ASTM D1929-10

Standard Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Tests made under conditions herein prescribed can be of considerable value in comparing the relative ignition characteristics of different materials. Values obtained represent the lowest ambient air temperature that will cause ignition of the material under the conditions of this test. Test values are expected to rank materials according to ignition susceptibility under actual use conditions.
This test is not intended to be the sole criterion for fire hazard. In addition to ignition temperatures, fire hazards include other factors such as burning rate or flame spread, intensity of burning, fuel contribution, products of combustion, and others.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire test response test method covers a laboratory determination of the flash ignition temperature and spontaneous ignition temperature of plastics using a hot-air furnace.
1.2 CautionDuring the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or both, are evolved that may be hazardous to personnel. Adequate precautions should be taken to protect the operator.
1.3 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazards or fire risk assessment of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.2 and 1.3.  
Note 1—This test method and ISO 871-1996 are identical in all technical details.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2010
• ICS: 13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.30 - Thermal Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1929-96(2001)e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics (Withdrawn 2010)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM D1929-11 - Standard Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E136-22 - Standard Test Method for Assessing Combustibility of Materials Using a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 °C
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E3020-22 - Standard Practice for Ignition Sources
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F1870-22 - Standard Guide for Selection of Fire Test Methods for the Assessment of Upholstered Furnishings in Detention and Correctional Facilities
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D4000-23 - Standard Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D3841-21 - Standard Specification for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Plastic Panels
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D7031-11(2019) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Mechanical and Physical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composite Products
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D635-22 - Standard Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E2634-18(2022) - Standard Specification for Flat Wall Insulating Concrete Form (ICF) Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E2886/E2886M-20 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Ability of Exterior Vents to Resist the Entry of Embers and Direct Flame Impingement
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D7032-21 - Standard Specification for Establishing Performance Ratings for Wood-Plastic Composite and Plastic Lumber Deck Boards, Stair Treads, Guards, and Handrails
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F3214-23 - Standard Practice for Characterization of Fire Properties of Seating, Upholstery, and Padding Materials for Vehicles Associated with Amusement Rides and Devices
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5319-22 - Standard Specification for Glass-Fiber Reinforced Polyester Wall and Ceiling Panels
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1929–10
Standard Test Method for
1
Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1929; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
4
1. Scope* 2.2 International Standards:
2
ISO 871-1996 Plastics—Determination of Ignition Tem-
1.1 This fire test response test method covers a laboratory
perature Using a Hot-Air Furnace
determination of the flash ignition temperature and spontane-
ISO 5725 Precision of Test Methods—Determination of
ous ignition temperature of plastics using a hot-air furnace.
Repeatability and Reproducibility for StandardTest Meth-
1.2 Caution—During the course of combustion, gases or
ods by Interlaboratory Tests
vapors, or both, are evolved that may be hazardous to person-
IEC 584-2 Thermocouples—Part 2: Tolerances
nel. Adequate precautions should be taken to protect the
operator.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard is used to measure and describe the
3.1 Definitions: For definitions of terms relating to fire, see
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and
Terminology E176.
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
incorporate all factors required for fire hazards or fire risk
3.2.1 flash ignition temperature (FIT)—the minimum tem-
assessment of materials, products, or assemblies under actual
perature at which, under specified test conditions, sufficient
fire conditions.
flammable gases are emitted to ignite momentarily upon
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
application of a small external pilot flame.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.2 glowing combustion—combustion of a material in the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
solid phase without flame but with emission of light from the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
combustion zone, caused by slow decomposition and carbon-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
ization at various points in the specimen, without general
tionary statements are given in 1.2 and 1.3.
ignition occurring.
NOTE 1—This test method and ISO 871-1996 are identical in all
3.2.3 spontaneous ignition temperature or self-ignition tem-
technical details.
perature (SIT)—the minimum temperature at which the self-
heating properties of the specimen lead to ignition or ignition
2. Referenced Documents
occurs of itself, under specified test conditions, in the absence
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of any additional flame ignition source.
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Tests made under conditions herein prescribed can be of
considerable value in comparing the relative ignition charac-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
teristics of different materials. Values obtained represent the
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Proper-
ties.30.03).
lowest ambient air temperature that will cause ignition of the
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originally
material under the conditions of this test. Test values are
´1
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D1929 – 96(2001) ,
expected to rank materials according to ignition susceptibility
which was withdrawn January 2010 and reinstated in December 2010.
under actual use conditions.
DOI:10.1520/D1929-10.
In 1996, this test method was totally revised to be technically equal to
4.2 This test is not intended to be the sole criterion for fire
ISO 871-1996, and a specific air velocity is specified, which eliminates the need for
hazard. In addition to ignition temperatures, fire hazards
approximations.
2
include other factors such as burning rate or flame spread,
The following reference may be of interest in connection with this test method:
Stetchkin, N. P., “A Method and Apparatus for Determining the Ignition Charac- intensity of burning, fuel contribution, products of combustion,
teristics of Plastics,” Journal of Research, National Institute of Standards and
and others.
Technology, Vol 43, No. 6, December 1949 (RP 2052), p. 591.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (
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