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ASTM D4617-03

(Specification)

Standard Classification System for Phenolic Compounds (PF) (Withdrawn 2012)

Standard Classification System for Phenolic Compounds (PF) (Withdrawn 2012)

ABSTRACT
This classification system covers the different classes, filler types, and grades of phenolic compounds suitable for compression, transfer, or injection molding, or a combination thereof. It is intended to be a means of calling out plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts, not for the selection of materials. The properties included here are those required to identify the compositions covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications, and shall be agreed upon between the user and the supplier. Sampled specimens shall be tested on and conform accordingly to the following physical property requirements: specific gravity; water absorption; Izod impact strength; flexural strength; deflection temperature; tensile strength; and compressive strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification system covers phenolic compounds suitable for compression, transfer, or injection molding, or a combination thereof.
1.2 This classification system is intended to be a means of calling out plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the plastics field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this classification system, and the economics.
1.3 The properties included in this classification system are those required to identify the compositions covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications. These will be agreed upon between the user and the supplier, by using the suffixes specified in Section5.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 13 of this classification system: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—ISO 800-1992(E) is similar but not equivalent to this classification system. Product classification and characterization are not the same.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This classification system covered phenolic compounds suitable for compression, transfer, or injection molding, or a combination thereof.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D20 on Plastics, this standard was withdrawn in January 2012 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
09-Mar-2003
Withdrawal Date
05-Jan-2012
ICS
13.080.10 - Chemical characteristics of soils
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.16 - Thermosetting Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4617-96 - Standard Specification for Phenolic Compounds, (PF)
Effective Date
10-Mar-2003
Referred By
ASTM D4000-23 - Standard Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
Effective Date
10-Mar-2003

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ASTM D4617-03 - Standard Classification System for Phenolic Compounds (PF) (Withdrawn 2012)ASTM D4617-03 - Standard Classification System for Phenolic Compounds (PF) (Withdrawn 2012)
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ASTM D4617-03 - Standard Classification System for Phenolic Compounds (PF) (Withdrawn 2012)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4617 – 03
Standard Classification System for
1
Phenolic Compounds (PF)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4617; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This classification system covers phenolic compounds 2.1 ASTM Standards:
suitable for compression, transfer, or injection molding, or a D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum
combination thereof. Impact Resistance of Plastics
1.2 This classification system is intended to be a means of D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
callingoutplasticmaterialsusedinthefabricationofenditems D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
Material selection should be made by those having expertise in D648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics
the plastics field after careful consideration of the design and Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
the performance required of the part, the environment to which D695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid
it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the Plastics
inherent properties of the material other than those covered by D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
this classification system, and the economics. and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
1.3 The properties included in this classification system are D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
thoserequiredtoidentifythecompositionscovered.Theremay tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
be other requirements necessary to identify particular charac- D796 Practice for Compression Molding Test Specimens of
3
teristics important to specialized applications. These will be Phenolic Molding Compounds
agreed upon between the user and the supplier, by using the D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
suffixes specified in Section 5. D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the Plastics
standard. D1896 Practice for Transfer Molding Test Specimens of
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the Thermosetting Compounds
test method portion, Section 13 of this classification system: D3419 Practice for In-Line Screw-Injection Molding Test
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety Specimens From Thermosetting Compounds
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory als
limitations prior to use. E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
NOTE 1—ISO 800-1992(E) is similar but not equivalent to this classi-
4
2.2 ISO Standard:
fication system. Product classification and characterization are not the
ISO 8000-1992(E)
same.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
ThisclassificationsystemisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.16 on Thermosetting Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Materials. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved March 10, 2003. Published April 2003. Originally Withdrawn.
4
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D4617 – 96. DOI: Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/D4617-03. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4617 – 03
3. Terminology formofthematerialshallbeasagreeduponbythesupplierand
the user. Specification changes due to the effects of colorants
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of technical terms pertain-
should be noted by both parties and, where necessary, covered
ing to plastics used in this classification system see Terminolo-
by suffixes.
gies D883,or D1600, or both.
8. Detail Requirements
4. Classification
8.1 Test specimens for the various materials shal
...

