives in wood-to-wood D143 Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of Timber
joints at specified thicknesses of bondline in the dry condition, D905 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesive
when tested on standard specimens under specified conditions Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading
of preparation, conditioning, and loading in compression. This D1151 Practice for Effect of Moisture and Temperature on
test method is intended as an evaluation of gap-filling adhe- Adhesive Bonds
sives such as those used to bond plywood to lumber, lumber to E171 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier
lumber, and other similar materials in building constructions. Packaging
1.2 This test method also may be used to determine shear
3. Terminology
properties of gap-filling adhesives in species of wood and in
3.1 Definitions:
thicknesses of bondline other than those specified for the
3.1.1 gap-filling adhesive, n—an adhesive capable of form-
comparative tests of shear properties within this test method.
ing and maintaining a bond between surfaces that are not
All procedures specified herein are applicable, excepting re-
close-fitting.
quirements for wood species and specific gravity, and thick-
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Close-fitting is relative to a given ma-
nesses of bondlines.
terial and industry; for example, standards in construction
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
differ from standards in electronics. Some adhesives will bond
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
by bridging without completely filling the gap; others by filling
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
the gap completely.
and are not considered standard.
4. Significance and Use
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Structural design based on strength-of-materials prin-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ciples requires knowledge of the mechanical properties of the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
structural components, including adhesives. By nature of their
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
use, the most important property of adhesive is shear strength.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.2 Shear strength measured by this test method is suitable
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
for use in adhesive development, manufacturing quality
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
control, and in materials performance specifications, as well as
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
structural design.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Testing Machine, having a capacity of about 15 000 lb
(6818 kg) in compression or of sufficient capacity to test the
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.70 on Construction
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Adhesives. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D3931 – 08 (2015). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D3931-08R23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D3931 − 08 (2023)
tests, the specific gravity of blocks may be determined in accordance with
adhesive in use. The machine shall be fitted with a shearing
the Weight and Moisture Content Section under Nail Withdrawal of Test
tool containing a self-aligning seat to ensure uniform lateral
Methods D143.
distribut
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