ASTM D7501-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Fuel Filter Blocking Potential of Biodiesel (B100) Blend Stock by Cold Soak Filtration Test (CSFT)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Fuel Filter Blocking Potential of Biodiesel (B100) Blend Stock by Cold Soak Filtration Test (CSFT)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Some substances that are soluble or appear to be soluble in biodiesel (B100) at room temperature will, upon cooling to temperatures above the cloud point or standing at room temperature for extended periods, come out of solution. This phenomenon has been observed in both B100 and BXX blends. These substances can cause filter plugging. This method provides an accelerated means of assessing the presence of these substances in B100 and their propensity to plug filters.
B100 biodiesel fuels that give short filtration times are expected to give satisfactory operation of BXX blends at least down to the cloud point of the biodiesel blends.
The test method can be used in specifications as a means of controlling levels of minor filter plugging components in biodiesel and biodiesel blends.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination by filtration time after cold soak of the suitability for a biodiesel (B100) blend stock that meets all other requirements of Specification D6751 and has a cloud point below 20°C (68°F) to provide adequate low temperature operability performance to at least the cloud point of the finished blend.
1.2 The formal precision of this test method is included in 13.1 on Precision.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D7501 − 12
StandardTest Method for
Determination of Fuel Filter Blocking Potential of Biodiesel
1
(B100) Blend Stock by Cold Soak Filtration Test (CSFT)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3.1.1 biodiesel, n—fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of
long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal
1.1 This test method covers the determination by filtration
fats, designated as B100.
time after cold soak of the suitability for a biodiesel (B100)
blend stock that meets all other requirements of Specification 3.1.2 bond, v—to connect two parts of a system electrically
bymeansofaconductivewiretoeliminatevoltagedifferences.
D6751 and has a cloud point below 20°C (68°F) to provide
adequate low temperature operability performance to at least
3.1.3 BXX blend, n—fuel blend consisting of up to 20
the cloud point of the finished blend.
volume percent biodiesel designated as up to B20 conforming
to the requirements of Specification D6751 with the remainder
1.2 The formal precision of this test method is included in
being a light middle or middle distillate grade diesel fuel and
13.1 on Precision.
meeting the requirements of this test method.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The abbreviation BXX represents a
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
specific blend concentration in the range B2 to B20, where XX
standard.
is the percent volume of biodiesel in the fuel blend.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.4 ground, v—to connect electrically with earth.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.1 air chamber, n—unit to control temperature of sample
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
for cooling with maximum 0.5°C variation from set point. The
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
unit shall use a microprocessor temperature controller with
2. Referenced Documents
digitalsetpointandreadout.Afood-graderefrigeratordoesnot
2
provide adequate temperature stability for this test method.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
3.2.2 minor component, n—material present in B100, typi-
Petroleum Products
cally at concentrations well below 1% by mass.
D6217 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Middle
3.2.3 thermal history, n—range of temperatures that a batch
Distillate Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
or sample of B100 has experienced which can result in
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
separation or precipitation of minor components.
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Cooling some biodiesel fuels can result
Lubricants
in precipitation or separation of minor components that have
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)
limited solubility in B100. Heating these biodiesel fuels above
for Middle Distillate Fuels
40°C is believed to redissolve most of these minor components
and thus erase the thermal history of the sample.
3. Terminology
3.3 Abbreviations:
3.1 Definitions:
3.3.1 CSFT—Cold Soak Filtration Test
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
4. Summary of Test Method
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
4.1 Inthistestmethod,300 mLofbiodiesel(B100)isstored
Current edition approved April 15, 2012. Published July 2012. Originally
at 4.5 6 0.5°C (40 6 1°F) for 16 h, allowed to warm to 25 6
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D7501–09b. DOI:
1°C (77 6 2°F), and vacuum filtered through a single 0.7 µm
10.1520/D7501-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or glass fiber filter at controlled vacuum levels of ~70–85 kPa
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
(21–25 in. of Hg).
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 4.2 The filtration time is reported in seconds.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7501 − 12
FIG. 1 Schematic of Filtration System
5. Significance and Use 6.1.3 Electrical Bondi
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D7501–09b Designation:D7501–12
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Fuel Filter Blocking Potential of Biodiesel
1
(B100) Blend Stock by Cold Soak Filtration Test (CSFT)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination by filtration time after cold soak of the suitability for a biodiesel (B100) blend
stock that meets all other requirements of Specification D6751 and has a cloud point below 68°F (20°C)20°C (68°F) to provide
adequate low temperature operability performance to at least the cloud point of the finished blend.
1.2 The formal precision of this test method is included in 13.1 on Precision.
1.3The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D54526217 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in AviationMiddle Distillate Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 biodiesel, n—fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats,
designated as B100.
3.1.2 bond, v—to connect two parts of a system electrically by means of a conductive wire to eliminate voltage differences.
3.1.3 BXX blend, n—fuel blend consisting of up to 20 volume percent biodiesel designated as up to B20 conforming to the
requirements of Specification D6751 with the remainder being a light middle or middle distillate grade diesel fuel and meeting the
requirements of this test method.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The abbreviation BXX represents a specific blend concentration in the range B2 to B20, where XX is the
percent volume of biodiesel in the fuel blend.
3.1.4 ground, v—to connect electrically with earth.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 air chamber, n—unit to control temperature of sample for cooling with maximum 0.5°C variation from set point.The unit
shall use a microprocessor temperature controller with digital set point and readout. A food-grade refrigerator does not provide
adequate temperature stability for this test method.
3.2.2 minor component, n—material present in B100, typically at concentrations well below 1% by mass.
3.2.3 thermal history, n—range of temperatures that a batch or sample of B100 has experienced which can result in separation
or precipitation of minor components.
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Cooling some biodiesel fuels can result in precipitation or separation of minor components that have
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.14 on
Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009.April 15, 2012. Published November 2009.July 2012. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as
D7501–09ab. DOI: 10.1520/D7501-09B.10.1520/D7501-12.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D7501–12
limited solubility in B100. Heating these biod
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