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ASTM D4617-96(Specification)
Standard Specification for Phenolic Compounds, (PF)

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers phenolic compounds suitable for molding.  
1.2 This specification is intended to be a means of calling out plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the plastics field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this specification, and the economics.  
1.3 The properties included in this specification are those required to identify the compositions covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications. These will be agreed upon between the user and the supplier, by using the suffixes specified in Section 5.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.  
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 13 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
Note 1- ISO 800-1977(E) is similar but not equivalent to this specification. Product classification and characterization are not the same.

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ASTM D8459-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Detecting Water Soluble Sulfates in Construction Soils

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Where sulfates are suspected, subgrade soils should be tested as an integral part of a geotechnical evaluation because the possibility that sulfate induced heave may occur if calcium containing stabilizers are used to improve the soils and sulfate reactions may also cause deterioration in concrete structures. When planning to treat a soil used in construction with lime, testing the soil for water soluble sulfates prior to treatment becomes very important (Note 2).  
5.2 When sulfate containing cohesive soils are treated with calcium-based stabilizers for foundation improvements, sulfates and free alumina in natural soils react with calcium and free hydroxide to form crystalline minerals, such as ettringite and thaumasite.4 Thaumasite forms when ettringite undergoes changes in the presence of carbonates at low temperatures.5 The sulfate minerals expand considerably when they are hydrated.
Note 2: For more information on the effect of treating soils containing water soluble sulfates, refer to the following publication: Little, D.N., Stabilization of Pavement Subgrades and Base Course with Lime, Kendal/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, IA, 1995.
Note 3: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 These methods determine the water soluble sulfate content of cohesive soils used in construction by using the colorimetric technique. Two methods are presented in this standard. Method A is for use in the field and Method B is for use in the laboratory. The colorimetric technique involves measuring the scattering of a light beam through a solution that contains suspended particulate matter. Measurements of sulfate concentrations in construction soils can be used to guide professionals in the selection of appropriate stabilization methods and to assist in assessment of potential deterioration in concrete structures.
Note 1: These test methods are partially based on the research conducted by Texas A & M University.  
1.2 The field method, Method A, is used as a screening test for the presence of sulfates and their concentration. The laboratory method, Method B, provides better resolution than the field method.  
1.3 Ion chromatography is also an acceptable alternative method that can be used to evaluate results, however, it is outside the scope of this standard.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this test method.  
1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropri...

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ASTM D5550-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Gas Pycnometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The specific gravity value is used in many phase relation equations to determine relative volumes of particle, water, and gas mixtures.  
5.2 The term soil particle typically refers to a naturally occurring mineral grain that is not readily soluble in water. Therefore, the specific gravity of soils that contain extraneous matter (such as cement, lime, and the like) or water-soluble material (such as salt) must be corrected for the precipitate that forms on the test specimen after drying. If the precipitate has a specific gravity less than the parent soil grains, the uncorrected test result will be too low. If the precipitate has a higher specific gravity, then the uncorrected test value will be too high.  
5.3 Heating during drying may diagenetically alter the structure of some clay minerals.3 Therefore caution should be exercised if the mineral composition of a clay test specimen is going to be determined after drying. It is possible to dry the test specimen at a lower temperature. However, the effect on water content4 and hence specific gravity should be investigated. In addition, some materials other than clay may be affected by drying at 110°C, such as gypsum, soils containing organics, fly ash containing residual coal, island sands. Test Method D2216 includes recommendations for drying gypsum using a lower temperature, such as 60°C.
Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the specific gravity of soil solids by means of a gas pycnometer. Particle size is limited by the dimensions of the test specimen container of the particular pycnometer being used.  
1.2 Test Method D854 may be used instead of or in conjunction with this test method for performing specific gravity tests on soils. Note that Test Method D854 does not require the specialized test apparatus needed by this test method. However, Test Method D854 may not be used if the test specimen contains matter that can readily dissolve in water, whereas this test method does not have that limitation.  
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.  
1.3.1 For purposes of comparing a measured or calculated value(s) with specified limits, the measured or calculated value(s) shall be rounded to the nearest decimal or significant digits in the specified limits.  
1.3.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that should generally be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The converted slug unit is not given, un...

