ASTM E643-84(2000)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Ball Punch Deformation of Metallic Sheet Material (Withdrawn 2009)
Standard Test Method for Ball Punch Deformation of Metallic Sheet Material (Withdrawn 2009)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The ball punch deformation test is widely used to evaluate and compare the formability of metallic sheet materials. Biaxial stretching is the predominant mode of deformation occurring during the test and, therefore, the results are most often used to rate or compare materials that are to be formed mainly by stretching. However, precise correlations between the cup height as determined by this test and the formability of a sheet material under production conditions have not been established.
It is recognized that the cup heights for specimens from the same sample may vary with differences in magnitude of hold-down force, lubrication, and method of end point determination. The procedures described in Sections 5, 7.1, and 7.3 will minimize these variations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for conducting the ball punch deformation test for metallic sheet materials intended for forming applications. The test applies to specimens with thicknesses between 0.008 and 0.080 in. (0.20 and 2.00 mm).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. Note 1--The ball punch deformation test is intended to replace the Olsen cup test by standardizing many of the test parameters that previously have been left to the discretion of the testing laboratory.
Note 2--The modified Erichsen test has been standardized in Europe. The main differences between the ball punch deformation test and the Erichsen test are the diameters of the penetrator and the dies. Erichsen cup heights are given in SI units.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the procedure for conducting the ball punch deformation test for metallic sheet materials intended for forming applications. The test applies to specimens with thicknesses between 0.008 and 0.080 in. (0.20 and 2.00 mm).
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing, this test method was withdrawn in March 2009 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E643–84 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Test Method for
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Ball Punch Deformation of Metallic Sheet Material
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 643; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The ball punch deformation test is used for evaluating the ductility of metallic sheet materials. The
test involves biaxial stretching of a constrained test specimen. Ideally, no draw-in of flange metal from
under the hold-down occurs. The sheet metal test specimen is bulged at a specified rate until the load
drops or until either necking or fracture occurs; the test is then terminated. Ball punch (penetrator)
movementtodropin-loadorneckingorfractureisthetestresult.Itisknownthattestresultsmayvary
with hold-down force, lubrication, and criterion for determining the end point of the test.
1. Scope 2.2 National Institute of Standards and Technology Docu-
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ment:
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for conducting
NIST Handbook 91 Experimental Statistics
the ball punch deformation test for metallic sheet materials
intended for forming applications. The test applies to speci-
3. Terminology
mens with thicknesses between 0.008 and 0.080 in. (0.20 and
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.00 mm).
3.1.1 cup height, the height of the formed cup at the end
1.2 The values stated in inch–pound units are to be regarded
point of the test.
as the standard.
NOTE 1—The ball punch deformation test is intended to replace the 4. Significance and Use
Olsen cup test by standardizing many of the test parameters that
4.1 The ball punch deformation test is widely used to
previously have been left to the discretion of the testing laboratory.
evaluate and compare the formability of metallic sheet mate-
NOTE 2—The modified Erichsen test has been standardized in Europe.
rials. Biaxial stretching is the predominant mode of deforma-
The main differences between the ball punch deformation test and the
tion occurring during the test and, therefore, the results are
Erichsen test are the diameters of the penetrator and the dies. Erichsen cup
heights are given in SI units. most often used to rate or compare materials that are to be
formed mainly by stretching. However, precise correlations
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
between the cup height as determined by this test and the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
formability of a sheet material under production conditions
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
have not been established.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2 It is recognized that the cup heights for specimens from
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the same sample may vary with differences in magnitude of
2. Referenced Documents hold-down force, lubrication, and method of end point deter-
mination. The procedures described in Sections 5, 7.1, and 7.3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
will minimize these variations.
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
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ASTM Test Methods
5. Apparatus
E 180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
5.1 Cupping Machines (Fig. 1)—Any machine used for ball
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
3 punchdeformationtestsshallbeequippedtoholdthespecimen
cialty Chemicals
with a minimum force of 2200 lbf (9800 N). It shall have a
spherical-ended penetrator capable of forcing the central por-
tion of the specimen through the die until the end point of the
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on
test occurs (see 7.3).
Mechanical Testing, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.02 on
Ductility and Flexure Testing.
Current edition approved April 27, 1984. Published July 1984. Originally
published as E 643 – 78.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05. Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E643
FIG. 1 Ball Punch Deformation Test Tooling
5.1.1 Variationinhold-downforceisasourceofvariationin 5.3.1 Thepenetratorshallbesufficientlyrigidsoasnottobe
cup height. For machines not equipped to measure the hold- deformed or to turn or move laterally during the test. Its head
down force, the magnitude of the force should be established. shall be spherical and have a diameter of 0.875 6 0.002 in.
(2
...
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