ASTM D2892-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
Standard Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is one of a number of tests conducted on a crude oil to determine its value. It provides an estimate of the yields of fractions of various boiling ranges and is therefore valuable in technical discussions of a commercial nature.
5.2 This test method corresponds to the standard laboratory distillation efficiency referred to as 15/5. The fractions produced can be analyzed as produced or combined to produce samples for analytical studies, engineering, and product quality evaluations. The preparation and evaluation of such blends is not part of this test method.
5.3 This test method can be used as an analytical tool for examination of other petroleum mixtures with the exception of LPG, very light naphthas, and mixtures with initial boiling points above 400 °C.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the distillation of stabilized crude petroleum (see Note 1) to a final cut temperature of 400 °C Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET). This test method employs a fractionating column having an efficiency of 14 to 18 theoretical plates operated at a reflux ratio of 5:1. Performance criteria for the necessary equipment is specified. Some typical examples of acceptable apparatus are presented in schematic form. This test method offers a compromise between efficiency and time in order to facilitate the comparison of distillation data between laboratories.
Note 1: Defined as having a Reid vapor pressure less than 82.7 kPa (12 psi).
1.2 This test method details procedures for the production of a liquefied gas, distillate fractions, and residuum of standardized quality on which analytical data can be obtained, and the determination of yields of the above fractions by both mass and volume. From the preceding information, a graph of temperature versus mass % distilled can be produced. This distillation curve corresponds to a laboratory technique, which is defined at 15/5 (15 theoretical plate column, 5:1 reflux ratio) or TBP (true boiling point).
1.3 This test method can also be applied to any petroleum mixture except liquefied petroleum gases, very light naphthas, and fractions having initial boiling points above 400 °C.
1.4 This test method contains the following annexes and appendixes:
1.4.1 Annex A1—Test Method for the Determination of the Efficiency of a Distillation Column,
1.4.2 Annex A2—Test Method for the Determination of the Dynamic Holdup of a Distillation Column,
1.4.3 Annex A3—Test Method for the Determination of the Heat Loss in a Distillation Column (Static Conditions),
1.4.4 Annex A4—Test Method for the Verification of Temperature Sensor Location,
1.4.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of the Temperature Response Time,
1.4.6 Annex A6—Practice for the Calibration of Sensors,
1.4.7 Annex A7—Test Method for the Verification of Reflux Dividing Valves,
1.4.8 Annex A8—Practice for Conversion of Observed Vapor Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET),
1.4.9 Appendix X1—Test Method for Dehydration of a Sample of Wet Crude Oil, and
1.4.10 Appendix X2—Practice for Performance Check.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, asso...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2892 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate
1
Column)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2892; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.4.4 Annex A4—Test Method for the Verification of Tem-
perature Sensor Location,
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the distillation
1.4.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of the
of stabilized crude petroleum (see Note 1) to a final cut
Temperature Response Time,
temperature of 400 °C Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature
1.4.6 Annex A6—Practice for the Calibration of Sensors,
(AET). This test method employs a fractionating column
1.4.7 Annex A7—Test Method for the Verification of Reflux
having an efficiency of 14 to 18 theoretical plates operated at a
Dividing Valves,
reflux ratio of 5:1. Performance criteria for the necessary
1.4.8 Annex A8—Practice for Conversion of Observed Va-
equipment is specified. Some typical examples of acceptable
por Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature
apparatus are presented in schematic form. This test method
(AET),
offers a compromise between efficiency and time in order to
1.4.9 Appendix X1—Test Method for Dehydration of a
facilitate the comparison of distillation data between laborato-
Sample of Wet Crude Oil, and
ries.
1.4.10 Appendix X2—Practice for Performance Check.
NOTE 1—Defined as having a Reid vapor pressure less than 82.7 kPa
(12 psi).
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
1.2 This test method details procedures for the production of
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
a liquefied gas, distillate fractions, and residuum of standard-
ized quality on which analytical data can be obtained, and the
1.6 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
determination of yields of the above fractions by both mass and
regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause
volume. From the preceding information, a graph of tempera-
serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been dem-
ture versus mass % distilled can be produced. This distillation
onstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.
curve corresponds to a laboratory technique, which is defined
Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing
at 15/5 (15 theoretical plate column, 5:1 reflux ratio) or TBP
products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
(true boiling point).
for additional information. The potential exists that selling
mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited
1.3 This test method can also be applied to any petroleum
by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales
mixture except liquefied petroleum gases, very light naphthas,
in their location.
and fractions having initial boiling points above 400 °C.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.4 This test method contains the following annexes and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
appendixes:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.4.1 Annex A1—Test Method for the Determination of the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Efficiency of a Distillation Column,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4.2 Annex A2—Test Method for the Determination of the
For specific warning statements, see Section 10.
Dynamic Holdup of a Distillation Column,
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.4.3 Annex A3—Test Method for the Determination of the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Heat Loss in a Distillation Column (Static Conditions),
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.08 on Volatility.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D2892 – 20. DOI:
10.1520/D2892-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO B
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2892 − 20 D2892 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate
1
Column)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2892; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the distillation of stabilized crude petroleum (see Note 1) to a final cut temperature
of 400 °C Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET). This test method employs a fractionating column having an efficiency of
14 to 18 theoretical plates operated at a reflux ratio of 5:1. Performance criteria for the necessary equipment is specified. Some
typical examples of acceptable apparatus are presented in schematic form. This test method offers a compromise between efficiency
and time in order to facilitate the comparison of distillation data between laboratories.
NOTE 1—Defined as having a Reid vapor pressure less than 82.7 kPa (12 psi).
1.2 This test method details procedures for the production of a liquefied gas, distillate fractions, and residuum of standardized
quality on which analytical data can be obtained, and the determination of yields of the above fractions by both mass and volume.
From the preceding information, a graph of temperature versus mass % distilled can be produced. This distillation curve
corresponds to a laboratory technique, which is defined at 15/5 (15 theoretical plate column, 5:1 reflux ratio) or TBP (true boiling
point).
1.3 This test method can also be applied to any petroleum mixture except liquefied petroleum gases, very light naphthas, and
fractions having initial boiling points above 400 °C.
1.4 This test method contains the following annexes and appendixes:
1.4.1 Annex A1—Test Method for the Determination of the Efficiency of a Distillation Column,
1.4.2 Annex A2—Test Method for the Determination of the Dynamic Holdup of a Distillation Column,
1.4.3 Annex A3—Test Method for the Determination of the Heat Loss in a Distillation Column (Static Conditions),
1.4.4 Annex A4—Test Method for the Verification of Temperature Sensor Location,
1.4.5 Annex A5—Test Method for Determination of the Temperature Response Time,
1.4.6 Annex A6—Practice for the Calibration of Sensors,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.08 on Volatility.
Current edition approved June 1, 2020Nov. 1, 2023. Published June 2020November 2023. Originally approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 20192020 as
D2892 – 19.D2892 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/D2892-20.10.1520/D2892-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D2892 − 23
1.4.7 Annex A7—Test Method for the Verification of Reflux Dividing Valves,
1.4.8 Annex A8—Practice for Conversion of Observed Vapor Temperature to Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET),
1.4.9 Appendix X1—Test Method for Dehydration of a Sample of Wet Crude Oil, and
1.4.10 Appendix X2—Practice for Performance Check.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious
medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution
when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional
information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national
law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 10.
1.8 This international standard
...
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