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ASTM C1387-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for the Determination of Technetium-99 in Soil

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide offers several options for the determination of 99Tc in soil samples. Sample sizes of up to 200 g are possible, depending on the method chosen to extract Tc from the soil matrix. It is up to the user to determine if it is appropriate for the intended use of the final data.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to serve as a reference for laboratories wishing to perform 99Tc analyses in soil. Several options are given for selection of a tracer and for the method of extracting the Tc from the soil matrix. Separation of Tc from the sample matrix is performed using an extraction chromatography resin. Options are then given for the determination of the 99Tc activity in the original sample. It is up to the user to determine which options are appropriate for use, and to generate acceptance data to support the chosen procedure.  
1.2 Due to the various extraction methods available, various tracers used, variable detection methods used, and lack of certified reference materials for 99Tc in soil, there is insufficient data to support a single method written as a standard method.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard, except where the non-SI unit of molar, M, is used for the concentration of chemicals and reagents. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D4542-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Pore Water Extraction and Determination of the Soluble Salt Content of Soils by Refractometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The soluble salt content may be used to correct the index properties of soils such as water content, void ratio, specific gravity, degree of saturation, and dry density.
Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover a rapid procedure for squeezing pore water from fine-grained soils for the purpose of determining the amount of soluble salts present in the extracted pore water.  
1.2 These test methods were developed for soils having a water content equal to or greater than approximately 14 %, for example, marine soils. An extensive summary of procedures for extracting pore water from soils has been presented by Kriukov and Manheim (1).2  
1.3 These test methods are not generally applicable for determining the soluble salt content of the pore water extracted from coarse-grained soils, such as clean sands and gravels.  
1.4 Test Method A provides a procedure using a refractometer with a refraction index scale; Test Method B provides a procedure using a refractometer with a parts per thousand (ppt) scale.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 unless superseded by these test methods.  
1.6.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Guide for PFAS Analytical Methods Selection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides an overview of analytical methods, techniques, and procedures that may be used in determination of PFAS in environmental media.  
4.2 This guide provides considerations relevant to the selection and application of PFAS analytical methods, techniques, and procedures, including the limitations of published analytical methods and the potential benefits and challenges of non-standard analytical approaches.  
4.3 This guide presents comparisons of published analytical methods and approaches, including tabular comparison of target analyte lists and method features, to aid users in the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques for project-specific applications.  
4.4 This guide describes qualitative techniques available to determine total PFAS, including explanation of terms, discussion of techniques, conceptual overview schematic, and summary comparison table.  
4.5 This guide provides current information on research trends in PFAS determination techniques applied to environmental media.  
4.6 This guide provides an integrated framework that results in efficient, cost-effective decision-making for timely, appropriate response actions for PFAS-impacted environmental media.  
4.7 This guide is not intended to replace or supersede federal, state, local, or international regulatory requirements. Instead, this guide may be used to complement and support such requirements.  
4.8 This guide may be used by various parties involved in response actions for PFAS-impacted environmental media, including regulatory agencies, project sponsors, environmental consultants and contractors, site remediation professionals, analytical testing laboratories, data reviewers, data users, academic institutions, research institutes, and other stakeholders.  
4.9 The users of this guide should consider assembling a team of experienced professionals with appropriate expertise to scope, plan, and execute PFAS environmental data acquisition activities...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide discusses the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques used to identify and quantitate per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in environmental media. This guide provides a flexible, defensible framework applicable to a wide range of environment programs. It is structured to support a tiered approach with analytical methods, procedures, and techniques of increasing complexity as the user proceeds through the evaluation process. This guide addresses key decision criteria and best practices to aid users in achieving project objectives. There are numerous technical decisions that must be made in the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques used during environmental data acquisition programs. It is not the intent of this guide to define appropriate technical decisions, but rather to provide technical support within existing decision frameworks.  
1.2 This guide informs practitioners on the considerations relevant to the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques for the quantitative and qualitative determination of PFAS in a variety of environmental sample media. This guide encourages user-led collaboration with stakeholders, including analytical laboratories, data evaluation practitioners, and regulators, in the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques used to support project-specific decision criteria and objectives as applied within a particular environmental regulatory program. This guide recognizes the complexity and diversity of environmental programs and project objectives and provides technical support for a range of project applications.  
1.3 This guide is intended to complement, not replace, existing regulatory requirements or guidance. ASTM International (ASTM) guides are not regulations; they are consensus-based standards that may be followed as needed.  
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ASTM D5258-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Acid-Extraction of Elements from Sediments Using Closed Vessel Microwave Heating

