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ASTM C1662-07

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Measurement of the Glass Dissolution Rate Using the Single-Pass Flow-Through Test Method

Standard Practice for Measurement of the Glass Dissolution Rate Using the Single-Pass Flow-Through Test Method

SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a single-pass flow-through (SPFT) test method that can be used to measure the dissolution rate of a homogeneous silicate glass, including nuclear waste glasses, in various test solutions at temperatures less than 100°C. Tests may be conducted under conditions in which the effects from dissolved species on the dissolution rate are minimized to measure the forward dissolution rate at specific values of temperature and pH, or to measure the dependence of the dissolution rate on the concentrations of various solute species.
1.2 Tests are conducted by pumping solutions in either a continuous or pulsed flow mode through a reaction cell that contains the test specimen. Tests must be conducted at several solution flow rates to evaluate the effect of the flow rate on the glass dissolution rate.
1.3 This practice excludes static test methods in which flow is simulated by manually removing solution from the reaction cell and replacing it with fresh solution.
1.4 Tests may be conducted with demineralized water, chemical solutions (such as pH buffer solutions, simulated groundwater solutions, and brines), or actual groundwater.
1.5 Tests may be conducted with crushed glass of a known size fraction or monolithic specimens having known geometric surface area. The reacted solids may be examined to provide additional information regarding the behavior of the material in the test and the reaction mechanism.
1.6 Tests may be conducted with glasses containing radionuclides. However, this test method does not address safety issues for radioactive samples.
1.7 Data from these tests can be used to determine the values of kinetic model parameters needed to calculate the glass corrosion behavior in a disposal system over long periods (for example, see Practice C 1174).
1.8 This practice must be performed in accordance with all quality assurance requirements for acceptance of the data.
1.9 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jan-2007
ICS
81.040.30 - Glass products
Technical Committee
C26 - Nuclear Fuel Cycle
Drafting Committee
C26.13 - Spent Fuel and High Level Waste
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM C1662-10 - Standard Practice for Measurement of the Glass Dissolution Rate Using the Single-Pass Flow-Through Test Method
Effective Date
01-Jun-2010
Referred By
ASTM C1285-21 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Chemical Durability of Nuclear, Hazardous, and Mixed Waste Glasses and Multiphase Glass Ceramics: The Product Consistency Test (PCT)
Effective Date
01-Feb-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1926-23 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Glass Dissolution Rate Using Stirred Dilute Reactor Conditions on Monolithic Samples
Effective Date
01-Feb-2007

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ASTM C1662-07 - Standard Practice for Measurement of the Glass Dissolution Rate Using the Single-Pass Flow-Through Test MethodASTM C1662-07 - Standard Practice for Measurement of the Glass Dissolution Rate Using the Single-Pass Flow-Through Test Method
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ASTM C1662-07 - Standard Practice for Measurement of the Glass Dissolution Rate Using the Single-Pass Flow-Through Test Method
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1662–07
Standard Practice for
For Measurement of the Glass Dissolution Rate Using the
1
Single-Pass Flow-Through Test Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1662; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.9 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
1.1 This practice describes a single-pass flow-through
only.
(SPFT) test method that can be used to measure the dissolution
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the
rate of a homogeneous silicate glass, including nuclear waste
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
glasses, in various test solutions at temperatures less than
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
100°C. Tests may be conducted under conditions in which the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
effects from dissolved species on the dissolution rate are
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
minimized to measure the forward dissolution rate at specific
values of temperature and pH, or to measure the dependence of
2. Referenced Documents
the dissolution rate on the concentrations of various solute
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
species.
C92 Test Methods for SieveAnalysis and Water Content of
1.2 Tests are conducted by pumping solutions in either a
Refractory Materials
continuous or pulsed flow mode through a reaction cell that
C169 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soda-Lime
contains the test specimen. Tests must be conducted at several
and Borosilicate Glass
solution flow rates to evaluate the effect of the flow rate on the
C429 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Raw Materials for
glass dissolution rate.
Glass Manufacture
1.3 This practice excludes static test methods in which flow
C693 Test Method for Density of Glass by Buoyancy
is simulated by manually removing solution from the reaction
C1109 Practice for Analysis of Aqueous Leachates from
cell and replacing it with fresh solution.
Nuclear Waste Materials Using Inductively Coupled
1.4 Tests may be conducted with demineralized water,
Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
chemical solutions (such as pH buffer solutions, simulated
C1174 Practice for Prediction of the Long-Term Behavior
groundwater solutions, and brines), or actual groundwater.
of Materials, Including Waste Forms, Used in Engineered
1.5 Tests may be conducted with crushed glass of a known
Barrier Systems (EBS) for Geological Disposal of High-
size fraction or monolithic specimens having known geometric
Level Radioactive Waste
surface area. The reacted solids may be examined to provide
C1220 Test Method for Static Leaching of Monolithic
additionalinformationregardingthebehaviorofthematerialin
Waste Forms for Disposal of Radioactive Waste
the test and the reaction mechanism.
C1285 Test Methods for Determining Chemical Durability
1.6 Tests may be conducted with glasses containing radio-
of Nuclear, Hazardous, and Mixed Waste Glasses and
nuclides. However, this test method does not address safety
Multiphase Glass Ceramics: The Product Consistency Test
issues for radioactive samples.
(PCT)
1.7 Data from these tests can be used to determine the
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
values of kinetic model parameters needed to calculate the
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
glass corrosion behavior in a disposal system over long periods
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
(for example, see Practice C1174).
1.8 This practice must be performed in accordance with all
quality assurance requirements for acceptance of the data.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear
2
Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.13 on Spent Fuel For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and High Level Waste. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2007. Published March 2007 . DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
C1662-07. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1662–07
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to 3.1.20 secondary phase, n—any phase that is not present in
Determine the Precision of a Test Method the glass being tested that is formed in solution or on the
surface of the sample or apparatus by combination of compo-
...

