ASTM D4389-99

Standard Specification for Finished Glass Fabrics Woven From Rovings

SCOPE
1.1 This specification primarily covers glass fabrics woven from "E" electrical continuous glass fiber rovings that are intended primarily as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for structural use.  
1.2 This specification specifies the terminology, definitions, general requirements, and physical requirements for woven roving glass fiber fabrics. This specification permits the application of sizing materials to the glass fiber roving during manufacture that helps facilitate weaving. When used as permitted in this specification, such materials are compatible with the resin matrix as specified in the contracting instrument.  Note 1-Sizing materials on glass fiber yarns, in most cases, are removed by various cleaning procedures as a first stage in preparing a finished fabric. When these yarn sizing materials are removed during a cleaning procedure, they need not be compatible with the subsequent resin matrix.
1.3 This specification shows the values in both SI units and inch-pound units. "SI" units is the technically correct name for the system of metric units known as the International System of Units. "Inch-pound" units is the technically correct name for the customary units used in the United States. The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in SI units are provided for information only.  Note 2-This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute for the following Military Specifications: MIL-Y-1140H Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth, and Tape-Glass MIL-C-9084C Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates MIL-C-19663C Cloth, Glass, Woven Roving for Plastic Laminates

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-1999
• ICS: 59.100.10 - Textile glass materials
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.18 - Glass Fiber and its Products