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Partial extraction of soils and sediments can provide information on the availability of elements to leeching, water quality changes, or other site conditions.  
4.2 Rapid heating, in combination with temperatures in excess of the atmospheric boiling point of nitric acid, reduces sample preparation or reaction times.  
4.3 Little or no acids are lost to boiling or evaporation in the closed digestion vessel so additional portions of acid may not be required. Increased blank corrections from trace impurities in acid are minimized.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the digestion of soils and sediments for subsequent determination of acid-extractable concentrations of certain elements by such techniques as atomic absorption and atomic emission spectroscopy.  
1.1.1 Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, and zinc can be extracted from the preceding materials. Other elements may be determined using this practice.  
1.2 The analytical sample is arbitrarily defined as that which passes a 10-mesh (approximately 2 mm openings) screen and is prepared according to Practice D3974.  
1.3 Actual element quantitation can be accomplished by following the various test methods under other appropriate ASTM standards for element(s) of interest.  
1.4 The detection limit and linear concentration range for each element is dependent on the atomic absorption or emission spectrophotometric technique employed and may be found in the manual accompanying the instrument used.  
1.5 Before selecting a digestion technique, the user should consult the appropriate quantitation standard(s) for any special analytical considerations, and Practice D3974 for any special preparatory considerations.  
1.6 The extent of extraction of elements from soils and sediments by this method is dependent upon the physical and mineralogic characteristics of the prepared sample.  
1.7 The values stated in both inch-pound and SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information purposes only.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E2271/E2271M-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Clearance Examinations Following Lead Hazard Reduction Activities in Multifamily Dwellings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 A clearance examination of abatement areas and other areas associated with other lead-hazard control activities, or building maintenance or modification activities in multifamily dwellings having similar units, common areas or exterior sites is performed to determine that the clearance area is adequately safe for reoccupancy.  
4.2 It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to assure that all regulatory, contractual, and personnel requirements are met prior to conduct of a clearance examination. At a minimum, users of this standard shall be trained in its use and in safe practices for its conduct.  
4.3 This practice is one of a set of standards developed for lead hazard management activities. The visual assessment procedures required in this standard are found in Practice E2255/E2255M and the record keeping requirements are found in Practice E2239.  
4.4 Although this practice was primarily developed for multifamily dwellings, this practice may be also applied to nonresidential buildings and related structures by agreement between the client and the individual conducting the clearance examination.  
4.5 This practice may be used by owners and property managers, including owner-occupants, and others responsible for maintaining facilities. It may also be used by lead hazard management consultants, construction contractors, labor groups, real estate and financial professionals, insurance organizations, legislators, regulators, and legal professionals.  
4.6 This standard does not address whether lead-hazard reduction activities or other building modification or maintenance work were done properly.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers visual assessment for the presence of deteriorated paint, surface dust, painted debris, and paint chips with environmental sampling of surface dust to determine whether a lead hazard exists at the time of sample collection, following lead-hazard reduction activities, or other building maintenance and modification activities.  
1.2 This practice addresses clearance examination of multifamily dwellings having similar units, common areas or exterior sites.  
1.3 This practice also addresses clearance examinations that may include soil sampling, for example when soil abatement has been performed.  
1.4 This practice includes a procedure for determining whether regulatory requirements for lead clearance levels for dust and, where warranted, soil have been met, and, consequently whether a clearance area, passes or fails a clearance examination.
Note 1: This practice is based on that portion of “clearance” described in 40 CFR Part 745 for abatement, and in 24 CFR 35 for lead-hazard reduction activities other than abatement, except that composite dust sampling as described therein is not used.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 Methods described in this practice may not meet or be allowed by requirements or regulations established by local authorities having jurisdiction. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to comply with all such requirements and regulations.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organiz...

