ASTM D5002-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer
Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Density is a fundamental physical property that can be used in conjunction with other properties to characterize the quality of crude oils.
5.2 The density or relative density of crude oils is used for the conversion of measured volumes to volumes at the standard temperatures of 15 °C or 60 °F and for the conversion of crude mass measurements into volume units.
5.3 The application of the density result obtained from this test method, for fiscal or custody transfer accounting calculations, can require measurements of the water and sediment contents obtained on similar specimens of the crude oil parcel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density, relative density, and API gravity of crude oils that can be handled in a normal fashion as liquids at test temperatures between 15 °C and 35 °C utilizing either manual or automated sample injection equipment. This test method applies to crude oils with high vapor pressures provided appropriate precautions are taken to prevent vapor loss during transfer of the sample to the density analyzer.
1.2 This test method was evaluated in round robin testing using crude oils in the 0.75 g/mL to 0.95 g/mL range. Lighter crude oil can require special handling to prevent vapor losses. Heavier crudes can require measurements at higher temperatures to eliminate air bubbles in the sample.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. The accepted units of measurement of density are grams per millilitre and kilograms per cubic metre.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 7.4, 7.5, and 7.6.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D5002 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Oils by
1
Digital Density Analyzer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5002; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthedensity, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
relative density, and API gravity of crude oils that can be D287Test Method forAPI Gravity of Crude Petroleum and
handled in a normal fashion as liquids at test temperatures Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)
between 15°C and 35°C utilizing either manual or automated D941Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
sample injection equipment. This test method applies to crude cific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnom-
3
oils with high vapor pressures provided appropriate precau- eter (Withdrawn 1993)
tions are taken to prevent vapor loss during transfer of the D1193Specification for Reagent Water
sample to the density analyzer. D1217Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
cific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer
1.2 This test method was evaluated in round robin testing
D1250Guide for Use of the Petroleum MeasurementTables
using crude oils in the 0.75g⁄mL to 0.95g⁄mL range. Lighter
D1298Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
crude oil can require special handling to prevent vapor losses.
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
Heavier crudes can require measurements at higher tempera-
ucts by Hydrometer Method
tures to eliminate air bubbles in the sample.
D4052Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
standard. The accepted units of measurement of density are
Petroleum Products
grams per millilitre and kilograms per cubic metre.
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Petroleum Products
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the D4377TestMethodforWaterinCrudeOilsbyPotentiomet-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ric Karl Fischer Titration
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3. Terminology
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Specific warning statements are given in 7.4, 7.5, and 7.6.
3.1 Definitions:
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.1 density, n—mass per unit volume at a specified tem-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
perature.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3
3.1.1.1 Discussion—TheSIunitofdensityiskg/m ;theunit
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3
ofmeasureg/cm iscommonlyusedinindustry.Lesspreferred
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
units, for example, kg/L or g/mL, are still in use.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.04.0D on Physical and Chemical Methods. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2018. Published February 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D5002–16. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D5002-18. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5002 − 18
3.1.2 relative density, n—the ratio of the density of a 6.5 Autosampler, required for use in automated injection
material at a stated temperature to the density of water at a analyses. The autosampler shall be designed to ensure the
stated temperature. integrity of the test specimen prior to and during the analysis
and be equipped to transfer a representative portion of test
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Relative density is also commonly
specimen to the digital density analyzer.
knownasspecificgravity.Commonlyusedstatedtemperatures
6.6
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5002 − 16 D5002 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Density and Relative DensityDensity, Relative Density, and
1
API Gravity of Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5002; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density or relative density density, relative density, and API gravity of crude
oils that can be handled in a normal fashion as liquids at test temperatures between 15 °C and 35 °C utilizing either manual or
automated sample injection equipment. This test method applies to crude oils with high vapor pressures provided appropriate
precautions are taken to prevent vapor loss during transfer of the sample to the density analyzer.
1.2 This test method was evaluated in round robin testing using crude oils in the 0.75 g ⁄mL to 0.95 g ⁄mL range. Lighter crude
oil can require special handling to prevent vapor losses. Heavier crudes can require measurements at higher temperatures to
eliminate air bubbles in the sample.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
The accepted units of measurement of density are grams per millilitre and kilograms per cubic metre.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 7.4, 7.5, and 7.6.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)
D941 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnometer (Withdrawn
3
1993)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1217 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer
D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4377 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Potentiometric Karl Fischer Titration
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 density—density, n—mass per unit volume at a specified temperature.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0D on Physical and Chemical Methods.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2016Dec. 1, 2018. Published February 2016February 2019. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20152016
as D5002 – 15.D5002 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D5002-16.10.1520/D5002-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5002 − 18
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
3 3
The SI unit of density is kg/m ; the unit of measure g/cm is commonly used in industry. Less preferred units, for example, kg/L
or g/mL, are still in use.
3.1.2 relative density—density, n—the ratio of the density of a material at
...
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