ASTM E643-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Ball Punch Deformation of Metallic Sheet Material
Standard Test Method for Ball Punch Deformation of Metallic Sheet Material
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The ball punch deformation test is widely used to evaluate and compare the formability of metallic sheet materials. Biaxial stretching is the predominant mode of deformation occurring during the test and, therefore, the results are most often used to rate or compare materials that are to be formed mainly by stretching. However, precise correlations between the cup height as determined by this test and the formability of a sheet material under production conditions have not been established.
It is recognized that the cup heights for specimens from the same sample may vary with differences in magnitude of hold-down force, lubrication, and method of end point determination. The procedures described in Sections 5, 7.1, and 7.3 will minimize these variations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for conducting the ball punch deformation test for metallic sheet materials intended for forming applications. The test applies to specimens with thicknesses between 0.008 and 0.080 in. (0.20 and 2.00 mm).
1.2 The values stated in inch–pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
Note 1—The ball punch deformation test is intended to replace the Olsen cup test by standardizing many of the test parameters that previously have been left to the discretion of the testing laboratory.
Note 2—The modified Erichsen test has been standardized in Europe. The main differences between the ball punch deformation test and the Erichsen test are the diameters of the penetrator and the dies. Erichsen cup heights are given in SI units.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E643 − 09
StandardTest Method for
1
Ball Punch Deformation of Metallic Sheet Material
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E643; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The ball punch deformation test is used for evaluating the ductility of metallic sheet materials. The
testinvolvesbiaxialstretchingofaconstrainedtestspecimen.Ideally,nodraw-inofflangemetalfrom
under the hold-down occurs. The sheet metal test specimen is bulged at a specified rate until the load
drops or until either necking or fracture occurs; the test is then terminated. Ball punch (penetrator)
movementtodropin-loadorneckingorfractureisthetestresult.Itisknownthattestresultsmayvary
with hold-down force, lubrication, and criterion for determining the end point of the test.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for conducting 2.1 ASTM Standards:
the ball punch deformation test for metallic sheet materials E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
intended for forming applications. The test applies to speci- ASTM Test Methods
mens with thicknesses between 0.008 and 0.080 in. (0.20 and E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
2.00 mm). Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 National Institute of Standards and Technology Docu-
1.2 The values stated in inch–pound units are to be regarded
3
ment:
as the standard.
NIST Handbook 91 Experimental Statistics
NOTE 1—The ball punch deformation test is intended to replace the
Olsen cup test by standardizing many of the test parameters that 3. Terminology
previously have been left to the discretion of the testing laboratory.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
NOTE 2—The modified Erichsen test has been standardized in Europe.
3.1.1 cup height, the height of the formed cup at the end
The main differences between the ball punch deformation test and the
Erichsen test are the diameters of the penetrator and the dies. Erichsen cup point of the test.
heights are given in SI units.
4. Significance and Use
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1 The ball punch deformation test is widely used to
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
evaluate and compare the formability of metallic sheet mate-
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
rials. Biaxial stretching is the predominant mode of deforma-
and are not considered standard.
tion occurring during the test and, therefore, the results are
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
most often used to rate or compare materials that are to be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
formed mainly by stretching. However, precise correlations
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
between the cup height as determined by this test and the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
formability of a sheet material under production conditions
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
have not been established.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.02 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Ductility and Formability. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally the ASTM website.
3
published in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E643 -84(2000) which Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
was withdrawn March 2009 and reinstated in June 2009. DOI: 10.1520/E0643-09. Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E643 − 09
4.2 It is recognized that the cup heights for specimens from 5.1.2 The magnitude of the hold-down force shall be such
the same sample may vary with differences in magnitude of that no appreciable draw-in occurs.
hold-down force, lubrication, and method of end point deter-
5.1.3 The machine shall be provided with a displacement
mination. The procedures described in Sections 5, 7.1, and 7.3 indicator to measure cup height.
will minimize these variations.
5.2 Displacement Indicator—The displacement indicator
shall
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard Designation: E 643 – 09
Designation:E643–84 (Reapproved 1995)
Standard Test Method for
1
Ball Punch Deformation of Metallic Sheet Material
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 643; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The ball punch deformation test is used for evaluating the ductility of metallic sheet materials. The
testinvolvesbiaxialstretchingofaconstrainedtestspecimen.Ideally,nodraw-inofflangemetalfrom
under the hold-down occurs. The sheet metal test specimen is bulged at a specified rate until the load
drops or until either necking or fracture occurs; the test is then terminated. Ball punch (penetrator)
movementtodropin-loadorneckingorfractureisthetestresult.Itisknownthattestresultsmayvary
with hold-down force, lubrication, and criterion for determining the end point of the test.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for conducting the ball punch deformation test for metallic sheet materials intended
for forming applications. The test applies to specimens with thicknesses between 0.008 and 0.080 in. (0.20 and 2.00 mm).
1.2 The values stated in inch–pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
NOTE 1—The ball punch deformation test is intended to replace the Olsen cup test by standardizing many of the test parameters that previously have
been left to the discretion of the testing laboratory.
NOTE 2—The modified Erichsen test has been standardized in Europe. The main differences between the ball punch deformation test and the Erichsen
test are the diameters of the penetrator and the dies. Erichsen cup heights are given in SI units.
1.3
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E180Practice for Determining the Precision ofASTM Methods forAnalysis and Testing of Industrial Chemicals 691 Practice
for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 National Institute of Standards and Technology Document:
3
NIST Handbook 91Experimental Statistics
NIST Handbook 91 Experimental Statistics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 cup height, the height of the formed cup at the end point of the test.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-28E28 on Mechanical Testing,Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.02 on
Ductility and Flexure.
Current edition approved April 27, 1984. Published July 1984. Originally published as E643–78. on Ductility and Formability.
Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally published in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E 643 -84(2000) which was
withdrawn March 2009 and reinstated in June 2009.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 14.02.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
3
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E643–09
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The ball punch deformation test is widely used to evaluate and compare the formability of metallic sheet materials. Biaxial
stretching is the predominant mode of deformation occurring during the test and, therefore, the results are most often used to rate
or compare materials that are to be formed mainly by stretching. However, precise correlations between the
...
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