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ASTM D5258-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Acid-Extraction of Elements from Sediments Using Closed Vessel Microwave Heating

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Partial extraction of soils and sediments can provide information on the availability of elements to leeching, water quality changes, or other site conditions.  
4.2 Rapid heating, in combination with temperatures in excess of the atmospheric boiling point of nitric acid, reduces sample preparation or reaction times.  
4.3 Little or no acids are lost to boiling or evaporation in the closed digestion vessel so additional portions of acid may not be required. Increased blank corrections from trace impurities in acid are minimized.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the digestion of soils and sediments for subsequent determination of acid-extractable concentrations of certain elements by such techniques as atomic absorption and atomic emission spectroscopy.  
1.1.1 Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, and zinc can be extracted from the preceding materials. Other elements may be determined using this practice.  
1.2 The analytical sample is arbitrarily defined as that which passes a 10-mesh (approximately 2-mm openings) screen and is prepared according to Practice D3974.  
1.3 Actual element quantitation can be accomplished by following the various test methods under other appropriate ASTM standards for element(s) of interest.  
1.4 The detection limit and linear concentration range for each element is dependent on the atomic absorption or emission spectrophotometric technique employed and may be found in the manual accompanying the instrument used.  
1.5 Before selecting a digestion technique, the user should consult the appropriate quantitation standard(s) for any special analytical considerations, and Practice D3974 for any special preparatory considerations.  
1.6 The extent of extraction of elements from soils and sediments by this method is dependent upon the physical and mineralogic characteristics of the prepared sample.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7363-13A(2021)e1(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Parent and Alkyl Polycyclic Aromatics in Sediment Pore Water Using Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry in Selected Ion Monitoring Mode

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This method directly determines the concentrations of dissolved PAH concentrations in environmental sediment pore water samples. The method is important from an environmental regulatory perspective because it can achieve the analytical sensitivities to meet the goals of the USEPA narcosis model for protecting benthic organisms in PAH contaminated sediments. Regulatory methods using solvent extraction have not achieved the wide calibration ranges from nanograms to milligrams per litre and the required levels of detection in the nanogram-per-litre range. In addition, conventional solvent extraction methods require large aliquot volumes (litre or larger), use of large volumes of organic solvents, and filtration to generate the pore water. This approach entails the storage and processing of large volumes of sediment samples and loss of low molecular weight PAHs in the filtration and solvent evaporation steps.  
5.2 This method can be used to determine nanogram to milligram per litre PAH concentrations in pore water. Small volumes of pore water are required for SPME extraction, only 1.5 mL per determination and virtually no solvent extraction waste is generated.
SCOPE
1.1 The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) narcosis model for benthic organisms in sediments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is based on the concentrations of dissolved PAHs in the interstitial water or “pore water” in sediment. This test method covers the separation of pore water from PAH-impacted sediment samples, the removal of colloids, and the subsequent measurement of dissolved concentrations of the required 10 parent PAHs and 14 groups of alkylated daughter PAHs in the pore water samples. The “24 PAHs” are determined using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) followed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Isotopically labeled analogs of the target compounds are introduced prior to the extraction, and are used as quantification references.  
1.2 Lower molecular weight PAHs are more water soluble than higher molecular weight PAHs. Therefore, USEPA-regulated PAH concentrations in pore water samples vary widely due to differing saturation water solubilities that range from 0.2 µg/L for indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene to 31 000 µg/L for naphthalene. This method can accommodate the measurement of microgram per litre concentrations for low molecular weight PAHs and nanogram per litre concentrations for high molecular weight PAHs.  
1.3 The USEPA narcosis model predicts toxicity to benthic organisms if the sum of the toxic units (ΣTUc) calculated for all “34 PAHs” measured in a pore water sample is greater than or equal to 1. For this reason, the performance limit required for the individual PAH measurements was defined as the concentration of an individual PAH that would yield 1/34 of a toxic unit (TU). However, the focus of this method is the 10 parent PAHs and 14 groups of alkylated PAHs (Table 1) that contribute 95 % of the toxic units based on the analysis of 120 background and impacted sediment pore water samples.3 The primary reasons for eliminating the rest of the 5-6 ring parent PAHs are: (1) these PAHs contribute insignificantly to the pore water TU, and (2) these PAHs exhibit extremely low saturation solubilities that will make the detection of these compounds difficult in pore water. This method can achieve the required detection limits, which range from approximately 0.01 µg/L, for high molecular weight PAHs, to approximately 3 µg/L for low molecular weight PAHs.  
1.4 The test method may also be applied to the determination of additional PAH compounds (for example, 5- and 6-ring PAHs as described in Hawthorne et al.).4 However, it is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish the validity of the test method for the determination of PAHs other than those referenced in 1.1 and Table 1.  
1.5 The values stated in ...

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