ASTM D2617-96

Standard Test Method for Total Ash in Leather

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total ash in leather.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-1996
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.06 - Chemical Analysis

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D2617-96(2001) - Standard Test Method for Total Ash in Leather
• Effective Date: 10-May-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D2875-00(2020) - Standard Test Method for Insoluble Ash of Vegetable-Tanned Leather
• Effective Date: 10-May-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D6401-99(2020) - Standard Test Method for Determining Non-Tannins and Tannin in Extracts of Vegetable Tanning Materials
• Effective Date: 10-May-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D2807-17a - Standard Test Method for Chromic Oxide in Leather (Perchloric Acid Oxidation)
• Effective Date: 10-May-1996

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 2617 – 96
Standard Test Method for
Total Ash in Leather
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2617; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 5. Apparatus
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total ash in 5.1 Crucible, 30 to 50-mL, high-form, platinum or porce-
leather. lain.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the 5.2 Electric Muffle Furnace, with controller or rheostat and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the pyrometer, capable of maintaining a temperature of 600 6
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 25°C.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6. Test Specimen
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.1 The specimen shall consist of 1 to5gof leather from the
2. Referenced Documents
composite sample prepared in accordance with an accepted
2.1 ASTM Standards: procedure.
D 2807 Test Method for Chromic Oxide in Leather (Per-
NOTE 1—In some leathers, silicones or other organometallic complexes
chloric Acid Oxidation)
that are solvent, soluble, and ash producing are used. It may be desirable
D 2813 Practice for Sampling Leather for Physical and
to obtain ash on an extracted sample, and if so, it should be indicated on
Chemical Tests
the report.
3. Summary of Test Method 7. Procedure
3.1 The sample is ignited in air at 600 6 25°C until constant 7.1 Weigh accurately (to 1 mg) into a tared crucible 1 to 5
mass is attained. The weighed residual matter is termed “ash” g of leather, prepared as described in 6.1, and preferably at
and is calculated as a percentage of the original sample. sufficiently close equilibrium with the laboratory humidity that
it does not gain or lose mass at a significant rate. Place the
4. Significance and Use
crucible and sample in the muffle furnace and maintain at 600
4.1 This test method is useful in determining the approxi-
6 25°C for at least 15 min, or longer if necessary to destroy
mate amount of nonvolatile inorganic material in leather. This carbonaceous matter (Note 2). Remove the crucible from the
may be in the form of salts or oxides of the elements. In a
furnace, cool in a desiccator, and weigh (Note 3). Replace in
mixed chrome tannage, the approximate percentage of other the furnace and maintain at 600 6 25°C for another 15 min.
elements in the leather may be determined by subtracting the
Repeat the weighing operation. Continue heating for 15 min
chromic oxide that may be conveniently determined on the ash. and weighing as described above until a mass constant within
(See Test Method D 2807.)
0.2 mg is obtained. Record the final mass.
4.2 The temperature of 600°C specified is high enough to
NOTE 2—The above procedure is satisfactory with most leathers. With
produce a reproducible result but it does not completely
heavily oiled or stuffed leather, start with a cold muffle and raise
dehydrate such oxides as aluminum oxide, (Al O ) and chro-
2 3 temperature gradually to 600°C, or burn off the oil carefully over a gas
mic oxide (Cr O ). Likewise, such salts as sulfates and
burner before placing the crucible in the hot furnace.
2 3
phosphates may be incompletely dehydrated, and if alkalies NOTE 3—If it is difficult to burn off the carbon, as evidenced by
inspection or failure to achieve constant mass, moisten the ash with a few
and chromium are present simultaneously, oxidation to chro-
drops of 1+1 nitric acid, dry carefully over a low flame, and then transfer
mate may occur. Therefore, caution is advised in drawing
to the muffle and heat as before. If this procedure is unsuccessful, digest
conclusions based on quantitative relations of the elements.
the ash in the crucible with 15 to 20 mL of hot water for a few minutes,
and fi
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