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ASTM D5983-13

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for Downstream Blending for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel

Standard Specification for Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for Downstream Blending for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements for fuel grade methyl tertiary-butyl ether utilized in commerce, terminal blending, or downstream blending with fuels for spark-ignition engines. The following test methods shall be conducted to meet the specified requirements: appearance; sulfur; solvent-washed gum content; MTBE mass percentage; methanol mass percentage; API gravity; density; copper strip corrosion; water content; vapor pressure; and color.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for fuel grade methyl tertiary-butyl ether utilized in commerce, terminal blending, or downstream blending with fuels for spark-ignition engines. Other MTBE grades may be available for blending that are not covered by this specification.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Jun-2013
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.A0.02 - Oxygenated Fuels and Components
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5983-06(2011) - Standard Specification for Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for Downstream Blending for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
Effective Date
15-Jun-2013
Replaced By
ASTM D5983-15 - Standard Specification for Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for Downstream Blending for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
Effective Date
01-Oct-2015
Referred By
ASTM D8235-21 - Standard Specification for Ethyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (ETBE) for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
Effective Date
15-Jun-2013
Referred By
ASTM D8076-21b - Standard Specification for 100 Research Octane Number Test Fuel for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
Effective Date
15-Jun-2013
Referred By
ASTM D6227-18(2023) - Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component
Effective Date
15-Jun-2013

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ASTM D5983-13 - Standard Specification for Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for Downstream Blending for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine FuelASTM D5983-13 - Standard Specification for Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for Downstream Blending for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
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REDLINE ASTM D5983-13 - Standard Specification for Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for Downstream Blending for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine FuelREDLINE ASTM D5983-13 - Standard Specification for Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for Downstream Blending for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
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REDLINE ASTM D5983-13 - Standard Specification for Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for Downstream Blending for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5983 −13
StandardSpecification for
Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for Downstream
1
Blending for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5983; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
1.1 This specification covers requirements for fuel grade
Fuel
methyl tertiary-butyl ether utilized in commerce, terminal
D4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and
blending, or downstream blending with fuels for spark-ignition
Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
engines. Other MTBE grades may be available for blending
D5441 Test Method forAnalysis of Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether
that are not covered by this specification.
(MTBE) by Gas Chromatography
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
standard.
D7757 Test Method for Silicon in Gasoline and Related
Products by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive
2. Referenced Documents
X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
Titration
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
D156 Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products
E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulo-
(Saybolt Chromometer Method)
metric Karl Fischer Titration
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
ration 3. Terminology
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
3.1 Definitions:
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
3.1.1 methanol, n—the chemical compound CH OH.
3
ucts by Hydrometer Method
3.1.2 methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), n—the chemical
D4045 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
compound (CH ) COCH [C H O].
3 3 3 5 12
Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry
3.1.3 oxygenate, n—an oxygen-containing ashless, organic
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
compound, such as an alcohol or ether, which may be used as
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
a fuel or fuel supplement.
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
4. Performance Requirements
D4176 Test Method for FreeWater and Particulate Contami-
nation in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
4.1 Methyl tertiary-butyl ether utilized in commerce, termi-
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
nal blending, or downstream blending with fuels for ground
Petroleum Products
vehicles equipped with spark-ignition engines shall conform to
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
the requirements of Table 1.
NOTE 1—Individual applications may require a more restrictive sulfur
limit. These requirements are to be negotiated between buyer and seller.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5. Workmanship
D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components.
Current edition approved June 15, 2013. Published July 2013. Originally
5.1 The MTBE shall be visually free of undissolved water,
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D5983 – 06 (2011).
sediment, and suspended matter. It shall be clear and bright at
DOI: 10.1520/D5983-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or the ambient temperature or 21°C (70°F), whichever is higher.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.2 The specification defines only a basic purity for this
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. product. The product shall be free of any adulterant or
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5983−13
TABLE 1 Performance Requirements
metal containers, do not use soldered metal containers. This is
Property Limits because the soldering flux in the containers and the lead in the
Appearance Clear and bright solder can contaminate the samples. Plastic containers should
Color, Saybolt, min + 5
be avoided.
Sulfur, mg/kg, max 300
Solvent-washed gum content, mg/100 mL, max 5.0
6.4
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5983 − 06 (Reapproved 2011) D5983 − 13
Standard Specification for
Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for Downstream
1
Blending for Use in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5983; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This specification covers requirements for fuel grade methyl tertiary-butyl ether utilized in commerce, terminal blending,
or downstream blending with fuels for spark-ignition engines. Other MTBE grades may be available for blending that are not
covered by this specification.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D156 Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products (Saybolt Chromometer Method)
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D4045 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4176 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
D5441 Test Method for Analysis of Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) by Gas Chromatography
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D7757 Test Method for Silicon in Gasoline and Related Products by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence
Spectrometry
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer Titration
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 methanol, n—the chemical compound CH OH.
3
3.1.2 methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), n—the chemical compound (CH ) COCH [C H O].
3 3 3 5 12
3.1.3 oxygenate, n—an oxygen-containing ashless, organic compound, such as an alcohol or ether, which may be used as a fuel
or fuel supplement.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.A0.02
on Oxygenated Fuels and Components.
Current edition approved April 1, 2011June 15, 2013. Published April 2011July 2013. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as
D5983D5983 – 06 (2011).–06. DOI: 10.1520/D5983-06R11.10.1520/D5983-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5983 − 13
4. Performance Requirements
4.1 Methyl tertiary-butyl ether utilized in commerce, terminal blending, or downstream blending with fuels for ground vehicles
equipped with spark-ignition engines shall conform to the requirements of Table 1.
NOTE 1—Individual applications may require a more restrictive sulfur limit. These requirements are to be negotiated between buyer and seller.
5. Workmanship
5.1 The MTBE shall be visually free of undissolved water, sediment, and suspended matter. It shall be clear and bright at the
ambient temperature or 21°C, 21°C (70°F), whichever is higher.
5.2 The specification defines only a basic purity for this product. The product shall be free of any adulterant or conta
...

