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ASTM D5493-93(2003)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Permittivity of Geotextiles Under Load

Standard Test Method for Permittivity of Geotextiles Under Load

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the water permittivity behavior of geotextiles in a direction normal to the plane of the geotextile when subjected to specific normal compressive loads.  
1.2 Use of this test method is limited to geotextiles. This test method is not intended for application with geotextile-related products such as geogrids, geonets, geomembranes, and other geocomposites.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Nov-1993
ICS
59.080.70 - Geotextiles
Technical Committee
D35 - Geosynthetics
Drafting Committee
D35.03 - Permeability and Filtration
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5493-93(1998) - Standard Test Method for Permittivity of Geotextiles Under Load
Effective Date
15-Nov-1993
Replaced By
ASTM D5493-06 - Standard Test Method for Permittivity of Geotextiles Under Load
Effective Date
01-Jan-2006
Referred By
ASTM D6917-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)
Effective Date
15-Nov-1993

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ASTM D5493-93(2003) - Standard Test Method for Permittivity of Geotextiles Under Load
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D 5493–93 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Test Method for
1
Permittivity of Geotextiles Under Load
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5493; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 geotextile, n—any permeable textile material used
with foundation, soil, rock, earth, or any other geotechnical
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the water
engineering related material as an integral part of a manmade
permittivity behavior of geotextiles in a direction normal to the
project, structure, or system (see Terminology D 4439).
plane of the geotextile when subjected to specific normal
3.1.2 hydraulic gradient, i, n—the loss of hydraulic head
compressive loads.
per unit distance of flow, dh/dL (see Test Method D 4716).
1.2 Useofthistestmethodislimitedtogeotextiles.Thistest
-1
3.1.3 permittivity, (c), (T ), n—of geotextiles, the volumet-
method is not intended for application with geotextile-related
ric flow rate of water per unit cross-sectional area per unit head
products such as geogrids, geonets, geomembranes, and other
under laminar flow conditions, in the normal direction through
geocomposites.
a geotextile (see Terminology D 4439).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.4 For the definitions of other terms relating to geotex-
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
tiles, refer to Terminology D 4439. For the definitions of textile
information only.
terms, refer to Terminology D 123. For the definitions of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
coeffıcient of permeability, refer to Terminology D 653.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 This test method provides a procedure for measuring the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
water flow, in the normal direction through a known cross
2. Referenced Documents section of a single layer of a geotextile at predetermined
2
constant hydraulic heads over a range of applied normal
2.1 ASTM Standards:
compressive stresses.
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textile Materials
4.2 Thepermittivityofageotextile, c,canbedeterminedby
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
measuring the flow rate of water, in the normal direction,
Fluids
through a known cross section of a geotextile at predetermined
D 4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for Testing
constant water heads.
D 4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
4.3 Waterflowthroughgeotextilescanbelaminar,transient,
D 4491 Test Method for Water Permeability of Geotextiles
or turbulent, and therefore permittivity cannot be taken as a
by Permittivity
constant.
D 4716 Test Method for Determining the (in-plane) Flow
Rate per Unit Width and Hydraulic Transmissivity of a
5. Significance and Use
Geosynthetic Using a Constant Head
5.1 The thickness of a geotextile decreases with increase in
3. Terminology the normal compressive stress. This decrease in thickness may
result in the partial closing or the opening of the voids of
3.1 Definitions:
geotextile depending on its initial structure and the boundary
conditions.
5.2 This test method measures the permittivity due to a
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-35 on
changeofvoidstructureofageotextileasaresultofanapplied
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.03 on Perme-
compressive stress.
ability and Filtration.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 1993. Published January 1994.Originally
6. Apparatus
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D5493–93(1998).
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1 The apparatus used for the normal permeability under
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
load test is shown in Fig. 1.The apparatus shall conformto one
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. of the following arrangements:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 5493–93 (2003)
6.5 The geotextile specimen is installed in the cylinder (3)
in between two wire meshes (7) and balls layers (6) and upper
and lower perforated plates (5).
6.6 Once the specimen, the balls, and the plates are secured
in the cylinder (3), remaining parts must be assembl
...

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SCOPE
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5.1 Use of the Stepped Isothermal Method decreases the time required for creep to occur and the obtaining of the associated data.  
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SCOPE
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1.3 The SIM tests are laterally unconfined tests based on time-temperature superposition procedures.  
1.4 Tensile tests are to be completed before SIM tests and the results are used to determine the stress levels for subsequent SIM tests defined in terms of the percentage of Ultimate Tensile Strength (TULT). Additionally, the tensile test can be designed to provide estimates of the initial elastic strain distributions appropriate for the SIM results.  
1.5 Ramp and Hold (R+H) tests may be completed in conjunction with SIM tests. They are designed to provide additional estimates of the initial elastic and initial rapid creep strain levels appropriate for the SIM results.  
1.6 This method can be used to establish the sustained load creep and creep-rupture characteristics of a geosynthetic. Results of this method are to be used to augment results of Test Method D5262 and may not be used as the sole basis for determination of long-term creep and creep-rupture behavior of geosynthetic material.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5322-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Laboratory Immersion Procedures for Evaluating the Chemical Resistance of Geosynthetics to Liquids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides a standard immersion procedure for investigating the chemical resistance of a geosynthetic to a liquid waste, leachate, or chemical in a laboratory environment. The conditions specified in this practice are intended both to provide a basis of standardization and to serve as a guide for those wishing to compare or investigate the chemical resistance of a geosynthetic material(s) in a laboratory environment. Practice D5496 can be used should the user need to assess the performance of a geosynthetic in field conditions.  
4.2 This practice is not intended to establish, by itself, the behavior of geosynthetics when exposed to liquids. Such behavior, referred to as chemical resistance, can be defined only in terms of specific chemical solutions and methods of testing and evaluation criteria selected by the user.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers laboratory immersion procedures for the testing of geosynthetics for chemical resistance to liquid wastes, prepared chemical solutions, and leachates derived from solid wastes.  
1.2 This standard is not applicable to some geosynthetics such as geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs), because of their composite nature requiring a confining pressure during immersion. However, individual geosynthetic components of the GCL can be tested.  
1.3 This standard was originally developed to supplement and expand EPA 9090 to include all geosynthetics. EPA 9090 has not been updated since 1992.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 7.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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