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4389-04 - Standard Specification for Finished Glass Fabrics Woven From Rovings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2947/F2947M-21a - Standard Specification for 150 to 1500 mm [6 to 60 in.] Annular Corrugated Profile-Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Sanitary Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Referred By: ASTM F1331-22 - Standard Practice for Installation Procedures of Vinyl Deck Coverings on Portable Plates in Electrical and Electronic Spaces
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4389 – 99
Standard Specification for
Finished Glass Fabrics Woven From Rovings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4389; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Type Finishes for Plastic Laminates
D 2409 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven Glass
1.1 This specification primarily covers glass fabrics woven
Fabric,CleanedandAfter-FinishedwithVinyl-SilaneType
from “E” electrical continuous glass fiber rovings that are
Finishes for Plastic Laminates
intended primarily as a reinforcing material in laminated
D 2410 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven Glass
plastics for structural use.
Fabric, Cleaned and After-Finished with Chrome Com-
1.2 This specification specifies the terminology, definitions,
plexes, for Plastic Laminates
general requirements, and physical requirements for woven
D 2660 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven Glass
roving glass fiber fabrics. This specification permits the appli-
Fabric, Cleaned and After-Finished with Acrylic-Silane
cation of sizing materials to the glass fiber roving during
Type Finishes, for Plastic Laminates
manufacture that helps facilitate weaving. When used as
D 3098 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven Glass
permitted in this specification, such materials are compatible
Fabric, Cleaned and After Finished with Epoxy–Func-
with the resin matrix as specified in the contracting instrument.
tional Silane-Type Finishes for Plastic Laminates
NOTE 1—Sizing materials on glass fiber yarns, in most cases, are
D 3773 Test Methods for Length of Woven Fabric
removed by various cleaning procedures as a first stage in preparing a
D 3774 Test Methods for Width of Woven Fabric
finished fabric. When these yarn sizing materials are removed during a
D 3775 Test Method for Fabric Count of Woven Fabric
cleaningprocedure,theyneednotbecompatiblewiththesubsequentresin
D 3776 Test Methods for Mass per Unit Area (Weight) of
matrix.
Woven Fabric
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
D 4029 Specification for Finished Woven Glass Fabrics
aretoberegardedasstandard.Thevaluesstatedineachsystem
D 4963 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Glass Strands and
may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be
Fabrics
used independently of the other. Combining values from the
2.2 ANSI Standard:
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures for Inspection by
NOTE 2—This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute for
Attributes
the following Military Specifications:
MIL-Y-1140H Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth, and Tape-Glass 3. Terminology
MIL-C-9084C Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates
3.1 Definitions:
MIL-C-19663C Cloth, Glass, Woven Roving for Plastic Laminates
3.1.1 continuous filament yarn, n—ayarnmadeoffilaments
that extend substantially throughout the length of the yarn.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.2 roving, n—in glass textiles, a multiplicity of filaments
2.1 ASTM Standards:
or yarns gathered together into an approximately parallel
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
arrangement without twist.
D 578 Specification for Glass Fiber Strands
3.1.3 For definitions of other textile terms used in this
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing
specification, refer to Terminology D 123.
D 2408 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven Glass
Fabric, Cleaned and After-Finished with Amino-Silane
CLASSIFICATION
4. Classification
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-13 on 4.1 Designation of Woven Roving Fabric— The basic des-
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.18 on Glass Fiber and
ignationsforglasswovenrovingfabricisbymassperunitarea
Its Products.
and is given in grams per square metre (ounces per square
Current edition approved March 10, 1999. Published June 1999. Originally
published as D 4389 – 84. Last previous edition D 4389 – 94.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Discontinued 1990; see Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute 11 W. 42nd St., 13th
the ASTM website. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D4389–99
TABLE 2 Letter Designation for Average Fiber Diameter Range of
yard).Historically,anASTMtypenumberhasbeenusedbythe
Glass Roving Used in Woven Roving Fabrics
industry. These numbers have been sequentially assigned as
SI Units US Customary Units
new woven roving constructions as they were added to this
Letter
Diameter in Micrometres Diameter in Inches
specification. Numbers, 1 through 10, are shown in Table 1
Designation
At Least Below At Least Below
with the relationship to mass per unit area and fabric count.
G 8.9 10.2 0.00035 0.00040
H 10.2 11.4 0.00040 0.00045
REQUIREMENTS
J 11.4 12.7 0.00045 0.00050
K 12.7 14.0 0.00050 0.00055
5. Material
L 14.0 15.2 0.00055 0.00060
M 15.2 16.5 0.00060 0.00065
5.1 The roving shall be continuous filament fiber, free of
N 16.5 17.8 0.00065 0.00070
any free alkali, such as sodium or potassium metal salts and
P 17.8 19.0 0.00070 0.00075
foreign particles, dirt, and other impurities. It shall be “E”
electrical grade.
5.1.1 The fabric shall be uniformly woven, have uniform
10. Strand Construction
color, overall cleanness, and no objectionable odor.
10.1 The construction of the component strands shall be
6. Fabric Count agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.
6.1 For woven roving fabrics listed in Table 1, the average
11. Weave Type
fabric count shall conform to the requirements of Table 1. For
woven roving fabrics not listed in Table 1, the average fabric 11.1 For woven roving fabrics listed in Table 1, the weave
count shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the type shall be plain weave. For woven roving fabrics not listed
supplier. in Table 1, the weave type shall be agreed upon between the
purchaser and the supplier.
7. Yarn Designations
12. Mass per Unit Area
7.1 For woven roving fabrics, the roving designations shall
be as agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. The 12.1 For woven roving fabrics listed in Table 1, the average
mass per unit area shall conform to the requirements of Table
requirements of the individual elements of the designation are
specified in Sections 8-10. 1. For woven roving fabrics not listed in Table 1, the average
mass per unit area shall be agreed upon between the purchaser
8. Yarn Number andthesupplier.Theaveragemassperunitareaforthelotshall
be within the interval: specified mass per unit area 6 10 % of
8.1 For woven roving fabrics listed in Table 1, the average
the specified mass per unit area.
size-freeyarnnumbersoftheyarnsdesignatedshallconformto
the requirements of Table 1. For woven roving fabrics not
13. Width
listed in Table 1, the average size-free yarn numbers shall be
13.1 Fabric width shall be agreed upon between the pur-
agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.
chaser and the supplier. The fabric width, including both
selvages but excluding any feathered edges, shall not be less
9. Filament Diameter
than the specified width and no more than 13 mm (0.5 in.)
9.1 The range of values for the filament diameters are listed
wider than the specified width.
inTable 2.The average filament diameter for the rovings in the
woven roving fabric shall be within the interval listed in Table
NOTE 3—During the processing of glass fabrics, the selvages may be
2. slit to minimize tension influences. This slit distance is excluded when
TABLE 1 Physical Properties of Generally Available “E” Glass Finished Woven Roving Fabrics
A
Roving
Construction
Nominal
Count Standard Roll
Nominal Roving Length Per Unit Mass
Mass Per
ASTM
25.4 mm Length
Weave
Unit Area
Type
Tex yd/lb
(1 in.) min
2 2
g/m oz/yd Warp Fill Warp Fill Warp Fill m yd
1 Plain 441 13.0 10 4 840 to 755 1065 to 925 590 to 655 465 to 535 91.5 100
2 Plain 542 16.0 10 4 840 to 755 1680 to 1505 590 to 655 295 to 330 91.5 100
3 Plain 831 24.5 5 4 2360 to 2065 2680 to 2255 210 to 240 185 to 220 68.5 75
4 Plain 831 24.5 5 3 2360 to 2065 3545 to 3105 210 to 240 140 to 160 68.5 75
5 Plain 915 27.0 5 2.5 2360 to 2065 4960 to 4725 210 to 240 100 to 105 59.5 65
6 Plain 610 18.0 7 6 1210 to 1835 1340 to 1155 410 to 270 370 to 430 68.5 75
7 Plain 745 22.0 5 4 2360 to 2065 2155 to 1910 210 to 240 230 to 260 68.5 75
8 Plain 610 18.0 4 4 2360 to 2065 1655 to 1505 210 to 240 300 to 330 68.5 75
9 Plain 559 16.5 5 4 1710 to 1525 1710 to 1525 290 to 325 290 to 325 91.5 100
10 Plain 711 21.0 4 4 2420 to 2155 2420 to 2155 205 to 230 205 to 230 82.5 90
A
In some cases, the fill yarn may be woven as 2 picks per shed and as 1 fill yarn. The basic roving length per unit area used to produce the above fill yarns should
be doubled.
D4389–99
measuring the fabric width unless otherwise agreed upon between the
17. Put-Up
purchaser and the supplier.
17.1 Woven roving fabric shall be furnished in rolls and
shall be wound on spiral tubes measuring 76.2-mm (3-in.)
14. Length
minimum inside diameter and 25 mm (1 in.) longer than the
14.1 For woven roving fabrics listed in Table 1, the fabric
overall width of the fabric, unless otherwise specified. The
length on each roll shall not be less than2m(2yd) below the
maximum number of pieces contained in any roll shall be as
requirements listed in Table 1 unless otherwise agreed upon
specified in 18.1.
between the purchaser and the supplier. For woven roving
17.2 Unless otherwise agreed upon, as when specified in an
fabrics not listed in Table 1, the fabric length on each roll shall
applicable material specification, each roll shall be packed in a
be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.
sealed, vapor-tight bag of polyethylene not less than 0.05 mm
14.2 No piece of woven roving fabric shall be less than 14
(0.002 in.) thick in such a manner as to ensure that the fabric,
m (15 yd) long and there shall be no more than two pieces in
during shipment and storage, will be protected against damage
a roll, unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and
from exposure to moisture, weather, or any other normal
the supplier.
hazard.
14.3 None of the sample rolls shall contain more than the
allowable pieces, and the combined length of all of the sample NOTE 4—Once opened by the user, if the roll is not totally consumed,
it is good practice to
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