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1.4 Table of Contents:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Test Method  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Apparatus  
6  
Engine Fluids and Cleaning Solvents  
7  
Preparation of Apparatus  
8  
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests  
9  
Test Procedure  
10  
Calculations, Ratings, and Test Validity  
11  
Report  
12  
Precision and Bias  
13  
Annexes  
Safety Precautions  
Annex A1  
Intake Air Aftercooler  
Annex A2  
The Cummins ISB Engine Build Parts Kit  
Annex A3  
Sensor Locations and Special Hardware  
Annex A4  
External Oil System  
Annex A5  
Cummins Service Publications  
Annex A6  
Specified Units and Formats  
Annex A7  
Oil Analyses  
Annex A8  
Alternate Fuel Approval Process  
Annex A9  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5001-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Wear due to excessive friction resulting in shortened life of engine components such as fuel pumps and fuel controls has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in an aviation fuel.  
5.2 The relationship of test results to aviation fuel system component distress due to wear has been demonstrated for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is a factor in the operation of the component.  
5.3 The wear scar generated in the ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (BOCLE) test is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity measurements are also sensitive to trace materials acquired during sampling and storage. Containers specified in Practice D4306 shall be used.  
5.4 The BOCLE test method may not directly reflect operating conditions of engine hardware. For example, some fuels that contain a high content of certain sulfur compounds can give anomalous test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on rubbing steel surfaces.  
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be used to carry out the test.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4808-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Hydrogen Content of Light Distillates, Middle Distillates, Gas Oils, and Residua by Low-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The hydrogen content represents a fundamental quality of a petroleum product that has been correlated with many of the performance characteristics of that product.  
5.2 This test method provides a simple and more precise alternative to existing test methods, specifically combustion techniques (Test Methods D5291) for determining the hydrogen content on a range of petroleum products.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the hydrogen content of petroleum products ranging from atmospheric distillates to vacuum residua using a continuous wave, low-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. (Test Method D3701 is the preferred method for determining the hydrogen content of aviation turbine fuels using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.)  
1.2 Three test methods are included here that account for the special characteristics of different petroleum products and apply to the following distillation ranges:    
Test Method  
Petroleum Products  
Boiling Range, °C (°F)
(approximate)  
A  
Light Distillates  
15–260 (60–500)  
B  
Middle Distillates  
200–370 (400–700)  
Gas Oils  
370–510 (700–950)  
C  
Residua  
510+ (950+ )  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. The preferred units are mass %.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7.2 and 7.4.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D8252-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Vanadium and Nickel in Crude and Residual Oil by X-ray Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a rapid and precise elemental measurement with simple sample preparation. Typical analysis times are approximately 4 min to 5 min per sample with a preparation time of approximately 1 min to 3 min per sample.  
5.2 The quality of crude oil is related to the amount of sulfur present. Knowledge of the vanadium and nickel concentration is necessary for processing purposes as well as contractual agreements.  
5.3 The presence of vanadium and nickel presents significant risks for contamination of the cracking catalysts in the refining process.  
5.4 This test method provides a means of determining whether the vanadium and nickel content of crude meets the operational limits of the refinery and whether the metal content will have a deleterious effect on the refining process or when used as a fuel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of total vanadium and nickel in crude and residual oil in the concentration ranges shown in Table 1 using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry.  
1.2 Sulfur is measured for analytical purposes only for the compensation of X-ray absorption matrix effects affecting the vanadium and nickel X-rays. For measurement of sulfur by standard test method use Test Methods D4294, D2622 or other suitable standard test method for sulfur in crude and residual oils.  
1.3 This test method is limited to the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers employing an X-ray tube for excitation in conjunction with wavelength dispersive detection system or energy dispersive high resolution semiconductor detector with the ability to separate signals of adjacent and near-adjacent elements.  
1.4 This test method uses inter-element correction factors calculated from XRF theory, the fundamental parameters (FP) approach, or best fit regression.  
1.5 Samples containing higher concentrations than shown in Table 1 must be diluted to bring the elemental concentration of the diluted material within the scope of this test method.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6.1 The preferred concentrations units are mg/kg for vanadium and nickel.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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