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Standard Practice for Measurement of the Glass Dissolution Rate Using the Single-Pass Flow-Through Test Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides a prescriptive description of the design of a SPFT test apparatus and identifies aspects of the performance of SPFT tests and interpretation of test results that must be addressed by the experimenter to provide confidence in the measured dissolution rate.  
5.2 The SPFT test method described in this practice can be used to characterize various aspects of glass corrosion behavior that can be utilized in a mechanistic model for calculating long-term behavior of a nuclear waste glass.  
5.3 Depending on the values of test parameters that are used, the results of SPFT tests can be used to measure the intrinsic dissolution rate of a glass, the temperature and pH dependencies of the rate, and the effects of various dissolved species on the dissolution rate.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a single-pass flow-through (SPFT) test method that can be used to measure the dissolution rate of a homogeneous silicate glass, including nuclear waste glasses, in various test solutions at temperatures less than 100°C. Tests may be conducted under conditions in which the effects from dissolved species on the dissolution rate are minimized to measure the forward dissolution rate at specific values of temperature and pH, or to measure the dependence of the dissolution rate on the concentrations of various solute species.  
1.2 Tests are conducted by pumping solutions in either a continuous or pulsed flow mode through a reaction cell that contains the test specimen. Tests must be conducted at several solution flow rates to evaluate the effect of the flow rate on the glass dissolution rate.  
1.3 This practice excludes static test methods in which flow is simulated by manually removing solution from the reaction cell and replacing it with fresh solution.  
1.4 Tests may be conducted with demineralized water, chemical solutions (such as pH buffer solutions, simulated groundwater solutions, and brines), or actual groundwater.  
1.5 Tests may be conducted with crushed glass of a known size fraction or monolithic specimens having known geometric surface area. The reacted solids may be examined to provide additional information regarding the behavior of the material in the test and the reaction mechanism.  
1.6 Tests may be conducted with glasses containing radionuclides. However, this test method does not address safety issues for radioactive samples.  
1.7 Data from these tests can be used to determine the values of kinetic model parameters needed to calculate the glass corrosion behavior in a disposal system over long periods (for example, see Practice C1174).  
1.8 This practice must be performed in accordance with all quality assurance requirements for acceptance of the data.  
1.9 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Guide for Choosing a Method for Determining the Index of Refraction and Dispersion of Glass

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4.1 Measurement—The refractive index at any wavelength of a piece of homogeneous glass is a function, primarily, of its composition, and secondarily, of its state of annealing. The index of a glass can be altered over a range of up to 1×10-4 (that is, 1 in the fourth decimal place) by the changing of an annealing schedule. This is a critical consideration for optical glasses, that is, glasses intended for use in high performance optical instruments where the required value of an index can be as exact as 1×10-6. Compensation for minor variations of composition are made by controlled rates of annealing for such optical glasses; therefore, the ability to measure index to six decimal places can be a necessity; however, for most commercial and experimental glasses, standard annealing schedules appropriate to each are used to limit internal stress and less rigorous methods of test for refractive index are usually adequate. The refractive indices of glass ophthalmic lens pressings are held to 5×10-4 because the tools used for generating the figures of ophthalmic lenses are made to produce curvatures that are related to specific indices of refraction of the lens materials.  
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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This specification covers the composition, sizes, dimensions, and physical properties of cellular glass thermal insulation. The material shall consist of a glass composition that has been foamed or cellulated under molten conditions, annealed, and set to form a rigid noncombustible material with hermetically sealed cells. The materials shall also be trimmed into rectangular or tapered blocks of standard dimensions. All specimens shall also comply with with qualification requirements such as compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption, water vapor permeability, thermal conductivity, hot-surface performance, thermal conductivity and surface burning characteristics. These properties shall be determined in accordance with test methods specified herein.
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SCOPE
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1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SCOPE
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